Modeling and characterization of the shape memory alloy–based morphing wing behavior using proposed rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii models

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Shakiba ◽  
Aghil Yousefi-Koma ◽  
Mehdi Jokar ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zakerzadeh ◽  
Hamid Basaeri
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Dead Zone ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Rate Dependency ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Hysteresis Behavior ◽  
Rate Dependent

Unique features of shape memory alloys make them a proper actuation choice in various control systems. However, their nonlinear hysteresis behavior negatively affects wide utilization of such materials in structure actuation. In this study, the frequency effect on the hysteresis behavior of a shape memory alloy–actuated structure is experimentally investigated, and also two proposed versions of rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii (modified rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii and revised modified rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii) are presented, which are capable of characterizing this phenomenon. Experimental results show that increasing excitation frequency leads to bigger hysteresis loops. It is also proven that rate-dependency cannot be predicted by generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii model. In addition, a comparison between the dead zone function-based rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii model as an only benchmark model and the proposed models have been done that proves the proposed models’ superiority. In addition, genetic algorithm is exploited to identify unknown parameters of all models. Trained models performance is also experimentally evaluated at different input frequencies. Comparison between simulation and experimental results indicates that the proposed models can reliably predict saturated, asymmetric, rate-dependent hysteresis behavior, and minor loops in shape memory alloy–embedded actuators.

Experimental characterization and control of a magnetic shape memory alloy actuator using the modified generalized rate-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii hysteresis model

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Shakiba ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zakerzadeh ◽  
Moosa Ayati
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy Actuator ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloy

In this article, two models are used, namely rate-independent and rate-dependent generalized Prandtl–Ishlinskii, to characterize a magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. The results show that the rate-independent model cannot consider the effect of input excitation frequency, while the rate-dependent model omits this drawback by defining a time-dependent operator. For the first time, the effects of excitation frequency on the hysteretic behavior of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator are investigated. In this study, five excitation voltages with different frequencies in the range of 0.05–0.4 Hz are utilized as inputs to the magnetic shape memory alloy actuator and the displacement outputs are measured. Experimental results indicate that, with increasing the excitation frequency, the size of the hysteresis loops changes. Since the generalized rate-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii model cannot consider the asymmetric hysteresis loops, in the developed model, a tangent hyperbolic function is applied as an envelope function in order to improve the capability of the model in characterizing the asymmetric behavior of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. The parameters of both rate-dependent and rate-independent models are identified by genetic algorithm optimization. The results reveal that the rate-independent form is not capable of accurately describing the hysteretic behavior of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator for different input frequencies. Simulation and experimental results also demonstrate the proficiency of the developed model for precise characterization of the saturated rate-dependent hysteresis loops of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. In addition, the proposed model is utilized for determining a proper range for controller coefficients during controller design.

Development of a frequency-dependent constitutive model for hysteresis of shape memory alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (12) ◽  
pp. 1535-1549
Author(s):  
Saeid Shakiba ◽  
Aghil Yousefi-Koma ◽  
Moosa Ayati
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Proposed Model

In this study, a constitutive model based on Liang-Rogers’s relations is developed to characterize the effect of the excitation frequency in the hysteresis of shape memory alloys. Shape memory alloys are good candidates as smart actuators because of their high strain and power density, although the complex hysteresis behavior barricades their usage. Although constitutive models are one of the most potent methods to predict the shape memory alloys behavior, they cannot consider the effect of excitation frequency in active applications. In this paper, the Liang-Rogers model is modified to consider this effect using a linear relation between the excitation frequency and martensite transformation temperatures. A shape memory alloy-driven actuator as a morphing wing is employed to characterize the frequency effect on shape memory alloy hysteresis. Experimental results show that the hysteresis is widened when the excitation frequency increases. The modeling results show that the original model significantly fails to predict the correct behavior when the frequency increases, whereas the proposed model can adequately handle the frequency effect on the behavior of the shape memory alloy-driven actuator.

