Torque vectoring system design for hybrid electric–all wheel drive vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 2680-2692
Author(s):  
Jeongmin Cho ◽  
Kunsoo Huh
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Handling Performance ◽  
Tire Force ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Torque Vectoring ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Driver’S Intention

A torque vectoring system is designed for the hybrid electric–all wheel drive vehicle where the front and rear wheels are powered by the combustion engine and electric motors, respectively. The vehicle provides enhanced handling performance by a twin motor drive unit that can distribute the driving and regenerative braking torques to the rear-left and rear-right wheels independently. Based on the driver’s intention, a sliding mode controller is designed to calculate the desired traction force and yaw moment for the vehicle. The force distribution between the front and rear axles is investigated considering the principle of the friction circle, and characteristics of the engine and drive motors. The vertical tire force is estimated using the random walk Kalman filter for the proportional distribution between the front and rear longitudinal forces. For the torque distribution between the rear-left and rear-right wheels, an optimization problem is formulated by considering the constraints of the friction circle and motor characteristics. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in a simulation environment first by reflecting the characteristics of the hybrid electric–all wheel drive modules. Then, the test vehicle is utilized to validate the handling performance experimentally and to compare with the uncontrolled cases.

A Research on Anti-Slip Regulation for 4WD Electric Vehicle with In-Wheel Motors

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 753-757
Author(s):  
Li Zhou ◽  
Lu Xiong ◽  
Zhuo Ping Yu
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Wheel Slip ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Tire Force ◽  
Optimal Slip Ratio ◽  
Electrical Vehicle

This paper proposes a wheel slip control strategy for 4WD Electrical Vehicle with In-wheel Motors. In the first part of this paper, a brief introduction of sliding mode control for acceleration slip regulation is given. Consider that its control effect varies with road conditions, another algorithm which can automatically adapt to different roads is designed. This method takes advantage of the peculiarity of the longitudinal static tire force curve and regulates wheel slip ratio to the detected optimal value, aiming to maximize the traction force while preserving sufficient lateral tire force. Simulation results show that the slip rate can be regulated to a value around the optimal slip ratio, and the driving torque is very close to the maximum transmissible torque. The control strategy achieves stronger stability, shorter driving distance and hence better control performance.

A Torque Vectoring Control System for Maneuverability Improvement of 4WD EV

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 899-903
Author(s):  
Yi He Gan ◽  
Lu Xiong ◽  
Yuan Feng ◽  
Felix Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Handling Performance ◽  
Yaw Rate ◽  
Model Following ◽  
Torque Vectoring

This paper studies the improvement of the handling performance of 4WD EV driven by in-wheel motors under regular driving conditions. Fundamentally the structure of torque vectoring control (TVC) system for handling control consists of two control layers. The upper layer is a model following controller which makes the vehicle follow the desired yaw rate limited by the side slip angle and lateral acceleration. The torque distribution constitutes the lower layer. Several simulations based on veDYNA/Simulink are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the control system. It is clarified that the control system exhibits satisfactory performance in both open and closed loop maneuvers and the agility of the electric vehicle is improved.

scholarly journals A driver model–based direct yaw moment controller for in-wheel motor electric vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 168781401987731
Author(s):  
Qiguang Wang ◽  
Ye Zhuang ◽  
Jiannan Wei ◽  
Konghui Guo
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Yaw Rate ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Control Set ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Driver’S Intention ◽  
Yaw Moment

In this article, a driver model–based direct yaw moment controller, selected as the upper controller, is developed, of which the control target is determined through a reference driver model in accordance with the driver’s intention. The sliding surface is chosen by the difference between the desired yaw rate and the real output yaw rate. Then, the desired yaw moment is calculated by the sliding mode control. In the lower controller, a novel control torque distribution strategy is designed based on the analysis of the tire characteristics. In addition, an admissible control set of the control torques is calculated in real time through an embedded tire model “UniTire.” Finally, a driver-in-the-loop experiment, via the driving simulator, is conducted to verify the proposed direct yaw moment controller.

Vehicle Dynamics Control of eAWD Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Slip Ratio Optimization and Allocation

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Velazquez Alcantar ◽  
Francis Assadian ◽  
Ming Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Handling Characteristics ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Torque Vectoring ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Ratio Optimization

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) offer improved fuel efficiency compared to their conventional counterparts at the expense of adding complexity and at times, reduced total power. As a result, HEV generally lack the dynamic performance that customers enjoy. To address this issue, the paper presents a HEV with electric all-wheel drive (eAWD) capabilities via the use of a torque vectoring electric rear axle drive (TVeRAD) unit to power the rear axle. The addition of TVeRAD to a front wheel drive HEV improves the total power output. To further improve the handling characteristics of the vehicle, the TVeRAD unit allows for wheel torque vectoring (TV) at the rear axle. A bond graph model of the proposed drivetrain model is developed and used in cosimulation with carsim. The paper proposes a control system, which utilizes slip ratio optimization to allocate control to each tire. The optimization algorithm is used to obtain optimal slip ratio targets to at each tire such that the targets avoid tire saturation. The Youla parameterization technique is used to develop robust tracking controllers for each axle. The proposed control system is ultimately tested on the drivetrain model with a high fidelity carsim vehicle model for validation. Simulation results show that the control system is able to maximize vehicle longitudinal performance while avoiding tire saturation on a low μ surface. More importantly, the control system is able to track the desired yaw moment request on a high-speed double-lane change (DLC) maneuver through the use of the TVeRAD to improve the handling characteristic of the vehicle.

