Measurement of the respiratory burst and chemotaxis in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from mercury-exposed workers

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rcr Perlingeiro ◽  
Mls Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Urinary Mercury ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Age And Sex

The chemotactic and nitroblue tetrazolium reducing activ ities of neutrophils from 48 mercury-exposed workers were examined and compared with those of non-exposed, age- and sex-matched individuals. At the time of testing, the exposed population had a mean (± s.d.) urinary mer cury concentration of 24.0 ± 20.1 μg g-1 creatinine and in 44 of these workers urinary mercury levels were below the accepted threshold level (TLV) of 50 μg g-1 creatinine. The two neutrophil functions were significantly reduced in the mercury-exposed workers compared with the con trols. In 28 of these workers, chemotaxis was re-evaluated 6 months later. During the intervening 6 months, the level of hygiene was improved throughout the plant and uri nary mercury concentrations were determined monthly in each worker. Despite a significant reduction in urinary mercury concentrations, neutrophil migration did not return to within the normal range. These results suggest that 'safe' level mercury exposure may lead to impairment of neutrophil function.

Immunoglobulin levels in workers exposed to hexachlorobenzene

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M LS Queiroz ◽  
C Bincoletto ◽  
R CR Perlingeiro ◽  
M R Quadros ◽  
C A Souza
Keyword(s):  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Immunoglobulin Levels ◽  
Age And Sex

The serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) concentrations of 52 chlorinated-exposed workers were examined and compared with those of non-exposed, age- and sex-matched individuals. At the time of testing, the exposed population had mean hexachlorobenzene (HCB) blood levels of 3.84 mg/dl with a range of 0.1 to 16 mg/dl. Increased IgG and IgM levels were found in the HCB- exposed workers (P50.05 and P50.01, respectively). Hepatic function was evaluated by serum aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, as well as by bilirubin levels. IgM concentrations were positively correlated with three of the studied parameters, namely, length of exposure (r=0.367) and the activities of both AST (r=0.367) and ALT (r=0.507).

Defective neutrophil function in workers occupationally exposed to hexachlorobenzene

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mls Queiroz ◽  
C. Bincoletto ◽  
Rcr Perlingeiro ◽  
CA Souza ◽  
H. Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Nitroblue Tetrazolium ◽  
Chlorinated Compounds ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Nitroblue Tetrazolium Reduction ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Tetrazolium Reduction ◽  
Age And Sex

In this work we have studied the respiratory burst and chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 51 workers exposed to chlorinated compounds, which were compared with those of non-exposed, age- and sex- matched invididuals. These two neutrophil functions were significantly reduced as compared to controls. No correlation was observed between the length of exposure, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) blood concentrations and neu trophil chemotaxis or the extent of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.

SKIN-FOLD THICKNESS IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH ACROMEGALY AND CUSHING'S SYNDROME

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Wright ◽  
G. F. Joplin
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT A simple clinical method of determining the skin-fold thickness on the dorsum of the hand has been described using the Harpendon spring-loaded caliper. A normal range for age and sex has been established in 258 normal subjects. The mean skin-fold thickness was greater in men than in women, and in both decreased with age, falling from 2.85 to 1.75 mm in men, and from 2.65 to 1.60 mm in women (aged 15–20 to 70–80). In 48 acromegalic patients, 71 % of the skin-fold measurements were abnormally thick. In 12 patients with Cushing's syndrome, although all measurements were below the normal mean, 42 % only were abnormally thin.

scholarly journals Frailty Is Associated With Neutrophil Dysfunction Which Is Correctable With Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2320-2325
Author(s):  
Daisy Wilson ◽  
William Drew ◽  
Alice Jasper ◽  
Helena Crisford ◽  
Peter Nightingale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Neutrophil Dysfunction

Abstract Neutrophil dysfunction has been described with age, appears exaggerated in infection, with altered phosphoinositol signaling a potential mechanism. However, functional aging is heterogeneous. Frailty is a negative health status and is more common in older adults. We hypothesized that neutrophil migration may be compromised in frailty, associated with the degree of frailty experienced by the older person. We compared measures of frailty, neutrophil function, and systemic inflammation in 40 young and 77 older community-dwelling adults in the United Kingdom. Systemic neutrophils exhibited an age-associated reduction in the accuracy of migration (chemotaxis) which was further blunted with frailty. The degree of migratory inaccuracy correlated with physical (adjusted hand grip strength) and cognitive (Stroop test) markers of frailty. Regression analysis demonstrated that age, Charlson comorbidity index, and frailty index were able to predict neutrophil chemotaxis. Reduced chemotaxis of neutrophils from frail adults could be reversed using selective PI3K inhibitors. Exposure of neutrophils from young adults to plasma from chronically inflamed frail older adults could not recapitulate the migratory deficit in vitro, and there were no relationships with systemic inflammation and neutrophil dysfunction. Frailty exaggerated the neutrophil deficits seen with advanced age but aspects of the frailty-associated deficit in neutrophil function are rescuable and thus potentially form a therapeutic target to improve outcomes from infection in older adults.

