Hypercupraemia Induced by Antiepileptic Drugs

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghose ◽  
A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Male Subjects

1 Serum copper and zinc levels were measured in 84 treated male epileptics, aged between 6 and 18 years, by an atomic absorption spectroscopic method. These patients were selected randomly from a residential special school. Twenty drug-free healthy but educationally subnormal (ESN) male subjects of similar age group from the same school acted as controls. 2 No abnormality in serum zinc level was observed. 3 In nineteen (22.6%) epileptics, copper levels were above the upper level of normal range (20.5 μmol/l), whereas this was only marginally elevated (20.8 μmol/l) in one (5%) ESN subject. 4 The mean copper level in all epileptics was higher than the controls ( P<0.01), but there was no difference between the epileptics treated with sodium valproate alone and the ESN group. 5 The patients who were receiving carbamazepine either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs except phenytoin, had higher mean copper levels than the controls ( P<0.01). A similar observation was made in relation with phenytoin polytherapy (but excluding carbamazepine). 6 There also appeared to be an association between the high serum copper levels and diffuse/generalized electroencephalographic changes ( P < 0.001). Some antiepileptic drugs, particularly carbamazepine, can produce such electroencephalographic abnormalities. 7 It is concluded that hypercupraemia observed in these treated epileptics were related to the induction of caeruloplasmin synthesis by phenytoin and carbamazepine.

scholarly journals Analysis of Serum and Urinal Copper and Zinc in Chinese Northeast Population with the Prediabetes or Diabetes with and without Complications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Xu ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Gilbert Liu ◽  
Yi Tan ◽  
Lu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Simvastatin Treatment ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Urinary Copper ◽  
Zinc Levels

This study investigated the association of copper and zinc levels in the serum or urine of patients living in northeast China, with either prediabetes or diabetes. From January 2010 to October 2011, patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D,n=25), type 2 diabetes (T2D,n=137), impaired fasting glucose (IFG,n=12) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT,n=15), and age/gender matched controls (n=50) were enrolled. In the T2D group, there were 24 patients with nephropathy, 34 with retinopathy, and 50 with peripheral neuropathy. Serum copper levels were significantly higher in IFG, IGT, and T2D groups. Serum zinc level was dramatically lower, and urinary zinc level was significantly higher in both T1D and T2D subjects compared with controls. The serum zinc/copper ratio was significantly lower in all the patients with IFG, ITG, T1D, and T2D. The serum copper level was positively associated with HbA1c in T2D subjects. Simvastatin treatment in T2D patients had no significant effect on serum and urinary copper and zinc. These results suggest the need for further studies of the potential impact of the imbalanced serum copper and zinc levels on metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Serum zinc, copper and ferritin levels in transfusion dependent thalassemia patients with iron chelator therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Fatema Tuz Munira ◽  
Shelina Begum
Keyword(s):  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients require regular blood transfusion and iron chelator therapy to maintain their life. Iron chelator may alter serum zinc and copper level in TDT patients. Objective: To observe serum zinc and copper and ferritin levels in transfusion dependent thalassemic patients treated with iron chelator. Method: The present cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka between September 2017 to February 2019. Thirty cases of TDT, aged 5-40 year were included in the study group. Age and sex matched 30 healthy subjects were also studied as control. All the TDT patients were selected from the outpatient Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka. Serum zinc was measured by Spectrophotometric method and serum copper and ferritin levels were measured by colorimetric method. For statistical analysis independent sample t test was used. Result: The mean serum zinc level was significantly (p<0.05) lower and serum ferritin level was significantly (p<0.001) higher in TDT compared to control. Again, mean serum copper level and Zn/Cu ratio were not significantly (p>0.05) different in study groups compared to that of control. In addition, 3.3 % TDT patients had hypozincemia and 13.3% TDT patients had hypercupremia. Conclusion: This study may conclude that low serum zinc level and high copper level may be associated with TDT patients treated by combined deferoxamine (DFO) & deferiprone (DFP) iron chelator. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, June; 14(1): 38-42

scholarly journals Study on serum zinc and copper levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients before starting Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course