Development of Hybrid Prandtl–Ishlinskii and Constitutive Models for Hysteresis of Shape-Memory-Alloy-Driven Actuators

Robotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Saeid Shakiba ◽  
Moosa Ayati ◽  
Aghil Yousefi-Koma
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Hysteresis Behavior ◽  
First Case

SUMMARY Prandtl–Ishlinskii (PI) model has an excellent compromise to characterize an asymmetric saturated hysteresis behavior of shape-memory-alloy (SMA)-driven systems, but it cannot consider thermomechanical relations between components of SMA-driven systems. On the other hand, constitutive models are composed of these relations, but their precision needs to be improved. In this paper, PI model is proposed to boost constitutive models in two cases. In the first case, PI model is used to characterize martensite volume fraction (MVF) called hybrid model. In the second case, the model is applied as a regulator in the output of a constitutive model called PI-based output (PIO) regulator. Due to simplicity and ability of Liang–Rogers (LR) model in transformation phases, it is considered as an MVF in the original constitutive model. The performance of both proposed models is compared with the original LR-based constitutive model. Unknown parameters of all three models are identified using genetic algorithm in MATLAB Toolbox. The performance of the three models is investigated at three different frequencies of \[\frac{{2\pi }}{8}\] , \[\frac{{2\pi }}{{15}}\] , and \[\frac{{2\pi }}{{30}}\] Hz because the excitation frequency changes the hysteresis behavior. Results show that the proposed hybrid model keeps the precision of the original constitutive model at different frequencies. In addition, the proposed PIO model shows the best performance to predict hysteresis behavior at different frequencies.

Rate-Dependent Damping Capacity of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 172-174 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jun He ◽  
Qing Ping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Rate Dependent

High damping capacity is one of the prominent properties of NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA), having applications in many engineering devices to reduce unwanted vibrations. Recent experiments demonstrated that, the hysteresis loop of the stress-strain curve of a NiTi strip/wire under a tensile loading-unloading cycle changed non-monotonically with the loading rate, i.e., a maximum damping capacity was obtained at an intermediate strain rate (ε.critical). This rate dependence is due to the coupling between the temperature dependence of material’s transformation stresses, latent-heat release/absorption in the forward/reverse phase transition and the associated heat exchange between the specimen and the environment. In this paper, a simple analytical model was developed to quantify these thermo-mechanical coupling effects on the damping capacity of the NiTi strips/wires under the tensile loading-unloading cycle. We found that, besides the material thermal/mechanical properties and specimen geometry, environmental condition also affects the damping capacity; and the critical strain rate ε.criticalfor achieving a maximum damping capacity can be changed by varying the environmental condition. The theoretical predictions agree quantitatively with the experiments.

Modeling of Shape Memory Alloy Actuators Using Matlab and dSpace Platform

2010 ◽  
Vol 166-167 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Ioan Adrian Cosma ◽  
Vistrian Măties ◽  
Ciprian Lapusan ◽  
Rares Ciprian Mîndru
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Model Based Control ◽  
Input And Output

The aim of the paper is to describe an approach for modeling the dynamic behavior of a positioning system actuated by two shape memory alloy springs, placed in opposition. The mathematical analysis of the system in order to develop the dynamic model is difficult in this case because of the unknown parameters within the dynamic equations (thermodynamics, change in austenite fraction) and therefore a new approach is presented. Thus, a positioning system is considered, and its behavior is determined using Matlab Software, D-space platform and an optical sensor, which analyses the position/velocity of the moving cart. The dynamic model of the system is determined in order to develop a further model based control technique. The model is generated using system identification toolbox within Matlab and input and output (response) of the considered system.

Research of Ni-Mn-Ga Shape Memory Alloy Based Mechanical Vibration Detection Device

2014 ◽  
Vol 1006-1007 ◽  
pp. 845-848
Author(s):  
Yong Zhi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Vibration Measurements ◽  
Vibration Detection ◽  
Vibration Sensing

The study explores the vibration sensing effect of Ni-Mn-Ga shape memory alloy, based on the experimental results, researched the characteristics of this alloy applied in mechanical vibration signal sensors, and describes the feasibility of this alloy used for vibration measurements.

