Emission profiling of a common rail direct injection diesel engine fueled with hydrocarbon fuel extracted from waste high density polyethylene as a partial replacement for diesel with some modifications

2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2094287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulandaivel Duraisamy ◽  
Rahamathullah Ismailgani ◽  
Sathiyagnanam Amudhavalli Paramasivam ◽  
Gopal Kaliyaperumal ◽  
Damodharan Dillikannan
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
High Density ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Smoke Opacity

A hydrocarbon fuel extracted from waste high-density polyethylene (WHDPE) by catalytic pyrolysis in a batch scale reactor is blended with diesel by 30% vol. (called as D70H30) is tested in a variable compression ratio engine equipped with a common rail system. Experiments were conducted at three compression ratios (16:1, 17.5:1, and 19:1) and exhaust gas re-circulation (EGR) rates (0%, 10%, and 20%) at the engine’s rated power to evaluate its combustion, performance and emission characteristics. The results revealed that, increasing the compression ratio resulted in higher peak cylinder pressure (PCP) and heat release rates (HRR). Introduction of EGR diminished both PCP and HRR peaks. The brake thermal efficiency of D70H30 blend was 4% lower than diesel at same operating conditions which got better at higher compression ratio without EGR. NOx emission was highest when injected at compression ratio 19:1 and at 0% EGR rate which was 6% and 3% higher than diesel and D70H30 blend operated at engine stock settings. In comparison with baseline diesel smoke opacity remained lower at all operating conditions, where lowest smoke emission was recorded at CR19 and at 0% EGR rate. UHC and CO emission followed the similar trend of smoke opacity. Whereas CO2 emission increased with compression ratio and reduced with induction of EGR. It can be concluded from the study that at higher compression ratio and low EGR rates D70H30 blend can be effectively utilized in a CRDi engine.

Study of Fuel Injection Quantity Fluctuation in High Pressure Common Rail System in Entire Operating Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 1048-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Qi Tian ◽  
Li Yun Fan ◽  
Xiu Zhen Ma ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Hong Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Valve Lift ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Injection Quantity ◽  
High Pressure Common Rail

Variations in high pressure common rail (HPCR) system characteristic parameters influence injection characteristics and lead to fluctuation of fuel injection quantity (FIQ). The fuel injection quantity fluctuation (FIQF) has adverse affects both on coherence and stability of HPCR system. Numerical simulation model of HPCR has been developed and its accuracy has been validated by experimental results. Influence law and generation mechanism of FIQF caused by variations of different parameters such as fuel return pressure, solenoid reset force, control valve lift, fuel return orifice (A orifice) diameter, fuel inlet orifice (Z orifice) diameter, injector needle lift, needle pre-tightening force and injector flow coefficient in entire operating conditions have been analyzed.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Exhaust Pollutant on a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operated Using Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7071
Author(s):  
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽  
Haris Mehmood Khan ◽  
T. M. Yunus Khan ◽  
Luqman Razzaq ◽  
Tahir Asif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Oil ◽  
Smoke Opacity

In this investigation, biodiesel was produced from Moringa oleifera oil through a transesterification process at operating conditions including a reaction temperature of 60 °C, catalyst concentration of 1% wt., reaction time of 2 h, stirring speed of 1000 rpm and methanol to oil ratio of 8.50:1. Biodiesel blends, B10 and B20, were tested in a compression ignition engine, and the performance and emission characteristics were analyzed and compared with high-speed diesel. The engine was operated at full load conditions with engine speeds varying from 1000 rpm to 2400 rpm. All the performance and exhaust pollutants results were collected and analyzed. It was found that MOB10 produced lower BP (7.44%), BSFC (7.51%), and CO2 (7.7%). The MOB10 also reduced smoke opacity (24%) and HC (10.27%). Compared to diesel, MOB10 also increased CO (2.5%) and NOx (9%) emissions.

scholarly journals FORECAST EVALUATION OF POSSIBLE VALUES OF FUEL INJECTION PRESSURE OF COMMON RAIL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ivanov ◽  
Aleksandr Semenov ◽  
Vladislav Gavrilov ◽  
Aleksey Novikov ◽  
M. Volhonov
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Analytical Dependence ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Rail System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fuel Injection Pressure

