scholarly journals Insertion as an alternative to workfare: Active labour-market schemes in the Parisian suburbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Schulte ◽  
Ian Greer ◽  
Charles Umney ◽  
Graham Symon ◽  
Katia Iankova
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Network Control ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Government Power ◽  
Active Labour

Many governments have tightened the link between welfare and work by attaching conditionality to out-of-work benefits, extending these requirements to new client groups and imposing market competition and greater managerial control in service delivery – principles typically characterized as ‘workfare’. Based on field research in Seine-Saint-Denis, we examine French ‘ insertion’ schemes aimed at disadvantaged but potentially job-ready clients, characterized by weak conditionality, low marketization, strong professional autonomy and local network control. We show that insertion systems have resisted policy attempts to expand workfare-derived principles, reflecting street-level actors’ belief in the key advantages of the former over the latter. In contrast with arguments stressing institutional and cultural stickiness, our explanation for this resistance thus highlights the decentralized network governance of front-line services and the limits to central government power.

Forms of participation and teacher voice. Self-appraisal in Academy schools.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brown
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Teacher Voice ◽  
Teacher Interviews ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Professional Conflicts

Since 2010, privatisation of English state funded schools has accelerated. This is an educational policy that continues to shift accountability for effective teaching away from central government and local authorities towards schools and individual teachers. New models of network governance continue to exacerbate old tensions between ideas of professional accountability and contractual accountability. In this context quality assurance mechanisms have displaced opportunities for personal development and job satisfaction.The phenomenon of participation has been conceptualised here as teacher voice and as the means of reducing professional conflicts in secondary schools. This discussion draws on empirical evidence from teacher interviews and teacher self-appraisal submissions in order to answer the question, ‘What are teachers’ experiences of participation in their performance appraisal in English Academy schools?’, where ‘evaluation has become an embedded practice giving less room to local actors’ (Kauko and Salokangas, 2015). Voice is described with reference to reflective writing for self-appraisal. Institutional forgetting is described in relation to reductions in professional dialogue and professional autonomy. Keywordsprivatization, self-appraisal, participation, voice, active, passive, compliance, non-compliance, forgetting, knowledge, stratification, separation, compartmentalization

scholarly journals Water tourism conflict resolution through good governance (story from Indonesia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Zaini Rohmad ◽  
Agung Nur Probohudono ◽  
Waskito Widi Wardojo ◽  
Agung Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Data Sampling ◽  
The Government

This paper discuss good governance model for conflict resolution around water tourism area in Indonesia. This paper developed structural factors that influence water tourism such as the population, economic development, regional generated revenue, real-time sector revenue, poverty rates, and water management which is the focus of the study affected the rising of the water conflict. This study is field research qualitative study. The objects in this research are water tourism stakeholders which are composed of three different water tourism management in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia, namely Grojogan Sewu, Jumog and Peblengan. This study conducted in Karanganyar as a district that has a natural beauty with huge potential to further develop its natural attractions. The data sampling is done by observation and interview. From the result of this study it can be concluded that (1) there needs to be a clear explanation for the villagers near the water tourism area that the natural resources of water needs to be preserved and used moderately ; (2) a communication needs to be established between the stakeholders and those using the water resource, for the sake of the villagers’ welfare as well as the economic improvement; (3) the government, both the regional government as well as the central government need to make regulation to keep the condition of the nature without ignoring the possibility of conflict ensuing because of water usage by the villagers; (4) increasing the role of the villagers in managing the water resource so that there will be no prolonged conflict in the future.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN QANUN ACEH DI KOTA SUBULUSSALAM: Kajian Atas Qanun No. 12, 13 Dan 14 Tahun 2003

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Geno Berutu
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Political Consolidation

his Research proves that the implementation of Aceh Qanun No. 12, 13 and 14 Year 2003 on Khama r, M a i s i r , and Khalwat in Subulussalam is not completely worked well, because in addition to legal issues qanuns, most have efforts political consolidation of the central government and local government. This thesis supports and strengthens the conclusion Michail Buehrel in this article entitled “The Rise of Sharia by Laws in Indonesia District an Indication For Changing Patterns of Power Accumulation and Political Corruption ” (2008) who found the formulization of Islamic Law in the region is political consolidation instrument for exploring the local government, especially financially in building. Buehler did not even find a conservative movement in the imposition of Islamic Law in the area. This research also support M.B Hooker’s opinion in his work entitled Indonesian Syariah : Defining a National School of Islamic Law, (2008)which states that in legislative process of Islamic law in aceh. There are many obstacles and barriers , because the Sharia Law to be applied must necessarily correspond with the system national law, while the central government to add more breadth of autonomy for Aceh in the part of Islamic Law to legislate in the part of law qanuns jina>na>t . This thesis does not agree with the conclusion of Harold Crouch in his work The Recent Resurgence of Political Islam in Indonesia, “ Islam In Southeast Asi a: Analysing Recent Development” , ed. Anthony L. Smith, (Singapore: ISEAS, 2002) as saying that the barrage history of failure of Islamic parties in order to implement Islamic Law-making opportunities for the application of Islamic Law in Indonesia did not exist. Crouch’s opinion just say that the application of Islamic Law to be in the sense of establishing an Islamic State. Data obtained from field research (field research) with qualitative methods and approach the socio - legal - historical . The primary data of the document and the results wawancara and field observations. Primary data in the form of documents are: Law No. 44 In 1999, Law No. 18 of 2001, Law No. 11 In 2006, Qanun 5 In 2000, Qanun No. 12, 13, 14, 2003, Qanun 7 In 2013, Qanun 6 In 2014 and Qanun 8 Year 2014. The primary data in the form of interviews and observations sourced from: Office of Islamic Law (DSI), the Wilayatul Hisbah (WH), the Court Syar'iyah (MS), the Police, the Mufti Consultative Assembly (MPU), the Aceh Tradition Council (MAA). Secondary data in the form of: 1) the books on Islamic law, sociology and anthropology of law, the historical development of Islam in Indonesia; 2) journals and other scholarly works that examine the rules of Islamic law, the application of Islamic law, social and Community; 3) as well as other sources such relevant, scientific papers, websites, newspapers, magazines and others

