scholarly journals Delivering life, delivering death: Reaper drones, hysteria and maternity

2021 ◽  
pp. 096701062199762
Author(s):  
Lindsay C Clark
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Military Technology ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Medical Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drone Warfare ◽  
The Way

Like all warfare, drone warfare is deeply gendered. This article explores how this military technology sediments or disrupts existing conceptualizations of women who kill in war. The article using the concept of motherhood as a narrative organizing trope and introduces a ‘fictional’ account of motherhood and drone warfare and data from a ‘real life’ account of a pregnant British Reaper operator. The article considers the way trauma experienced by Reaper drone crews is reported in a highly gendered manner, reflecting the way women’s violence is generally constructed as resulting from personal failures, lost love and irrational emotionality. This irrational emotionality is tied to a long history of medicalizing women’s bodies and psychologies because of their reproductive capacities and, specifically, their wombs – explored in this article under the historico-medical term of ‘hysteria’. The article argues that where barriers to women’s participation in warfare have, in the past, hinged upon their (argued) physical weakness, and where technology renders these barriers obsolete, there remains the tenacious myth that women are emotionally incapable of conducting lethal operations – a myth based on (mis)conceptions of the ‘naturalness’ of motherhood and the feminine capacity to give life.

scholarly journals Traditsiia prazdnovaniia Navruza kak element mezhkul'turnoi kommunikatsii v molodezhnoi srede

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Zukhra Abdurashidovna Tselishcheva ◽  
Elena Valer'evna Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Image ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

This article examines the essence and existence of traditional historical roots of culture, which have their expression in various forms, for example, in holidays. As a result of humanity's understanding of itself in the framework of real life, a holiday creates a portrait of the society of each era. It reflects the whole system of aesthetic, moral, ethical, religious criteria of society accumulated in the historical run of time. It is important to note that the article attempts to study not the history of the holiday tradition when we are dealing with the past, but with the way people relate to the past. The unique cultural image of each era is reflected in the festive sphere, representing a set of values, norms, cultural patterns of the state.

scholarly journals ‘A Likeness made From First Hand Witness’?: The Discursive Position of a Purported Crazy Horse Photograph

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Grace Campbell Russell
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Manifest Destiny ◽  
American Frontier ◽  
Cultural Object ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

<p>This dissertation is concerned with the ways in which photographs are discursively deployed and used in the writing of history. More specifically, it will consider how photos, and the historical, scientific, ethnographic and romantic discourses surrounding them, are used to erase or ‘make safe’ the traces of the radical resistances of dominated groups within colonial frameworks. The case explored here concerns the tintype photograph claimed as being of the Lakota chief and warrior Crazy Horse (c.1840-1877). Exhibited by the Custer Battlefield Museum in Montana, the claim that this photograph is of Crazy Horse is controversial. It is generally thought that no visual likeness of Crazy Horse exists; and his refusal to be photographed can be read as a practice of opposition to his assimilation into colonial narratives and accounts of American frontier history. In claiming the photo to be of Crazy Horse, the history of his resistance is rewritten and repositioned. This changes the way he becomes knowable and understandable within the contexts of (neo)colonial discourses and narratives, in which Native Americans are often relegated to the past, and appear either as casualties of the policies of Manifest Destiny, or as a romantic other which has been symbolically integrated into American mythic culture. This dissertation focuses on how the claim that this photograph is of Crazy Horse is made, and how the various associated cultural fields (photography, historiography, museology) are affected by, and play into, such a claim. This involves identifying the discursive processes and disciplinary mechanisms through which meaning is produced in relation to a particular cultural object. It considers the supposed photograph of Crazy Horse as an example of how history assigns significance to objects “in terms of the possibilities they generate for producing or transforming reality” (de Certeau, 1986:202), rather than as representations or reflections of reality.</p>

Veronicas and Artists

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Religious Images ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way ◽  
Contemporary Artists

Chapter One deals with several central issues with regard to understanding the role of religious motifs in contemporary art. Besides being a repetition of imagery from the past, religious motifs embedded in contemporary artworks become a means to problematise not only the way different periods in the history of art are delimited, but larger and seemingly more rigid distinctions as those between art and non-art images. Early religious images differ significantly from art images. The two types are regulated according to different sets of rules related to the conditions of their production, display, appreciation and the way images are invested with the status of being true or authentic instances of art or sacred images. Chapter One provides a discussion of the important motif of the image not made by an artist’s hand, or acheiropoietos, and its survival and transformation, including its traces in contemporary image-making practices. All images are the result of human making; they are fictions. The way the conditions of these fictions are negotiated, or the way the role of the maker is brought to visibility, or concealed, is a defining feature of the specific regime of representation. While the cult image concealed its maker in order to maintain its public significance, and the later art image celebrated the artist as a re-inventor of the old image, contemporary artists cite religious images in order to reflect on the very procedures that produce the public significance and status of images.

