Investigating mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties of thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotube composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1661-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Kanbur ◽  
Umit Tayfun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Nanotube Composites

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites containing carbon nanotube (CNT) with the loading ratios from 0.5wt% to 2 wt% were prepared using melt-compounding process. Surfaces of the CNT particles were treated with sulfuric acid/nitric acid to purify CNT and to achieve compatible surface characteristics between TPU matrix and CNT. Mechanical, thermal, flame retardant, melt flow, and morphological properties of TPU/CNT composites were investigated. Addition of CNT to TPU matrix causes in a prominent increase in tensile strength, percentage of elongation at break, and tensile modulus values of TPU. The mechanical properties are improved for lower modified CNT loadings. CNT inclusions also improve the thermal stability of pristine TPU. Addition of CNT into TPU matrix causes increase in melting and decomposition temperatures of TPU and decrease in glass transition temperature. The flammability parameters of TPU also shift to higher values after CNT loadings to matrix. Modified CNT additions at higher concentrations exhibit better fire performance. Additions of modified CNT and pristine CNT show different trends in the case of melt flow rate values. Modified CNTs disperse more homogeneously relative to pristine ones into TPU matrix which is due to improvement in interfacial interactions between CNT and TPU.

Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Starch/Poly(lactic acid/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 970 ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Sujaree Tachaphiboonsap ◽  
Kasama Jarukumjorn
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blending Method

Thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blend and thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend were prepared by melt blending method. PLA grafted with maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of the blends. As TPS was incorporated into PLA, elongation at break was increased while tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength were decreased. Tensile properties and impact properties of TPS/PLA blend were improved with adding PLA-g-MA indicating the enhancement of interfacial adhesion between PLA and TPS. With increasing PBAT content, elongation at break and impact strength of TPS/PLA blends were improved. The addition of TPS decreased glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), and melting temperature (Tm) of PLA. Tgand Tcof TPS/PLA blend were decreased by incorporating PLA-g-MA. However, the presence of PBAT reduced Tcof TPS/PLA blend. Thermal properties of TPS/PLA/PBAT blends did not change with increasing PBAT content. SEM micrographs revealed that the compatibilized TPS/PLA blends exhibited finer morphology when compared to the uncompatibilized TPS/PLA blend.

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Poly(Butylene Succinate)/Poly(Hydroxybutyrate-co-Hydroxyhexanoate) Polymer Blends: Effect of Blend Ratio and Maleated Compatibiliser

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zharif Ahmad Thirmizir ◽  
Muhammad Dzulakmal Hazahar ◽  
Zainal Arifin Mohd Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Melt Grafting ◽  
A Value ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Internal Mixer

Poly(butylene succinate)/Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate) (PBS/PHBHH) blends were prepared using melt blending in an internal mixer at 160°C. Mechanical and morphological properties of the blends, with ratios of 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60 and 50/50, are studied by tensile test and microscopy analysis. The effects of maleated PHBHH (PHBHHgMA) compatibiliser on the blend’s mechanical and morphological properties are also investigated. The compatibiliser is prepared by melt grafting maleic anhydride (MA) onto PHBHH at 160°C, in the presence of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) initiator. In this study, the purified compatibiliser is added to the blends. The highest tensile strength was achieved by the 10/90 blend, with a value of 24.83MPa; which is slightly higher than the neat PBS. The tensile modulus of the blends decreased with increasing PBS ratio, and approximately followed the Rule of Mixtures. Meanwhile, the elongation at break achieved its optimum value at 10wt. % PBS loading. The addition of PHBHHgMA at 5wt. % improved the tensile properties of all blends; with the highest value being achieved by the 10/90 blend ratio. Morphological observation via SEM was conducted to observe phase morphology and compatibility between the blend’s components.

Preparation and Properties of Recycled Polypropylene /Carbon Nanotube Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Long Gao ◽  
Yan Hui Liu ◽  
Dong Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Nanotube Composites ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composites ◽  
Rupture Characteristic

Recycled polypropylene (PP)/carbon nanotube (CNTs) composites with different CNTs fraction were prepared by the melting blend method. The effects of CNTs content on the thermal properties and mechanical properties were mainly investigated. The results show that the thermal degradation of the composites shifts towards higher temperatures as the concentration of CNTs is increased. With increasing CNTs content, tensile strength and elongation at break increase firstly and then decrease. When CNTs content is 3 %, tensile strength and elongation at break are 34.71 and 27.00, respectively. Moreover, a unique tensile rupture characteristic was found by SEM observations, which explained the critical broken theory of the PP/CNTs composites.

Graphene/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Warrayut Kanabenja ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Heat Of Fusion ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Polyurethane Composites

Thermoplastic polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites were successfully prepared by mixing masterbatches with neat polymers using the melt compounding process. Graphene was obtained from graphite by the chemical mean. Graphite was initially converted into graphite oxide which was then converted to graphene oxide. Graphene oxide was then reduced by L-ascorbic acid to obtain graphene. The effects of graphene addition on thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposite were studied by a differential scanning calorimeter, a thermal gravimetric analyzer and a scanning electron microscope. TPU/graphene nanocomposites showed higher melting temperature compared to TPU. On the other hand, heat of fusion of nanocomposites was lowered. TPU and TPU/graphene nanocomposites have two steps of decomposition. The first degradation of TPU occurred at higher temperature compared with nanocomposites but the second degradation showed the opposite results. The percentage of residue after thermal degradation of nanocomposites was lower than that of TPU. For surface morphology, nanocomposite exhibited the rougher surface comparing with TPU and well graphene dispersion in TPU phase was achieved. Nevertheless, there were some agglomeration of graphene.

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