4. How the UK is organised

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-99
Author(s):  
Anne Dennett
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
National Security ◽  
Central Government ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Government Power ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk

This chapter details how power is allocated in the UK, and its organisation in terms of devolution and regional and local government. Power in the UK is divided into three branches or arms of state: legislature (law-makers), executive (government and administration), and judiciary (courts and judges). Before devolution, the government’s (executive’s) administrative power was centralised and it extended to the whole of the UK, but devolution has made significant changes to the constitution and has brought a substantial rebalancing of power in the government of the UK. Since devolution’s introduction, the power of central government no longer extends to the growing areas of domestic policy that have been devolved to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The UK government’s remit therefore now covers England and the whole of the UK on non-devolved matters including the conduct of foreign affairs, defence, national security, and oversight of the Civil Service and government agencies.

scholarly journals The Greater Bay Area (GBA) Development Strategy and Its Relevance to Higher Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 209653112096446
Author(s):  
Ailei Xie ◽  
Gerard A. Postiglione ◽  
Qian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

Purpose: This article provides a policy review of the Greater Bay Area (GBA) development strategies and their relevance to higher education. Design/Approach/Methods: This article reviews key GBA policies adopted by the central government of China and interprets higher education cooperation policies at provincial and national levels before discussing the opportunities and challenges for higher education. Findings: The GBA Development Strategy aims to build an integrated, innovative, and internationalized economy. It presents an opportunity for universities to attract new funding opportunities as well as to prepare graduates to play a key role in the GBA. The shift toward a high-tech service-led economy would hinge upon creating an effective partnerships platform between industry and higher education institutions. To do so would require greater institutional and professional autonomy for the academic research enterprises. There is also a need for evidence-based policies by the Central and GBA regional governments. Originality/Value: The article examines the state of the relationship between GBA strategies and higher education cooperation. It can be used to guide policies to promote higher education cooperation in the GBA in a more integrated, innovative, and internationalized way.

scholarly journals (A1) The May 12, 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: A Primer on China's Emergency Responses and Recovery Planning

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s1-s1 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Svirchev ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
L. Yan ◽  
C. He ◽  
M.B. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
National Level ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Intervention Teams

BackgroundThis presentation summarizes our ongoing hybrid sociological-geological field research into the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. In this extreme geo-disaster, mortality was 69,226, with 274,643 injuries, and 17,923 missing. The human toll was accompanied by significant destruction of the natural environment and the economy, estimated at US$ 176 billion. A 300 km long surface rupture occurred in the Longmen Mountains along its margin with the Sichuan Basin.DiscussionThis disaster was caused by the relationships among (1) towns built in on or in proximity to fault lines, (2) the low earthquake-resistance of residences, schools and hospitals, and other buildings, and (3) the concentration of population distributed along rivers lying below steep-sloped mountains. Mortality and devastation were compounded by post-earthquake landslides. The Chinese central government started a national-level response within 2 hours, upgrading it to the highest national emergency level within 10 hours. Most lives were saved by local people. Military rescue units were activated within minutes of the earthquake, and regional militia, local and provincial units such as the Sichuan Seismological Bureau self-activated immediately. By day-two, 20,000 rescue and engineering soldiers had been deployed. Over 15 large medical treatment, epidemic prevention, and psychological intervention teams responded and more than 10 million volunteers took part in relief activities. In spite of mobilization of the nation's resources, emergency relief was frustrated by formidable obstacles such as cloud cover, a destroyed ground transportation network, loss of communication, and continued geo-hazards in the form of landslide-dammed rivers which threatened large downstream urban centers. Expert national planning for recovery began five days post-earthquake; the plan was promulgated by national law in September, 2008. By the second anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake, most school and residential construction was completed in earthquake-resistant areas.

scholarly journals The Implementation of South Sumatera Industrial Downstreaming for Rubber Products Strategic Policy with The Establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sari Mutiara Aisyah ◽  
M. Yustian Yusa ◽  
Nur Aslamiah Supli ◽  
OK.Mohammad Fajar Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Special Economic Zone ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
Economic Zone

