scholarly journals Judging Expertise Through Communication Styles in Intercultural Collaboration

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Connie Yuan ◽  
Wang Liao ◽  
Natalya N. Bazarova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Intercultural Collaboration ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Expertise Recognition ◽  
Task Oriented

Recent research on expertise management calls for more attention to the role of communication in expertise recognition. Cultural differences in communication styles can complicate communication of expertise and consequently make expertise recognition more difficult in mixed-culture groups than in same-culture groups. This article reports results from a two-phase study (348 Chinese and non-Asian U.S. citizen [NAUSC] students in the first phase, and 24 four-person groups that consist of both NAUSC and Chinese students in the second phase) on the role of communication styles in intercultural collaboration. The results suggest that for both Chinese and NAUSC students, conversational control, tenseness, task-oriented communication, and confidence are important cues influencing expertise judgment, but perceived expertise and actual expertise may be unrelated to each other.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Analysis of the In Vivo Motion of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Leads

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas Szili-Torok ◽  
Jens Rump ◽  
Torsten Luther ◽  
Sing-Chien Yap
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Maximum Curvature ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Absolute Curvature ◽  
Icd Leads ◽  
Lead Testing ◽  
Design And Testing

Abstract Better understanding of the lead curvature, movement and their spatial distribution may be beneficial in developing lead testing methods, guiding implantations and improving life expectancy of implanted leads. Objective The aim of this two-phase study was to develop and test a novel biplane cine-fluoroscopy-based method to evaluate input parameters for bending stress in leads based on their in vivo 3D motion using precisely determined spatial distributions of lead curvatures. Potential tensile, compressive or torque forces were not subjects of this study. Methods A method to measure lead curvature and curvature evolution was initially tested in a phantom study. In the second phase using this model 51 patients with implanted ICD leads were included. A biplane cine-fluoroscopy recording of the intracardiac region of the lead was performed. The lead centerline and its motion were reconstructed in 3D and used to define lead curvature and curvature changes. The maximum absolute curvature Cmax during a cardiac cycle, the maximum curvature amplitude Camp and the maximum curvature Cmax@amp at the location of Camp were calculated. These parameters can be used to characterize fatigue stress in a lead under cyclical bending. Results The medians of Camp and Cmax@amp were 0.18 cm−1 and 0.42 cm−1, respectively. The median location of Cmax was in the atrium whereas the median location of Camp occurred close to where the transit through the tricuspid valve can be assumed. Increased curvatures were found for higher slack grades. Conclusion Our results suggest that reconstruction of 3D ICD lead motion is feasible using biplane cine-fluoroscopy. Lead curvatures can be computed with high accuracy and the results can be implemented to improve lead design and testing.

Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia in a Psychiatry Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinjola O ◽  
◽  
Lawal RA ◽  
Ojo AM ◽  
Adeosun II ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Good Treatment Outcome ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Schizophrenia is a devastating and highly disabling disorder associated with long-term consequences. Treatment is often made difficult by the presence of comorbidities like depression which when considered in management ensures good outcome. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression in schizophrenia. It is a two-phase study involving 320 outpatients recruited by consecutive sampling. The first phase entails confirming diagnosis with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), psychotic disorder module, assessing socio-demographic characteristic and screening for depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) by a trained assistant. In the second phase, the researcher then assesses for depressive disorder using MINI, depressive disorder module among subjects who screened positive with BDI together with 10% of those who screened negative. Over four-fifth (83.4%) of the participants were less than 50 years, they were mostly females (57.2%), of Yoruba ethnic group (59.7%), Christians (75.6%), and earn below ₦18,000 monthly or nothing (72.2%). Also, a large proportion (86.2%) had good social support. Over a third of the participants were married (38.1%) with about four-fifth of these living with their spouses. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and depressive disorder were 49.7% and 38.4% respectively. Logistic regression revealed that poor social support predicts depressive in Schizophrenia. In conclusion, Depression is common in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, thorough evaluation of schizophrenic patients is necessary so that, co-morbid depression when present can be detected and considered in management to ensure good treatment outcome.

Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Benbow ◽  
Carolyne Gorlick ◽  
Cheryl Forchuk ◽  
Catherine Ward-Griffin ◽  
Helene Berman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gender Neutrality

This article overviews the second phase of a two-phase study which examined experiences of health and social exclusion among mothers experiencing homelessness in Ontario, Canada. A critical discourse analysis was employed to analyze the policy document, Realizing Our Potential: Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy, 2014–2019. In nursing, analysis of policy is an emerging form of scholarship, one that draws attention to the macro levels influencing health and health promotion, such as the social determinants of health, and the policies that impact them. The clear neo-liberal underpinnings, within the strategy, with a focus on productivity and labor market participation leave little room for an understanding of poverty reduction from a human rights perspective. Further, gender-neutrality rendered the poverty experienced by women, and mothers, invisible. Notably, there were a lack of deadlines, target dates, and thorough action and evaluation plans. Such absence troubles whether poverty reduction is truly a priority for the government, and society as a whole.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Expression of MicroRNAs Is Regulated by DNA Methylation in Hepatocarcinogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shen ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Abby B. Siegel ◽  
Helen Remotti ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Dna Hypermethylation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Wide Expression ◽  
Inactive Chromatin

Background.Previous studies, including ours, have examined the regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) by DNA methylation, but whether this regulation occurs at a genome-wide level in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear.Subjects/Methods.Using a two-phase study design, we conducted genome-wide screening for DNA methylation and miRNA expression to explore the potential role of methylation alterations in miRNAs regulation.Results.We found that expressions of 25 miRNAs were statistically significantly different between tumor and nontumor tissues and perfectly differentiated HCC tumor from nontumor. Six miRNAs were overexpressed, and 19 were repressed in tumors. Among 133 miRNAs with inverse correlations between methylation and expression, 8 miRNAs (6%) showed statistically significant differences in expression between tumor and nontumor tissues. Six miRNAs were validated in 56 additional paired HCC tissues, and significant inverse correlations were observed for miR-125b and miR-199a, which is consistent with the inactive chromatin pattern found in HepG2 cells.Conclusion.These data suggest that the expressions of miR-125b and miR-199a are dramatically regulated by DNA hypermethylation that plays a key role in hepatocarcinogenesis.

An Exploration of the Quality of Peer Review Group Activities within Australasia

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadie Robertson ◽  
Gordon Parker ◽  
Simon Byrne ◽  
Murray Wright
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Practice Model ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Review Group ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Peer Review Groups

Objective: To describe a two-phase study of the structure of Australasian psychiatrist peer review groups. Method (Phase one): Initially, information was sought from chairskoordinators of psychiatrist peer review groups regarding the nature and organisation of their group. Results (Phase one): One hundred and three questionnaires were returned describing a number of models of peer review. Three principal models were identified: a teaching hospital model, a private practice model, and a private institution model. Method (Phase two): The second-phase questionnaire sought information on the quality of the review, using six proposed standards developed by the Quality Assurance Committee of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists. Results (Phase two): Many groups indicated that four of the proposed standards (those relating to documentation, having clear goals, reviewing actual clinical cases, and rigorous protection of confidentiality) were either already being followed or would be relatively easy to implement. The remaining two proposed standards (including structure, process and outcome dimensions of health care in the case discussion, and the use of explicit criteria) presented more difficulty. Conclusion: The application of such standards to peer review group meetings should assist groups to provide a forum for presentation and evaluation of clinical work where participants know they will be challenged in an environment which is both supportive and educational.

scholarly journals Exploring the use of self-assessment to facilitate health students’ generic skills development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Mahbub Sarkar ◽  
Simone Gibson ◽  
Nazmul Karim ◽  
Dakota Rhys-Jones ◽  
Dragan Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
The Self ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Generic Skills ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Group Interviews

Employability skills for health graduates, and many disciplines within higher education, are considered vital to maximising their capacity to cope with the rapidly changing, uncertain and highly competitive labour market. Despite the increasing importance of developing generic skills for employability, there is a dearth of knowledge about how to support health students to develop generic skills as part of their formal education. The main objective of this two-phase study was to engage health students in the process of self-assessment of their generic skills and explore the potential of this process to facilitate their generic skills development. The first phase of this study engaged students in completing a self- assessment questionnaire, incorporating a validated set of industry-demanded skills with associated behaviours. In the second phase a subsection of respondents participated in focus group interviews that explored their perception of the self-assessment process in generic skills development. Students viewed themselves as having some capabilities to perform the generic skills, as well as their university studies contributing to the development of these skills. The qualitative data found that the self-assessment process prompted students to reflect on their abilities and further engage with developing these skills. This study supports the evidence for contextualising and embedding a process of self-assessment of generic skills into the formal curricula to help better prepare health students for their future work.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF EQ MODULE FOR INTERVENING TEACHERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syafrimen Syafril ◽  
Noriah Mohd. Ishak ◽  
Siti Rahayah Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods

The purpose of this study is to develop the EQ module to help improve emotional intelligence teachers. Explanatory mixed methods designs were utilized in the method section. This was a two-phase study which started by an observation study involving 112 teachers to decide the EQ co-competency that needed intervention. Furthermore, this study also utilized a case study (n= 32 working professionals) and document analysis (n= 12 documents), to decide the methods and usefulness of the module in developing a valid co-competency. The data for the first phase were collected using an EQ instrument (IKEM/MEQI), and was analyzed using the SPSS softwares. Whereas the data from the second phase were collected through an in-depth interview, group interview and document analysis, which were then analyzed using the NVivo 2 and NVivo 7softwares. The findings of the first phase showed that there are 11 EQ competencies that needed intervention (emotioanal awareness, Accurate Self-Assessment, self confidence, honesty, self controll, Trustworthiness, achievement drive, Undertanding others, developing others, influence, conflict managemet). The case studies also showed that there are certain methods to increase those 11 EQ competencies. The result of both phases were used as the foundation to develop an EQ module which was the main objective of this study. All of those competencies has been trained for 4 days using the newly developed EQ module. The result of the study showed that there are improvements on those 11 EQ competencies. Training participants also said that they had fun in the training using the newly developed EQ module.

Survival estimation in two-phase cohort studies with application to biomarkers evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2895-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Rebora ◽  
Maria Grazia Valsecchi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Survival Estimation ◽  
Predictive Role

Two-phase studies are attractive for their economy and efficiency in research settings where large cohorts are available for investigating the prognostic and predictive role of novel genetic and biological factors. In this type of study, information on novel factors is collected only in a convenient subcohort (phase II) drawn from the cohort (phase I) according to a given (optimal) sampling strategy. Estimation of survival in the subcohort needs to account for the design. The Kaplan–Meier method, based on counts of events and of subjects at risk in time, must be applied accounting, with suitable weights, for the sampling probabilities of the subjects in phase II, in order to recover the representativeness of the subcohort for the entire cohort. The authors derived a proper variance estimator of survival by linearization. The proposed method is applied in the context of a two-phase study on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which was planned in order to evaluate the role of genetic polymorphisms on treatment failure due to relapse. The method has shown satisfactory performance through simulations under different scenarios, including the case–control setting, and proved to be useful for describing results in the clinical example.

scholarly journals The Impact of Age on Negative Emotional Reactions, Compliance With Health Guidelines, and Knowledge About the Virus During the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Longitudinal Study From Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272098154
Author(s):  
Inbar Levkovich
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
The Impact

In a longitudinal study we examined the impact of age on negative emotional reactions, compliance with health guidelines and knowledge about the virus during the COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 2509 people participated in a two-phase study: 1424 participants in the first phase (March 12-21) and 1085 participants in the second phase (April 23 to May 5). Age was categorized into 4 groups: age 18 to 30, age 31 to 40, age 41 to 50, and age 51 and over. In the first and second phase, compliance with health guidelines was highest among participants over the age of 50. Knowledge was significantly higher in the second phase than in the first among participants over age 50 and those between the ages of 40 and 50. In the second phase, knowledge did not differ by age group. Negative emotional reactions were significantly higher in the first phase than in the second. Moreover, negative emotional reactions were higher among participants up to age 30 than among all other participants. Perceived susceptibility did not differ by phase or by age group. The paper underscores the impact of age during the COVID-19 epidemic and points to the necessity of taking the needs of different age groups into consideration.

scholarly journals Two-phase model of the basal ganglia: implications for discontinuous control of the motor system

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1655) ◽  
pp. 20130489 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lisman
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Action Selection ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Single Action ◽  
Eligibility Trace

In this article, I point out that simple one-phase models of the role of the basal ganglia in action selection have a problem. Furthermore, I suggest a solution with major implications for the organization of the action-selection and motor systems. In current models, the striatum evaluates multiple potential actions by adding biases based on previous conditioning. These biases may arise in both the direct (bias for) and indirect (bias against) pathways. Together, these biases influence which action is ultimately chosen. For efficient conditioning to occur, a positive outcome must selectively strengthen the striatal bias for the chosen action (via a dopaminergic mechanism). This is problematic, however, because all potential action choices have influenced firing patterns in striatal cells during the selection process; it is therefore unclear how the synapses that represent the chosen plan could be selectively strengthened. I suggest a simple solution in which the striatum has two functional phases. In the first phase, the basal ganglia provide biases for multiple potential actions (using both the direct and indirect pathways), leading to the choice of a single action in the cortex. In the second phase, an efference copy of the chosen action is sent to the striatum, where it contributes to the establishment of the eligibility trace for that action. This trace, when acted on by subsequent dopaminergic reinforcement, leads to specific strengthening of the bias only for the chosen action. Consistent with this model, recordings show post-choice imposition onto the striatum of signals corresponding to the chosen action. The existence of dual phases of basal ganglia function implies that decisions about action choice are sent to the motor system in a discontinuous manner. This would not be problematic if the motor system also operated discontinuously. I will review evidence suggesting that this is the case, notably that action is organized by approximately 10 Hz oscillations.

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