The Effect of Organophosphorus Compounds on Serum Pseudocholinesterase Levels in a Group of Industrial Workers

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Peedicayil ◽  
Kalpana Ernest ◽  
Molly Thomas ◽  
A.S. Kanagasabapathy ◽  
P.M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Low Serum

This paper presents the findings of a study of serum pseudocholinesterase activity in a group of 36 industrial workers chronically exposed to organophosphorus (OP) compounds. The mean pseudocholinesterase level of the workers was significantly lower than that of 36 other workers without a history of similar exposure. Although there was a high incidence of clinical features suggestive of OP compound toxicity in the exposed workers, no significant correlation between serum pseudocholinesterase levels and clinical symptoms and signs was found. Six exposed workers, found to have low serum pseudocholinesterase levels, were transferred for 6 months to work areas which did not involve OP exposure, whereupon their levels rose significantly back to the normal range.

Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), A rapidly spreading epidemic in Chennai - A standalone lab experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4896
Author(s):  
Sripriya C.S.* ◽  
Shanthi B. ◽  
Arockia Doss S. ◽  
Antonie Raj I. ◽  
Mohana Priya
Keyword(s):  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Orientia Tsutsugamushi ◽  
The Past ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), is a strict intracellular bacterium which is reported to be a recent threat to parts of southern India. There is re-emergence of scrub typhus during the past few years in Chennai. Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness which generally causes non-specific symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations of this disease range from sub-clinical disease to organ failure to fatal disease. This study documents our laboratory experience in diagnosis of scrub typhus in patients with fever and suspected clinical symptoms of scrub typhus infection for a period of two years from April 2014 to April 2016 using immunochromatography and IgM ELISA methods. The study was conducted on 648 patients out of whom 188 patients were found to be positive for scrub typhus. Results also showed that pediatric (0 -12 years) and young adults (20 – 39 years) were more exposed to scrub typhus infection and female patients were more infected compared to male. The study also showed that the rate of infection was higher between September to February which also suggested that the infection rate is proportional to the climatic condition. Statistical analysis showed that the mean age of the patients in this study was 37.6, standard deviation was 18.97, CV % was 50.45. 

LRF and TRF test during long-term danazol treatment: increase of the LH and FSH responses but decrease of the prolactin and TSH responses

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leppäluoto ◽  
L. Rönnberg ◽  
P. Ylöstalo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract. Seven patients suffering from severe endometriosis were treated with danazol 200 mg × 3 daily for 6 months. Clinical symptoms were alleviated and menses disappeared in response to the treatment. After cessation of the treatment the menstrual bleedings returned in 1–3 months. Blood samples for determination of gonadotrophins, prolactin (Prl), oestradiol (E2), progesterone, thyroid hormones and thyrotrophin in radioimmunoassays were taken and a combined TRF and LRF test carried out in the follicular phase before treatment, at the 6th month of treatment and after reappearance of the first menses. There were no statistically significant changes in the basal levels of serum FSH, LH or TSH during the danazol treatment. Neither was there any change in episodic secretions of FSH, LH or Prl, as determined by the mean coefficients of variation of the hormone levels in seven consecutive samples taken at 20 min intervals. On the other hand, serum E2, Prl and thyroid hormone levels were significantly decreased in the 6th month of treatment. In the TRF-LRF test the responses of serum FSH and LH were significantly higher and those of serum Prl and TSH significantly lower during danazol treatment than before. Prl responses remained lowered after the treatment. It appears that low serum oestrogen levels, induced by the danazol treatment, sensitize the pituitary gonadotrophs to exogenous LRF, but make the sensitivity of thyrotrophs and lactotrophs lower to exogenous TRF. These results thus indicate that danazol does not make the pituitary gonadotrophs insensitive to LRF, but danazol may rather inhibit the secretion of hypothalamic LRF.