The downstreaming option to provide added value to local industries, especially developing countries in the Global Value Chain (GVC) era as a way to increase competitiveness and seizing global markets, is inevitable. This paper focus on the analysis of the developments and limitations faced in the implementation of the Strategic Policy of South Sumatra Rubber Product Downstreaming with the establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone. At the regional level, the idea of developing SEZ (Special Economic Zone) aims to prepare investment institutions in improving the investment climate in Southeast Asia region and manifesting ASEAN as a single market and production base as a component of the 2015 ASEAN Economic Community. This study used an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, where the depth and context of the data are important. Data from this study consisted of secondary data through literature study and analysis of documents and primary data obtained from interview as well as through field research. The author concludes that the industrial downstreaming of rubber products in South Sumatra has not been maximally carried out, it was still segmented, it was not conducted linearly, both production and coordination between the central government and the locals. Tanjung Api-Api SEZ as a hub for international trade and industrialization of rubber commodities also encountered various obstacles including infrastructure (deep sea port) at this point was inadequate, certainty of fiscal incentives for companies relocating to SEZ and licensing.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KOTA SURABAYA DALAM PENUMBUHAN BUDAYA BACA DI KALANGAN PELAJAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Hendrik ◽  
Lukman Solihin ◽  
Noviyanti Noviyanti ◽  
Indah Pratiwi ◽  
Kaisar Julizar
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Literacy Programs ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Literacy Events ◽  
The People ◽  
Reading Interest

This article is aimed at describing the role of Surabaya City Administration in nurturing the culture of reading. Presevious studies show that literacy level in Indonesia is relatively low. Inspite of its achievement in eradicating illiteracy, Indonesia has not managed nurturing the culture of reading. In decentralization era, local governments (provincial and regency/city) have vital roles in policy making. They have wider spaces for innovations and creativities in developing their societies and regions, based on the authorities that the central government transferred to them. This context made it possible for the Surabaya City Administration to make policies supporting the nurturing of the culture of reading. This article is based on a field research using qualitative method conducted in Surabaya City. The data of the research resulted from interviews with relevant parties, they are personnel of the Office of Educational Affairs of Surabaya City and the Board of Archive and Library of Surabaya City, and also desk studies. The findings of the research show that in the middle of limited policy instruments available for nurturing literacy, especially nurturing the culture of reading, Surabaya City Administration declared itself as a “city of literacy”, followed by many policies supporting the development of literacy. Those policies are the issuance of literacy-supporting regulations, synergy among related government agencies, human resources development, implementation of literacy events, and education ecosystem envionment. The result of the policies is the increase in the reading interest of the people supported by sustainable literacy programs.

scholarly journals How Human Rights Cross-Pollinate and Take Root: Local Governments and Refugees in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-157
Author(s):  
Elif Durmuş
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Refugee Policies ◽  
Failure To Protect ◽  
Central Government Agencies

AbstractThe human rights regime—as law, institutions and practice—has been facing criticism for decades regarding its effectiveness, particularly in terms of unsatisfactory overall implementation and the failure to protect the most vulnerable who do not enjoy the protection of their States: refugees. Turkey is the country hosting the largest refugee population, with around four million at the end of May 2020 (https://www.unhcr.org/tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2020/06/UNHCR-Turkey-Operational-Update-May-2020.pdf). As an administratively centralised country, Turkey’s migration policy is implemented by central government agencies, but this has not proved sufficient to guarantee the human rights of refugees on the ground. Meanwhile, in connection with urbanisation, decentralisation and globalisation, local governments around the world are receiving increasing attention from migration studies, political science, law, sociology and anthropology. In human rights scholarship, the localisation of human rights and the potential role of local governments have been presented as ways to counter the shortcomings in the effectiveness of the human rights regime and discourse. While local governments may have much untapped potential, a thorough analysis of the inequalities between local governments in terms of access to resources and opportunities is essential. The Turkish local governments which form the basis of this research, operate in a context of legal ambiguity concerning their competences and obligations in the area of migration. They also have to deal with large differences when it comes to resources and workload. In practice, therefore, there is extreme divergence amongst municipalities in the extent to which they engage with refugee policies. This chapter seeks to answer the question why and how certain local governments in Turkey come to proactively engage in policy-making that improves the realisation of refugees’ rights. Exploratory grounded field research among Turkish local governments reveals four main factors that enable and facilitate the engagement of local governments in refugee policies: (1) the capacity of and institutionalisation in local governments; (2) the dissemination of practices and norms surrounding good local migration and rights-based governance through networks; (3) the availability of cooperation and coordination with other actors in the field, and (4) political will. Collectively, these factors illustrate how a new norm—the norm that local governments can and ought to engage in policy-making improving the rights of refugees—is cross-pollinating and taking root among Turkish local governments. This understanding will provide valuable insights into how norms are developed, travel and are institutionalised within social and institutional networks, and how differences in access, capacity, political and cooperative opportunities may facilitate and obscure the path to policies improving human rights on the ground.

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