Strain rate dependent formulation of the latent heat evolution of superelastic shape memory alloy wires incorporated in multistory frame structures

2020 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2097547
Author(s):  
Andreas Kaup ◽  
Hao Ding ◽  
Jinting Wang ◽  
Okyay Altay
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Heat Evolution ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Frame Structures ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Multistory Frame

Due to their unique hysteretic energy dissipation capacity, shape memory alloy (SMA) wires are particularly interesting for the development of new-type of intelligent vibration control systems for structures. However, in structural control, most of the vibrations occur in high strain rate regimes, which interfere the release of self-generated heat and thus influence the hysteretic dissipation. This paper proposes a strain rate dependent formulation of the latent heat evolution and aims to improve the accuracy of existing macroscopic modeling approaches developed for SMA wires particularly for the dynamic load cases. The proposed formulation is determined phenomenologically and implemented in a continuum thermomechanical framework based constitutive SMA wire model without impairing the simplicity and robustness of the solution process. The proposed formulation is validated by cyclic tensile tests conducted on SMA wires. Results show that the calculations using the formulation can predict the wire response more accurately than the strain rate independent formulation. For the simulation of multistory frame structures incorporating multiple SMA wires, the governing equations are driven. Shaking table tests are conducted on a 3-story frame structure under harmonic and seismic excitation. The responses of the structure are successfully replicated using the strain rate dependent latent heat formulation.

Hysteresis Identification of Shape Memory Alloy Actuators Using a Novel Artificial Neural Network Based Presiach Model

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Zakerzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Firouzi ◽  
Hassan Sayyaadi ◽  
Saeed Bagheri Shouraki
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Preisach Model ◽  
Hysteresis Behavior ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Artificial Neural

In systems with hysteresis behavior like Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators and Piezo actuators, an accurate modeling of hysteresis behavior either for performance evaluation and identification or controller design is essentially needed. One of the most interesting hysteresis none-linearity identification methods is Preisach model which the hysteresis is modeled by linear combination of hysteresis operators. In spite of good ability of the Preisach model to extract the main features of system with hysteresis behavior, due to its numerical nature, it is not convenient to use in real time control applications. In this paper a novel artificial neural network (ANN) approach based on the Preisach model is presented which provides accurate hysteresis none-linearity modeling. It is shown that the proposed approach can represent hysteresis behavior more accurately in compare with the classical Preisach model and can be used for many applications such as hysteresis non-linearity control, hysteresis identification and realization for performance evaluation in some physical systems such as magnetic and SMA materials. It is also greatly decrease the extremely large amount of calculation needed to numerically implement the Preisach hysteresis model. For evaluation of the proposed approach an experimental apparatus consists of one-dimensional flexible aluminum beam actuated with a SMA wire is used. It is shown that the proposed ANN based Preisach model can identify hysteresis none-linearity more accurately than the classical Preisach model besides to its reduction in the simulation and computation time.

Simulation on Uniaxial-Tension Behavior of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 1209-1212
Author(s):  
Shuang Shuang Sun ◽  
Jing Dong
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Uniaxial Tension ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Alloy Films ◽  
Actuation Mechanism ◽  
Micro Actuators

Based on experimental results reported in the reference, Liang-Rogers’ constitutive model for SMA is used to simulate the stress-strain curves of NiTi shape memory alloy films under uniaxial tension with isothermal conditions. The effects of film compositions and temperature on the tensile behavior of NiTi shape memory alloy films are discussed. By comparing the simulation results with the experimental results, it is found that the simulation curves agree basically with the experimental curves except that the phase-transformation regions are wider in the simulation curves. This demonstrates that the Liang-Rogers’ model can be used to predict the thermomechanical behavior of shape memory alloy films roughly. This study provides some theoretical foundation for the quantitative description and prediction of the actuation mechanism when shape memory alloy films are used as micro-actuators.

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