In engineering practice, forecasting is considered to be the most effective methods for assessing reliability indicators and determining expected technical and economic indicators, taking into account the technical level of improving the diesel power system. The solution of such problems requires a description of changes in the parameters of objects at different points in time. The purpose of the research is to predict the possible values of the fuel injection pressure of the Common Rail system for the near future for the timely creation of operating conditions, maintenance and repair measures. A statistical method was used to predict changes in the fuel injection pressure in the diesel power system. The forecasting technique included the stages of analyzing the initial information, choosing the analytical dependence of the change in the considered parameter in the past, extrapolating the resulting dependence for the forecast period and evaluating the results. The choice of analytical dependences of changes in the estimated pressure value was carried out by the method of least squares. The degree of connection between the considered analytical dependence and the line constructed from the initial data was determined by the value of the correlation coefficient. As the technical, economic and environmental requirements become more stringent, the requirements for the power supply system of internal combustion engines are growing, which necessitates an increase in the functionality of the fuel equipment, primarily in terms of the value of the fuel injection pressure. The paper considers the results of a predictive assessment of possible values of injection pressure of the Common Rail fuel system. The results of the study make it possible to predict an increase in the fuel injection pressure of the Common Rail system by 2026 up to 300 MPa. To ensure high indicators of technical readiness of the enterprises of technical service of diesel fuel equipment, it is necessary to take into account possible changes in the values of the fuel injection pressure in the future

Catalytic co-pyrolysis of waste vegetable oil and high density polyethylene for hydrocarbon fuel production

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunpu Wang ◽  
Leilei Dai ◽  
Liangliang Fan ◽  
Leipeng Cao ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Waste Vegetable Oil

Performance and Emission of a Common Rail Passenger Car Engine Fuelled with Palm Oil Biodiesel

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
M. Adlan Abdullah ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
Masjuki Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Palm Oil Biodiesel ◽  
Injection Strategies

This study investigated the effects of palm oil methyl ester biodiesel blends on a common rail passenger car engine in terms of performance, oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and smoke emissions. Up to 40% biodiesel blend was used in this study. As expected, running on biodiesel reduces full load torque and power. The fuel consumption increased up to 10%, particularly at part loads. On the other hand, the thermal efficiency only exhibit small difference between the fuels. As much as 46% reduction in smoke emissions was observed at 40% biodiesel content. The NOx emission was shown to be slightly increased under certain operating conditions at part loads, while showing reduction at other conditions. In general, biodiesel showed more significant effects on the performance and emissions at part load conditions. Thus, low and medium speed/load region was proposed as an area where improvement by injection strategies optimization can be made.

Composition and Surface Topography Effects on Apatite-Forming Ability of Ceramic-Polymer Composites

2003 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Rea ◽  
Serena M. Best ◽  
William Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Apatite Layer ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Polyethylene Matrix ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
X Ray

AbstractHAPEXTM (40 vol% hydroxyapatite in a high-density polyethylene matrix) and AWPEX (40 vol% apatite-wollastonite glass ceramic in a high density polyethylene matrix) are composites designed to provide bioactivity and to match the mechanical properties of human cortical bone. HAPEXTM has had clinical success in middle ear and orbital implants, and there is great potential for further orthopaedic applications of these materials. However, more detailed in vitro investigations must be performed to better understand the biological interactions of the composites and so the bioactivity of each material was assessed in this study. Specifically, the effects of controlled surface topography and ceramic filler composition on apatite layer formation in acellular simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentration similar to those of human blood plasma were examined. Samples were prepared as 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 mm tiles with polished, roughened, or parallel-grooved surface finishes, and were incubated in 20 ml of SBF at 36.5 °C for 1, 3, 7, or 14 days. The formation of a biologically active apatite layer on the composite surface after immersion was demonstrated by thin-film x-ray diffraction (TF-XRD), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) imaging and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. Variations in sample weight and solution pH over the period of incubation were also recorded. Significant differences were found between the two materials tested, with greater bioactivity in AWPEX than HAPEXTM overall. Results also indicate that within each material the surface topography is highly important, with rougher samples correlated to earlier apatite formation.

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