scholarly journals Suppression of monocyte and neutrophil function by recombinant IL-2

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Smith ◽  
Gayle D. Warren ◽  
Yee-Hing Thong ◽  
Joe G. McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate ◽  
Myristate Acetate ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate Shunt ◽  
Neutrophil Adherence ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Monocyte Adherence

Little IS known about the influence of IL-2 on phagocytes. We now describe the effects of human recombinant IL-2 on human neutrophil and monocyte functions related to mobility, phagocytosis, glucose uptake, respiration and degranulation. Neutrophil adherence and hexose monophosphate shunt activities were both suppressed after incubation with IL-2. IL-2 had no effect on neutrophil migration, phagocytosis, deoxyglucose uptake or degranulation, ionocytes demonstrated a greater sensitivity to IL-2 with suppression of monocyte adherence, random and stimulated migration, glucose uptake and hexose monophosphate shunt activity, even after addition of phorbol myristate acetate. Monocyte phagocytosis and degranulation were not affected. All of the effects observed were dose-dependent within a biologically active range for IL-2. These studies suggest that IL-2 may have an important down-regulatory role across a broad range of monocyte functions including movement, deoxyglucose uptake and respiration. However, its role in regulation of neutrophil function is limited to adherence and respiration. IL-2 may be a more versatile cytokine than has previously been appreciated.

Diurnal Variations in Urinary Mercury Excretion

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Calder ◽  
G.R. Kelman ◽  
H. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Mercury ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Late Evening

A consistent diurnal variation of urinary mercury concentration (expressed as nmol of mercury/mmol of creatinine) has been demonstrated in 36 occupationally exposed workers, the concentration being highest in the morning and lowest in the late evening. This variation is partly intrinsic and partly an artifact because creatinine excretion also varies diurnally, but in the opposite direction. The implications of these findings in relation to the biological monitoring of mercury workers is discussed.

The Effect of Organophosphorus Compounds on Serum Pseudocholinesterase Levels in a Group of Industrial Workers

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Peedicayil ◽  
Kalpana Ernest ◽  
Molly Thomas ◽  
A.S. Kanagasabapathy ◽  
P.M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Low Serum

This paper presents the findings of a study of serum pseudocholinesterase activity in a group of 36 industrial workers chronically exposed to organophosphorus (OP) compounds. The mean pseudocholinesterase level of the workers was significantly lower than that of 36 other workers without a history of similar exposure. Although there was a high incidence of clinical features suggestive of OP compound toxicity in the exposed workers, no significant correlation between serum pseudocholinesterase levels and clinical symptoms and signs was found. Six exposed workers, found to have low serum pseudocholinesterase levels, were transferred for 6 months to work areas which did not involve OP exposure, whereupon their levels rose significantly back to the normal range.

scholarly journals Drunken drive detection with smart ignition lock

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 501-507
Author(s):  
S. L. A. Muthukarpan ◽  
M. N. Osman ◽  
M. Jusoh ◽  
T. Sabapathy ◽  
M. K. A. Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Alcoholic Drink ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Road Users

Drink and drive issue have become solemnly that needs immediate attention. This is due to drivers’ ignorance towards road rules and regulations and their selfish attitude that caused loss of innocent lives. Although previously there is a drunk detecting mechanism using breathalyzer but it isn’t suitable for current fast-paced lifestyle. Therefore, to overcome these issues, this system is proposed. This system is fixed on vehicle’s steering to measure alcohol concentration reading using MQ-3 sensor from the driver’s exhaled breath. If the driver found to be drunk beyond the threshold level of 400 ppm, then ignition lock is activated and the car engine does not start till alcohol concentration falls to a safe level. Or, if the driver consumes an alcoholic drink while driving, upon exceeding permissible limit, the car slows down till it stops. Then, the location of the vehicle is tracked and sent as Google Map integrated link via text message to authorized unit. Simultaneously, the car buzzer goes off while the car slows down so that surrounding road users are aware of the driver’s condition and drives at a distance. The proposed detection system is highly potential to be implemented for reducing the drunk and drive accidents.

Simplified Microestimation of Fibrinogen and Seromucoid in Plasma

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 650-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Pryce
Keyword(s):  
Normal Range ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Simplified methods for the microestimation of fibrinogen and seromucoid in plasma are described, and their relationship is discussed. The normal range corrected for age and sex is given.

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