History Repeating Itself. The function of turning points and continuity in three historical narratives on operetta

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Mikael Strömberg
Keyword(s):  
Turning Points ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Narrative Strategy ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The article’s primary aim is to discuss the function of turning points and continuity within historiography. That a historical narrative, produced at a certain time and place, influence the way the historian shapes and develops the argument is problematized by an emphasis on the complex relationship between turning points and continuity as colligatory concepts within an argumentative framework. Aided by a number of examples from three historical narratives on operetta, the article stresses the importance of creating new narratives about the past. Two specific examples from the history of operetta, the birth of the genre and the role of music, are used to illustrate the need to revise not only the use of source material and the narrative strategy used, but also how the argument proposed by the historian gathers strength. The interpretation of turning points and continuity as colligatory concepts illustrate the need to revise earlier historical narratives when trying to counteract the repetitiveness of history.

History and Change

2018 ◽  
pp. 483-500
Author(s):  
David Paroissien
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Novels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

This chapter questions the view that Dickens took little interest in history and remained ignorant of the challenge of writing about the past. Following John Forster’s dismissal of A Child’s History of England as ‘that little book’, which ‘cannot be said to have quite hit the mark’, A Child’s History, Barnaby Rudge, and A Tale of Two Cities have received often unsympathetic treatment, particularly with respect to the way the past is used in his two historical novels. Read within the context of ideas about history advocated by Carlyle and Macaulay in the 1830s, this chapter contends that fresh light can be shed on Dickens’s awareness of historiography and on his familiarity with an invigorated approach to the discipline advocated by the two most prominent historians of the first half of the nineteenth century.

The Words that Predict the Outbreak of Wars

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hogenraad
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cuban Missile Crisis ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
World War ◽  
Need For Affiliation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Need For Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
War And Conflict

McClelland has shown how passionate reformist zeal for social justice is often the link between an “imperial motivation pattern” (i.e., high need for power and low need for affiliation) and subsequent wars. If we could predict the outbreak of past conflicts from observing the gap between affiliation and power in stories and documents of the past, we could also analyze documents of the present and point at the gap as a signal of alert of future conflicts. With the help of the new computer-readable MOTIVE DICTIONARY, I content analyzed literary stories and real-life documents concerned with war and conflict. The dictionary rests on three axes, which are: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power. Examples of such narratives and documents are William Golding's Lord of the Flies, Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War, Tolstoy's War and Peace, a 373-page document produced in Washington in 1944 under the title of Events Leading Up to World War II. Chronological History Of Certain Major International Events Leading Up To and During World War II with the Ostensible Reasons Advanced For Their Occurrence. 1931-1944, and Robert F. Kennedy's Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. With close to impeccable precision, the gap between affiliation and power widens as the conflicts develop, with power higher than affiliation, and narrows if and when serenity resumes.

Links between meteorites and asteroids

1981 ◽  
Vol 374 (1757) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Parent Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

During the past decade, there has been a rapid growth in studies of the physical properties of the asteroids. In consequence, there now exists a much better basis than there was hitherto for comparing the properties of meteorites, determined in the laboratory, with those of asteroids. The way in which recent measurements of asteroids and meteorites can be interrelated to determine the nature and history of a meteorite parent body is illustrated via a case study of the asteroid Vesta and the Ca-rich achondrite Kapoeta.

scholarly journals Inspiration of Astronomy in the Movies: a History of a Close Encounter

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1 and 2) ◽  
pp. 357-371
Author(s):  
Beatriz García ◽  
Estela Reynoso ◽  
Silvina Pérez Alvarez ◽  
Raúl Gabellone
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Science History ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Giordano Bruno ◽  
The Media