Stirling system optimization for series hybrid electric vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110180
Author(s):  
Charbel R Ghanem ◽  
Elio N Gereige ◽  
Wissam S Bou Nader ◽  
Charbel J Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
External Combustion

There have been many studies conducted to replace the conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) with a more efficient engine, due to increasing regulations over vehicles’ emissions. Throughout the years, several external combustion engines were considered as alternatives to these traditional ICEs for their intrinsic benefits, among which are Stirling machines. These were formerly utilized in conventional powertrains; however, they were not implemented in hybrid vehicles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of implementing a Stirling engine in a series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) to substitute the ICE. Exergy analysis was conducted on a mathematical model, which was developed based on a real simple Stirling, to pinpoint the room for improvements. Then, based on this analysis, other configurations were retrieved to reduce exergy losses. Consequently, a Stirling-SHEV was modeled, to be integrated as auxiliary power unit (APU). Hereafter, through an exergo-technological detailed selection, the best configuration was found to be the Regenerative Reheat two stages serial Stirling (RRe-n2-S), offering the best efficiency and power combination. Then, this configuration was compared with the Regenerative Stirling (R-S) and the ICE in terms of fuel consumption, in the developed SHEV on the WLTC. This was performed using an Energy Management Strategy (EMS) consisting of a bi-level optimization technique, combining the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) with the Dynamic Programming (DP). This arrangement is used to diminish the fuel consumption, while considering the reduction of the APU’s ON/OFF switching times, avoiding technical issues. Results prioritized the RRe-n2-S presenting 12.1% fuel savings compared to the ICE and 14.1% savings compared to the R-S.

scholarly journals A New Torque Distribution Control for Four-Wheel Independent-Drive Electric Vehicles

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Dejun Yin ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Jinjian Du ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Jia-Sheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Handling Performance ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Tire Forces ◽  
Yaw Moment ◽  
New Distribution

Torque distribution control is a key technique for four-wheel independent-drive electric vehicles because it significantly affects vehicle stability and handling performance, especially under extreme driving conditions. This paper, which focuses on the global yaw moment generated by both the longitudinal and the lateral tire forces, proposes a new distribution control to allocate driving torques to four-wheel motors. The proposed objective function not only minimizes the longitudinal tire usage, but also make increased use of each tire to generate yaw moment and achieve a quicker yaw response. By analysis and a comparison with prior torque distribution control, the proposed control approach is shown to have better control performance in hardware-in-the-loop simulations.

Powertrain Matching Based on Driving Cycle for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle

2013 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang An Gao ◽  
Xi Ming Wang ◽  
Hong Wen He ◽  
Hong Qiang Guo ◽  
Heng Lu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV) is one of the most efficient technologies to solve the problems of the energy shortage and the air pollution caused by the internal-combustion engine vehicles, and its performance strongly depends on the powertrains’ matching and its energy control strategy. The theoretic matching method only based on the theoretical equation of kinetic equilibrium, which is a traditional method, could not take fully use of the advantages of FCHEV under a certain driving cycle because it doesn’t consider the target driving cycle. In order to match the powertrain that operates more efficiently under the target driving cycle, the matching method based on driving cycle is studied. The powertrain of a fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB) is matched, modeled and simulated on the AVL CRUISE. The simulation results show that the FCHEB has remarkable power performance and fuel economy.

Research on Torque Distribution Strategy for ISG Hybrid Electric Cars

2012 ◽  
Vol 546-547 ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Wang ◽  
Hai Xing Zhang ◽  
Shu Cai Yang ◽  
Yong Qin Zhou ◽  
Jin Fa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Distribution Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Car ◽  
Total Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Minimum Work

Based on the configuration and working state analysis of the ISG hybrid electric cars, the torque distribution strategy of a hybrid system is designed to delineate the maximum and minimum work torque curves of the engine, achieve optimization of engine’s range so as to make sure the target torque of the engine and ISG motor, and finally through the calibrated driving characteristics MAP and battery SOC state to achieve the calculation of total vehicle torque demand. Taking the Hafei Saibao ISG hybrid car as a test model, the test of fuel economy and emissions carried out under specific conditions showed that using the torque distribution strategy has increased by 12.8 % of the ISG hybrid car fuel economy and improved emissions performance to some extent compared to the traditional Hafei Saibao cars.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document