scholarly journals Drunken drive detection with smart ignition lock

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 501-507
Author(s):  
S. L. A. Muthukarpan ◽  
M. N. Osman ◽  
M. Jusoh ◽  
T. Sabapathy ◽  
M. K. A. Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Alcoholic Drink ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Road Users

Drink and drive issue have become solemnly that needs immediate attention. This is due to drivers’ ignorance towards road rules and regulations and their selfish attitude that caused loss of innocent lives. Although previously there is a drunk detecting mechanism using breathalyzer but it isn’t suitable for current fast-paced lifestyle. Therefore, to overcome these issues, this system is proposed. This system is fixed on vehicle’s steering to measure alcohol concentration reading using MQ-3 sensor from the driver’s exhaled breath. If the driver found to be drunk beyond the threshold level of 400 ppm, then ignition lock is activated and the car engine does not start till alcohol concentration falls to a safe level. Or, if the driver consumes an alcoholic drink while driving, upon exceeding permissible limit, the car slows down till it stops. Then, the location of the vehicle is tracked and sent as Google Map integrated link via text message to authorized unit. Simultaneously, the car buzzer goes off while the car slows down so that surrounding road users are aware of the driver’s condition and drives at a distance. The proposed detection system is highly potential to be implemented for reducing the drunk and drive accidents.

Survey on Safety Devices Using IoT

2020 ◽  
pp. 450-453
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Alert Message ◽  
Automatic Detection System

Traffic congestion is becoming a huge problem, which is arising due to vehicle failure or accidents. Transportation and use of advanced technology has great importance in society and that has made many of our lives much easier. By automatic accident detection and alerting GSM & GPS based technology can be used to overcome these problems. Where as in case of Child and Women there are very few efficient security and safety measures adopted. Now in India the safety for women has become a major issue while travelling. Nowadays women think twice before taking any steps out of their homes, especially in the night time. Hence, this is unfortunately, the sad reality of our country and also due to various crimes like child abuse, rape, dowry deaths, trafficking and many more. At the time of women facing unsecured situations, there is a need to ensure safety while travelling. Hence automatic detection system needs to be established where one can send alert message to the police station or the relatives which detects the current location of the required ones by use of such technologies the women and children can get protection. Mainly in remote areas children use bicycles as means of transport from several years and nowadays, despite due to the large vailability of new and faster means, the bicycle users is not decreased. Despites the cyclists find difficult to travel within them and other vehicles find difficult to find them during night time. In case of any emergency situation faced at unknown remote areas the cyclist can send their location to required ones to help them. In this paper, report the survey on the existing mechanism for detecting locations, and sending signals and to collect parameters such as temperature of the human body, heart beat etc. using sensors. With the help of GPS and GSM we can track the location of the child, women or vehicle. Hence, by these we can save the life of person’s being injured in various locations by sending a text message using IOT technologies

VitaFALL: Advanced multi-threshold based reliable fall detection system

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warish D. Patel ◽  
Chirag Patel ◽  
Monal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Fall Detection ◽  
High Detection Rate ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Fall Prediction

Background: The biggest challenge in our technologically advanced society is the healthy being of aging individuals and differently-abled people in our society. The leading cause for significant injuries and early death in senior citizens and differently-abled people is due to falling off. The possibility to automatically detect falls has increased demand for such devices, and the high detection rate is achieved using the wearable sensors, this technology has a quite social and monetary impact on society. So even for the daily activity in the life of aged people, an automatically fall detecting system and vital signs examining system become a necessity. Objectives: This research work aims at helping aged people and every other necessary human by monitoring their vital signs and fall prediction. A fall detection VitaFALL (Vital Signs and Fall Monitoring) device, could analyze the measurement in all three orthogonal directions using a triple-axis accelerometer, and Vital Signs Parameters (Heartrate, Heartbeat, and Temperature monitoring) for the aged and differently-abled people. Methods: Comparison with Present Algorithms, there are various benefits regarding privacy, success rate, and design of devices upgraded using an implemented algorithm over the ubiquitous algorithm. Results: As concluded from the experimental outcomes, the accuracy achieved is up to 94%, ADXL335 is a 3-Axial Accelerometer Module that collects the accelerations of aged people from a VitaFALL device. A guardian can be notified by sending a text message via GSM and GPRS module so that aged can be helped. Conclusion: However, a delay in the time can be noticed while comparing the gradient and minimum value to predetermine the state of the older person. The experiment results show the adequacy of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals The alcohol breath test in practice: effects of exhaled volume

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 1630-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Anderson ◽  
Michael P. Hlastala
Keyword(s):  
Breath Test ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Air Volume ◽  
Breath Alcohol ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Breath Alcohol Concentration