Mediscope ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
Prithwy Shankar Biswas ◽  
Abu Md Mayeenuddin Al Amin ◽  
Syed Didarul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health concern throughout the world including Bangladesh. The prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) is increasing day by day. Around one-third of world population is infected with M. tuberculosis. Still pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains one of the important causes of mortality throughout the world with economic burden. Objective: To evaluate levels of the serum zinc and serum copper in smear positive PTB patients before starting Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTs) therapy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional type of observational study. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study. Among them 50 were smear positive PTB patients denoted as case group and 50 were apparently healthy individuals denoted as control group. Biochemical tests were carried out in the department of biochemistry of Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. All the statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS version 21. Results were evaluated by using Student’s t-test. Results: After careful evaluation there was significant decrease in serum zinc level along with significant increase in serum copper level among the case group when compared with the control group. The mean values of serum zinc level were 93.96±10.04 μg/dl and 72.84±7.73 μg/dl in control and case group respectively. Serum zinc level decreased significantly (p <0.001) in PTB patients. The mean values of serum copper were 111.81±21.26 μg/dl and 125.99±27.93 μg/dl in control and case group respectively. There was significant (p <0.001) rise of serum copper level in PTB patients. Mediscope 2021;8(2): 122-127

Diurnal Variation of Serum Copper and Zinc in Epileptics Receiving Anti-Convulsants

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Taylor ◽  
K. Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Urinary Copper ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

1 Serial measurements of copper and zinc concentrations in serum were made at 06.00, 14.00, 22.00 and again at 06.00 hours in 37 male patients with epilepsy, aged between 9 and 19 years. Anti-convulsant drugs were administered at 08.00 and 20.00 hours, and standard hospital meals were allowed at 07.30, 12.00, 16.00 and 19.00 hours. 2 Similar to our previous results, eight patients (21.6%) had serum copper levels greater than the reference range (11.0–20.5 μmol/l) and this hypercupraemia was associated with carbamazapine and/or phenytoin medication. 3 No diurnal variation in serum copper level was observed. Serum copper concentration had no correlation with either 24 h urinary copper excretion or serum anti-convulsant drug levels. 4 Serum zinc concentrations were within the reference range (10–16.5 μmol/l), confirming our previous report. No relation with anti-convulsant medication or serum copper levels was found. 5 Diurnal variations in serum zinc levels with peak and trough concentrations at 06.00 and 14.00 hours, respectively, were observed. 6 It is proposed that these variations in serum zinc concentrations are a normal physiological process and is unlikely to be related to anti-convulsant drugs or epilepsy.

scholarly journals Serum zinc level and prognosis of neonatal sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Chaliza Adnan ◽  
I Wayan Dharma Artana ◽  
Ketut Suarta ◽  
I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha ◽  
I Wayan Gustawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Background The prognosis of neonatal sepsis can be influenced by various risk factors, one of which is a deficiency of zinc micronutrient substances. Objective To assess for a potential association between serum zinc level and prognosis of infants with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Methods This prospective cohort study was done in neonates with clinical EONS from September 2017 until December 2018. Serum zinc level was measured on the first day of diagnosis and prognosis was assessed on the fourth day. The association between serum zinc levels and prognosis of EONS was analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression with adjustment for confounding variables. Results A total of 70 subjects were divided into two groups based on their serum zinc levels. A cut-off point of 75 ug/dL was used based on area under the curve (sensitivity 91.2% and specificity 93.7%), with accuracy 97.8% (95%CI 0.943 to 1.000; P=0.0001). Subjects with lowzinc level had a 16.8 times greater risk compared to subjects with high serum zinc (RR=16.81; 95% CI 4.35 to 65.02; P <0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that subjects with low serum zinc levels had 203.7 times greater risk of worsening than subjects who had a higher serum zinc level (RR 203.72; 95% CI 26.79 to 1549.17; P <0.0001). Covariates such as male sex, low gestational age (<37 weeks), low birth weight (<2,500 grams), asphyxia, Caesarean section delivery, and the presence of comorbidities did not have significant associations with outcomes of EONS (P >0.05). Conclusion Serum zinc level is associated with prognosis of early onset neonatal sepsis, with a cut-off of 75 μg/dL. The high level of serum zinc associates with a better prognosis.