scholarly journals Clinical features of imported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Tibetan patients in the Plateau area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Lei ◽  
Xiaobo Huang ◽  
Bamu SiLang ◽  
YunPing Lan ◽  
Jianli Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Plateau Area ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
High Altitude Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has rapidly spread throughout China, but the clinical characteristics of Tibetan patients living in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau are unknown. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of these patients. We included 67 Tibetan patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of clinical symptoms at admission, with 31 and 36 patients in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, respectively. The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics were extracted and analysed. No patient had a history of exposure to COVID-19 patients from Wuhan or had travelled to Wuhan. The mean age of Tibetan patients was 39.3 years and 59% of the patients were male. Seven patients presented with fever on admission and lymphocytopenia was present in 20 patients. 47 patients had abnormal chest CTs at admission instead of stating that 20 were unchanged. Lactate dehydrogenase levels were increased in 31 patients. Seven patients progressed to severe COVID-19; however, after treatment, their condition was stable. No patients died. Of the 36 asymptomatic patients, the mean age was younger than the symptomatic group (34.4±17.3vs 44.9±18.1 years, P=0.02). Lymphocyte count and prealbumin levels were higher in the asymptomatic group than the group with clinical symptoms (1.6±0.5 vs 1.3±0.6 and 241.8±68.2 vs 191.9±60.3, respectively; P<0.05). Imported cases of COVID-19 in Tibetan patients were generally mild in this high-altitude area. Absence of fever or radiologic abnormalities on initial presentation were common.

A clinico-aetiological and ultrasonographic study of Peyronie's disease

Sexual Health ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhushan Kumar ◽  
Tarun Narang ◽  
Somesh Gupta ◽  
Madhu Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorder ◽  
Peyronie’S Disease ◽  
Penile Curvature ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peyronie's Disease ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Background: Peyronie’s disease is a localised connective tissue disorder that involves the tunica albuginea of the penis. Although long recognised as an important clinical entity of the male genitalia, the aetiology of this disease has remained poorly understood. Methods: The epidemiology and clinical presentation of Peyronie’s disease during a 10-year period was evaluated. Results: Forty-two men with Peyronie’s disease from Chandigarh, India were reviewed retrospectively. The prevalence of Peyronie’s patients was 1.97/1000 patients. Their ages ranged from 23 to 70 years. Most of them presented during the early phase of the disease. The most common presenting complaint was penile curvature in 34 (80.95%) followed by pain on erection in 28 (66.66%). History of penile trauma was revealed by four (9.52%) patients. Among the risk factors, hypercholesterolemia (60%), hypertension (33.3%) and asymptomatic hyperuricemia (28.34%) were the most common. Twenty-two patients with Peyronie’s disease were studied by ultrasonography. Ultrasonogram was more accurate than clinical assessment in delineating the extent of lesions. In one-third of the patients, sonography demonstrated the plaques to be more extensive than had been detected by clinical examination. Conclusions: The clinical symptoms and signs in our study were, in general, similar to those found in the previous studies. Higher incidence of hypertension and diabetes in patients with Peyronie’s disease may also be to an extent due to patients being in an older age group.

5. Oncocytic Cardiomyopathy: A Rare Cause of Unexpected Early Childhood Death Associated with Fitting

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Stahl ◽  
Richard T L Couper ◽  
Roger W Byard
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
Childhood Death ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

A 15-month-old girl died unexpectedly in hospital following a five-day history of intermittent cardiac arrhythmias and convulsions preceded by several weeks of occasional vomiting. Autopsy revealed subendocardial nodules in the left ventricle, and tricuspid and mitral valves that were composed of aggregated large cells with foamy, pale pink cytoplasm characteristic of oncocytic cardiomyopathy. Fat stains were positive for neutral lipid and phospholipid and electron microscopic examination revealed numerous irregular mitochondria within affected cells. Examination of the brain revealed no structural or histologic abnormalities, anoxic damage or thromboembolic material. Oncocytic cardiomyopathy, though rare, may cause unexpected death in previously well young children with quite variable preceding clinical symptoms and signs which include fitting. Although the aetiology is unknown there is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved.