The connection between astronomy and an independent, widespread cultural expression like cinematography is of particular interest within the context of the Inspiration of Astronomical Phenomena. Astronomy has caught the interest of the seventh art since its birth, early in the twentieth century. In this paper we go through a collection of movies that reveal how astronomy and astronomers are perceived by society. We notice the influence of the progress achieved in astronautics in the second half of the past century, and how interplanetary or even intergalactic travels have become a recurrent issue. In many cases, astronomical facts are rigorously treated, but several other times, serious mistakes are transmitted. Biographical movies based on astronomical celebrities are rare, but some are masterpieces, like Giordano Bruno by Giuliano Montaldo, or Galileo Galilei by Liliana Cavani. In this sense the astronomers, as main characters in cinema, support the idea of the scientist as everyman, connected with life and, in many cases, with a sense of social responsibility. From the analysis of more than a hundred movies, we can see that this particular manifestation of art, which involves science and technology, can be used not only to reproduce astronomical events, transmit a message or reproduce a particular epoch of science history, but also to teach, to develop a critical faculty when faced with information from the media, and to show that astronomical facts can be as interesting, relevant, dramatic, happy or funny as real life.

scholarly journals Nyanyian Adat Masyarakat Desa Longgar: Suatu Pendekatan Hermeneutika

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Nita Handayani Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Language Ability ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Local Language ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Languages ◽  
The Way

The existence of folksong is an important thing for the Moluccas. It has functions as an entertainment and the way to deliver the events that existed in the past. This research discuss about jarjinjin and largula folksongs based on hermeneutics approach. The purposes of this research are to transcript and to understand the deepest meaning of the jarjinjin and largula folksongs, and to know the functions of those folksongs for the owner and the young generations. Jarjinjin and largula comes from Longgar village, Kepulauan Aru district, Maluku province. This research use qualitative description method. After transcripted and analyzed  the lyrics, the results show about the history of Longgar, Karey, and Gomu-Gomu village; the folksongs taught the people always remember the message of the ancestors in maintaining brotherhood and culture. For the owner, jarjinjin and largula made brotherhood relation closed beyond the villagers in Longgar, Karey, and Gomu-Gomu village; remaining the history of the ancestors; preservation of local languages; entertaining, because they have sang together and escorting by stampted drums and gongs; and maintaining and preserving the tradition. For young generations, they improved the knowledge about the history of Aru’s ancestors; practicing and demonstrating local language ability; reinforcing love of the history; and maintaining and preserving the tradition. Keberadaan nyanyian rakyat bagi masyarakat Maluku merupakan hal yang penting. Nyanyian rakyat berfungsi sebagai penghibur hati dan cara untuk  menyampaikan peristiwa-peristiwa yang ada di masa lampau. Penelitian ini mengkaji nyanyian adat yang berjudul jarjinjin dan largula dengan menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mentranskripsi nyanyian adat jarjinjin dan largula, mengetahui makna yang terkandung di dalamnya, dan mengetahui fungsi kedua nyanyian adat bagi pemilik lagu dan generasi muda. Lagu jarjinjin dan largula merupakan nyanyian adat yang berasal dari Desa Longgar, Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru, Maluku. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Setelah melakukan transkripsi dan analisis terhadap kedua lirik-lirik lagu, diketahui kedua nyanyian adat tersebut menceritakan perjalanan sejarah nenek moyang desa Longgar, Karey, dan Gomu-Gomu. Selain itu, dalam nyanyian adat mengandung ajaran untuk selalu mengingat pesan leluhur dalam menjaga persaudaraan dan adat-istiadat. Fungsi bagi pemilik lagu yaitu mendekatkan hubungan persaudaraan antar masyarakat Desa Longgar, Karey, dan Gomu-Gomu; mengingatkan sejarah perjalanan leluhur; pelestarian bahasa daerah; penghibur hati, karena dinyanyikan secara bersama-sama dan diiringi alat musik tifa dan gong; dan menjaga serta melestarikan tradisi. Sedangkan fungsi lagu jarjinjin dan largula bagi generasi muda yaitu menambah pengetahuan terkait sejarah perjalanan leluhur masyarakat Aru; media melatih dan mempertunjukkan kemampuan berbahasa daerah; memperkuat rasa cinta terhadap sejarah masa lalu; serta menjaga dan melestarikan tradisi.

scholarly journals KAZAKH BATYRY BECOMING AN EXAMPLE OF COURAGE AND HEROISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Sagatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
National History ◽  
Native Land ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cognitive Foundations ◽  
Independent Country ◽  
The Way

Today our independent country is following the path of self-development, paying attention to the cognitive foundations and roots of our national history. The beginning of the striving for the realization of great goals - reveals its essence in connection with the study of the history of the country, native land. Having analyzed the past history, the author in his article, referring to the merit and activities of great personalities who have left a bright mark and contributed to great historical achievements, focuses on the role of their worldview. This marked the beginning of the study of the personality of Kazakh batyrs, who were messengers of spirit and honor on the way to the unity of our country, an example of courage and heroism - an example of the steppe.

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