scholarly journals Serum zinc level and prognosis of neonatal sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Chaliza Adnan ◽  
I Wayan Dharma Artana ◽  
Ketut Suarta ◽  
I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha ◽  
I Wayan Gustawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Background The prognosis of neonatal sepsis can be influenced by various risk factors, one of which is a deficiency of zinc micronutrient substances. Objective To assess for a potential association between serum zinc level and prognosis of infants with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Methods This prospective cohort study was done in neonates with clinical EONS from September 2017 until December 2018. Serum zinc level was measured on the first day of diagnosis and prognosis was assessed on the fourth day. The association between serum zinc levels and prognosis of EONS was analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression with adjustment for confounding variables. Results A total of 70 subjects were divided into two groups based on their serum zinc levels. A cut-off point of 75 ug/dL was used based on area under the curve (sensitivity 91.2% and specificity 93.7%), with accuracy 97.8% (95%CI 0.943 to 1.000; P=0.0001). Subjects with lowzinc level had a 16.8 times greater risk compared to subjects with high serum zinc (RR=16.81; 95% CI 4.35 to 65.02; P <0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that subjects with low serum zinc levels had 203.7 times greater risk of worsening than subjects who had a higher serum zinc level (RR 203.72; 95% CI 26.79 to 1549.17; P <0.0001). Covariates such as male sex, low gestational age (<37 weeks), low birth weight (<2,500 grams), asphyxia, Caesarean section delivery, and the presence of comorbidities did not have significant associations with outcomes of EONS (P >0.05). Conclusion Serum zinc level is associated with prognosis of early onset neonatal sepsis, with a cut-off of 75 μg/dL. The high level of serum zinc associates with a better prognosis.

scholarly journals Association between Reduced Serum Zinc and Diastolic Dysfunction in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2077
Author(s):  
Jiun-Chi Huang ◽  
Ya-Chin Huang ◽  
Pei-Yu Wu ◽  
Wen-Hsien Lee ◽  
Yi-Chun Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Diastolic dysfunction is an emerging challenge among hemodialysis (HD) patients, and the associations between serum zinc with echocardiographic parameters and diastolic function remain uncertain. A total of 185 maintenance HD patients were stratified by the tertiles of serum zinc level to compare their clinical characteristics and echocardiography. Correlations of serum zinc levels with echocardiographic parameters were examined using Pearson’s analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the determinants of E/e’ ratio >15 and left atrial volume index (LAVI) > 34 mL/m2, both indicators of diastolic dysfunction. Patients belonging to the first tertile of serum zinc level had a significantly higher E/e’ ratio and LAVI. Serum zinc levels were negatively correlated with E (r = −0.204, p = 0.005), E/e’ ratio (r = −0.217, p = 0.003), and LAVI (r = −0.197, p = 0.007). In a multivariate analysis, older age, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and lower serum zinc levels (OR = 0.974, 95% CI = 0.950–0.999, p = 0.039) were significantly associated with E/e’ ratio >15. Furthermore, diabetes and lower serum zinc levels (OR = 0.978, 95% CI = 0.958–0.999, p = 0.041) were significantly associated with LAVI >34 mL/m2. Reduced serum zinc level was significantly associated with diastolic dysfunction among HD patients. Further prospective studies are warranted to investigate whether zinc supplementation can attenuate cardiac dysfunction in maintenance HD patients.

scholarly journals A study of serum zinc levels in children with febrile convulsions in comparison with normal and febrile children