Time to recovery predicted by the severity of postoperative C5 palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach Pennington ◽  
Daniel Lubelski ◽  
Erick M. Westbroek ◽  
A. Karim Ahmed ◽  
Jeff Ehresman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
C5 Palsy ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Degenerative Cervical Spine

OBJECTIVEPostoperative C5 palsy affects 7%–12% of patients who undergo posterior cervical decompression for degenerative cervical spine pathologies. Minimal evidence exists regarding the natural history of expected recovery and variables that affect palsy recovery. The authors investigated pre- and postoperative variables that predict recovery and recovery time among patients with postoperative C5 palsy.METHODSThe authors included patients who underwent posterior cervical decompression at a tertiary referral center between 2004 and 2018 and who experienced postoperative C5 palsy. All patients had preoperative MR images and full records, including operative note, postoperative course, and clinical presentation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate both times to complete recovery and to new neurological baseline—defined by deltoid strength on manual motor testing of the affected side—as a function of clinical symptoms, surgical maneuvers, and the severity of postoperative deficits.RESULTSSeventy-seven patients were included, with an average age of 64 years. The mean follow-up period was 17.7 months. The mean postoperative C5 strength was grade 2.7/5, and the mean time to first motor examination with documented C5 palsy was 3.5 days. Sixteen patients (21%) had bilateral deficits, and 9 (12%) had new-onset biceps weakness; 36% of patients had undergone C4–5 foraminotomy of the affected root, and 17% had presented with radicular pain in the dermatome of the affected root. On univariable analysis, patients’ reporting of numbness or tingling (p = 0.02) and a baseline deficit (p < 0.001) were the only predictors of time to recovery. Patients with grade 4+/5 weakness had significantly shorter times to recovery than patients with grade 4/5 weakness (p = 0.001) or ≤ grade 3/5 weakness (p < 0.001). There was no difference between those with grade 4/5 weakness and those with ≤ grade 3/5 weakness. Patients with postoperative strength < grade 3/5 had a < 50% chance of achieving complete recovery.CONCLUSIONSThe timing and odds of recovery following C5 palsy were best predicted by the magnitude of the postoperative deficit. The use of C4–5 foraminotomy did not predict the time to or likelihood of recovery.

Ventilatory Chemosensitivity in Subjects with a History of Childhood Cyanotic Breath-Holding Spells

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Nick G. Anas ◽  
John T. McBride ◽  
Christian Boettrich ◽  
Kenneth McConnochie ◽  
John G. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Breath Holding ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Hypoxia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The ability of children with cyanotic breath-holding spells to respond to anger or frustration by voluntary breath-holding for prolonged periods (often to the point of precipitating hypoxic seizure activity) suggested the hypothesis that such children may have a less powerful urge to breathe in the presence of hypoxia and/or hypercapnia than children who do not have breath-holding spells. Because ventilatory chemosensitivity is difficult to measure in infants and young children, this hypothesis was tested indirectly by measuring the ventilatory responses to hyperoxic progressive hypercapnia and to isocapnic progressive hypoxia of seven individuals who had a history of cyanotic breath-holding spells in infancy and 17 control subjects. The mean values for sensitivity to hypoxia and to hypercapnia were not significantly different between the two groups, and the responses of the majority of the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells were clearly within the normal range. There were fewer individuals with high-normal ventilatory responses among the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells. Although children with cyanotic breath-holding spells may have decreased ventilatory chemosensitivity transiently during infancy or may differ from other children in some other aspect of the control of breathing, the pathogenesis of infantile cyanotic breath-holding spells does not involve a permanently blunted sensitivity to hypercapnia or hypoxia.

Association of Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm with Obesity

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted A. Kaplan ◽  
Mary Helen Campbell-Shaw ◽  
Gina Moccia
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Select Group ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Pool ◽  
Provocation Testing ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is present in many patients with asthma or with a family history of atopy. A review was made of exercise provocation testing performed on 37 children ages 5 to 17 years. Maximal forced expiratory maneuvers were performed before and serially every 3 minutes after a 7-min run/walk. A positive result was defined as a fall of at least 15% in FEV, or PEFR or 25% in FEF25-75 at some point within 20 min postexercise. A total of 27 out of 37 patients in this select group had positive tests (73%), with a mean fall in FEF25-75 of 31.9%. Of these 27 children with EIB, 16 had a history of atopy, 23 had clinical symptoms of EIB, and 21 were overweight. Of the 12 nonatopic children with EIB, 9 were overweight, with a mean fall in FEF25-75 of 32.1%. These 9 came from a total pool of 10 overweight, nonatopic children (90%). Being overweight was associated with a high incidence of EIB independent of a history of atopic disease.