Alcohol breath test (ABT) measurements are sensitive to the volume of the exhaled breath. Although a minimum breath volume is required for a legally acceptable sample, any additional increase in the volume of exhaled air increases the measurement of breath alcohol concentration (BrAC). Using a sample of 115 ABTs collected by police agencies for evidentiary purposes, we studied the influence of exhaled air volume on the measurement of BrAC. The 115 ABTs were performed on 30 different Alcotest 9510s. Each of the tests included paired, time series measurements of exhaled breath flow rates and breath alcohol content. The exhalation flow rates and exhalation times were used to create exhalation volume-BrAC plots. On average, exhaled air volumes were ~50% of the subjects’ age-, height-, race-, and sex-predicted vital capacities (VC). More than 80% of the samples had exhaled air volumes ranging between 30 and 70% of the subject’s predicted VC. Breath volumes for duplicate breath samples were similar. For all breath samples, BrAC increased with exhalation volume, an expected behavior for any very high blood solubility compound such as alcohol. Beyond the legally accepted minimum expiratory volume, BrAC increased, on average, at a rate of 9.2 ± 2.8%/liter air exhaled. As a result, a person who exhales just beyond the minimum volume will have a lower BrAC compared with a person who exhales a full VC. Exhaled volume materially impacts the measurement of an ABT. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Subjects who provide breath samples for evidentiary alcohol breath tests exhale, on average, about half of their predicted vital capacity. Because breath alcohol concentration increases with greater exhaled air volume, subjects who exhale more than average volume will have a greater breath alcohol concentration, whereas subjects who exhale less than average volume will have a lesser breath alcohol concentration. A quantification of air volume impact on breath alcohol concentration is provided.

Research on the Drunk Driving Intelligent Test System Based on μC/OS-II

2014 ◽  
Vol 539 ◽  
pp. 538-542
Author(s):  
Bing Guo Liu ◽  
Yun Han ◽  
Bing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Test System ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Signal Interference ◽  
Application Layer ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Hardware System ◽  
Low Sensitivity

The article design the hardware system scheme using STM32F407 as the control core circuit, and designed the software structure of the system and application layer multi task and priority based on transplanted μC/OS operating system. Aimed at that the traditional drunk driving detection system has low sensitivity and unable to distinguish diffuse alcohol signal interference. For accurate identification of pilot and crew alcohol concentration, the paper puts forward a driving intelligent identification wine system based on embeddedμC/OS-II. The experimental results show that the detection sensitivity of the system has high accuracy rate, effectively prevent the purpose for the prevention of drunk driving, drunk driving has very good practical value.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Sensor Based on Nanostructured K2W7O22 for Application in the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Diabetes

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Hossain ◽  
Qifeng Zhang ◽  
Michael Johnson ◽  
Danling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive

Diabetes is one of the most rapidly-growing chronic diseases in the world. Acetone, a volatile organic compound in exhaled breath, shows a positive correlation with blood glucose and has proven to be a biomarker for type-1 diabetes. Measuring the level of acetone in exhaled breath can provide a non-invasive, low risk of infection, low cost, and convenient way to monitor the health condition of diabetics. There has been continuous demand for the improvement of this non-invasive, sensitive sensor system to provide a fast and real-time electronic readout of blood glucose levels. A novel nanostructured K2W7O22 has been recently used to test acetone with concentration from 0 parts-per-million (ppm) to 50 ppm at room temperature. The results revealed that a K2W7O22 sensor shows a sensitive response to acetone, but the detection limit is not ideal due to the limitations of the detection system of the device. In this paper, we report a K2W7O22 sensor with an improved sensitivity and detection limit by using an optimized circuit to minimize the electronic noise and increase the signal to noise ratio for the purpose of weak signal detection while the concentration of acetone is very low.

Study and Implementation of the Vehicle Control Instruments

2011 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 890-894
Author(s):  
Wen Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Distance Measurement ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
Collision System ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Password Protection

The vehicle control instruments based on 8051 SCM was mainly made of three sub-system modules: password protection system, alcohol detection system and anti-collision system of ultrasonic distance-measurement. The lock system designed a password with four decimal digits as its code. Alcohol detection system used gas sensors to detect the driver’s alcohol concentration of breath. The ultrasonic distance-measurement system took the ultrasonic wave’s propagation speed in the air as the known condition, according to the transmitting and receiving of the different time period, and calculated the launch point barrier to the actual distance, so it may effectively prevent the collision event’s occurrence. experiment shows that the controller overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional controller, which is function mono, low-precision, slow response, so that the new multi-function controller can be widely applied in the future.

Measurement of the respiratory burst and chemotaxis in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from mercury-exposed workers

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rcr Perlingeiro ◽  
Mls Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Urinary Mercury ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Age And Sex

The chemotactic and nitroblue tetrazolium reducing activ ities of neutrophils from 48 mercury-exposed workers were examined and compared with those of non-exposed, age- and sex-matched individuals. At the time of testing, the exposed population had a mean (± s.d.) urinary mer cury concentration of 24.0 ± 20.1 μg g-1 creatinine and in 44 of these workers urinary mercury levels were below the accepted threshold level (TLV) of 50 μg g-1 creatinine. The two neutrophil functions were significantly reduced in the mercury-exposed workers compared with the con trols. In 28 of these workers, chemotaxis was re-evaluated 6 months later. During the intervening 6 months, the level of hygiene was improved throughout the plant and uri nary mercury concentrations were determined monthly in each worker. Despite a significant reduction in urinary mercury concentrations, neutrophil migration did not return to within the normal range. These results suggest that 'safe' level mercury exposure may lead to impairment of neutrophil function.

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