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Madhubalan T. ◽  
Chidambaranathan S. ◽  
Ramamoorthy R.
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Febrile Convulsions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Background: A seizure is a paroxysmal time-limited change in motor activity and or behavior that results from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizures are common in the pediatric age group and occur in approximately 10% of children. Most seizures in children are provoked by somatic disorders originating outside the brain such as high fever, infection, syncope, head trauma, hypoxia, or toxins. To determine whether children with febrile convulsion have decreased serum zinc level when compared to normal children and children with fever without convulsions.Methods: The study included children admitted with bronchiolitis in between during the period of September 2018 to January 2019 at Department of Pediatrics, Raja Muthiah Medical College and Hospital. It is a case-control study. A sample size of 50 was selected for each group Totally 3 Groups, 1. Children with febrile convulsions,2. Children with fever without convulsions, 3. Normal Children.Results: The mean serum zinc level in children with febrile convulsions was 42.9 mcg/dl. The serum zinc level in children with fever and normal children was 70 mcg/dl and 71 mcg/dl respectively. On comparing the serum zinc level among the three groups statistical significance was obtained between children with febrile convulsions and the other two groups namely normal children and children with fever alone. Thus, decreased serum zinc level is a significant predisposing factor for febrile convulsions. By using Posthoc Multiple comparisons test we came to know that the Fever convulsion group is significantly different from fever and normal group. There is no significant difference between fever and normal group.Conclusions: This study shows that serum zinc levels are decreased in children with febrile convulsions, thus indicating that zinc deprivation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of febrile convulsions.

scholarly journals The association between hypozincemia and aortic stenosis prevalence in hemodialysis patients: a single-center cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Matsui ◽  
Tomonaga Ameku ◽  
Daisuke Takada ◽  
Shinji Ono
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Abstract Background Hypozincemia contributes to phosphate-induced vascular calcification in model animals of renal failure, but the association between hypozincemia and aortic stenosis (AS) prevalence in patients with end-stage kidney disease remains unreported in clinical settings. Methods To investigate the association between hypozincemia and AS prevalence in patients undergoing hemodialysis, we designed a single-center cross-sectional study. Our outcome “AS” was defined as prevalence of moderate or severe AS or surgical history for AS. Depending on serum zinc levels, we divided patients undergoing hemodialysis into deciles. The association between hypozincemia and AS prevalence was analyzed via logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, dialysis vintage, diabetes history, serum albumin, and history of taking calcium-containing phosphate binder. Results Ninety-three patients undergoing hemodialysis were eligible. The mean serum zinc level was 61.3 ± 13.9 μg/dL. Twelve patients who belonged to 1st decile had serum zinc levels ≤ 48 μg/dL. Of these twelve patients, six patients (50 %) had AS. On the other hand, of eighty one patients who belonged to 2nd–10th deciles (serum zinc levels > 48 μg/dL), thirteen patients (16 %) had AS. Hypozincemia (serum zinc levels ≤ 48 μg/dL) was associated with AS prevalence (P = 0.038; odds ratio 4.43; 95% confidence interval 1.09–18.0). Conclusions AS was more prevalent in patients undergoing hemodialysis with severe hypozincemia in our cross-sectional study, although interventional studies are required to elucidate the benefit of zinc supplementation for AS progression.

scholarly journals Serum trace metals in Pre-Eclamptic Nigerians

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikechukwu Chidiebere Ikaraoha ◽  
Nkeiruka Chigaekwu Mbadiwe ◽  
John Ibhagbemien Anetor ◽  
Isreal Agware Ojareva
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The role of trace metals in Pathogenesis of Pre-eclampsia has received insufficient attention in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: We examined the effect of serum levels of some trace metals; selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn) in the development of pre-eclampsia in Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 59 pre-eclamptic, 150 normal pregnant and 122 non pregnant women. Serum Se, Zn, Cu, Co and Mn were determined by AAS.Results: Result shows significantly lower serum Se, Zn, Cu, Cu: Zn ratio, Co and Mn in pre-eclamptics compared to normal pregnant women (p<0.001). Comparison of normal pregnant women and controls showed non significant difference in the zinc level (P>0.05), significantly lower levels of serum Se, Co, Mn (p<0.00011, p=0.0022, p<0.0001 respectively) and significantly raised copper level (p<0.001) in normal pregnant women compared to controls.  Serum Se, Zn, Co and Mn were significantly lower (p<0.001) while serum copper and Cu: Zn ratio were significantly higher (p<0.001) in pregnant women compared to controls. ANOVA shows significant progressive decreases in serum Se, Zn Co and Mn, from controls to normal pregnant women and pre-eclamptics (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Decreases in serum level of Se, Zn, Cu, Cu: Zn ratio, Co and Mn may play important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 7(3) 2016 78-83

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