MYXOEDEMA COMA

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preben Elling Nielsen ◽  
Poul Ranløv
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lymphoid Infiltration ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Precipitating Factor ◽  
Low Serum

ABSTRACT Two fatal cases of myxoedema coma are reported. Case 1 was a woman who had, 4 months previously, undergone thyroidectomy and found to have Hashimoto's goitre. Case 2 was a 81-year-old widow with no previous history of thyroid disorder. Seventy cases reported in the literature are reviewed, and the symptoms and signs, autopsy findings, and treatment of myxoedema coma are discussed on the basis of 41 definite cases. It is apparent that cold was the most important precipitating factor, since nearly all the cases occurred during the winter months. Whether infection induces coma cannot be decided with certainty. There is no evidence that myxoedema coma is caused by or complicated by an accumulation of carbon dioxide, hypoglycaemia, or hypotension. All the patients had a low serum sodium, but normal serum potassium. Autopsy was carried out on 25 patients. A remarkable number showed signs of auto-immune thyroid disorder, 5 having Hashimoto's goitre, 4 severe lymphoid infiltration in the thyroid gland, and one Riedl's goitre. Thirteen out of 17 patients who survived or improved temporarily during treatment had been given 1-triiodothyronine (TIT). Out of the 24 patients who died only 9 had received TIT. The average dose was more than twice as high in 17 patients who survived or showed temporary improvement as in 24 patients who died. Warming was tried in a number of cases, but without any convincing effect. All the patients who survived had received steroid medication, and — in addition to TIT — steroid therapy seems to be indicated in the treatment of these patients.

Discovery of asymptomatic moyamoya arteriopathy in pediatric syndromic populations: radiographic and clinical progression

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. E6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Lin ◽  
Lissa Baird ◽  
McKenzie Koss ◽  
Kimberly E. Kopecky ◽  
Evelyne Gone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Routine Surveillance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Object Limited data exist to guide management of incidentally discovered pediatric moyamoya. Best exemplified in the setting of unilateral moyamoya, in which the unaffected side is monitored, this phenomenon also occurs in populations undergoing routine surveillance of the cerebral vasculature for other conditions, such as sickle cell disease (SCD) or neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). The authors present their experience with specific syndromic moyamoya populations to better characterize the natural history of radiographic and clinical progression in patients with asymptomatic moyamoya. Methods The authors performed a retrospective review of the clinical database of the neurosurgery department at Children's Hospital Boston, including both nonoperative referrals and a consecutive series of 418 patients who underwent surgical revascularization for moyamoya disease between 1988 and 2010. Results Within the period of time studied, 83 patients were asymptomatic at the time of radiographic diagnosis of moyamoya, while also having either unilateral moyamoya or moyamoya in association with either SCD or NF1. The mean age at presentation was 9.1 years (range 1–21 years), and there were 49 female (59%) and 34 male (41%) patients. The mean follow-up duration was 5.4 ± 3.8 years (mean ± SD), with 45 patients (54%) demonstrating radiographic progression and 37 (45%) becoming symptomatic within this period. Patients with SCD had the highest incidence of both radiographic (15 patients [75%]) and clinical (13 patients [65%]) progression, followed by NF1 (20 patients [59%] with radiographic progression and 15 patients [44%] with clinical progression) and patients with unilateral moyamoya (10 patients [35%] with radiographic progression and 9 patients [31%] with clinical progression). Conclusions Radiographic progression occurred in the majority of asymptomatic patients and generally heralded subsequent clinical symptoms. These data demonstrate that moyamoya is a progressive disorder, even in asymptomatic populations, and support the rationale of early surgical intervention to minimize morbidity from stroke.

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