Nursing care in mental health: Human rights and ethical issues

2020 ◽  
pp. 096973302095210
Author(s):  
Carla Aparecida Arena Ventura ◽  
Wendy Austin ◽  
Bruna Sordi Carrara ◽  
Emanuele Seicenti de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Mental Health Nurses

People with mental illness are subjected to stigma and discrimination and constantly face restrictions in the exercise of their political, civil and social rights. Considering this scenario, mental health, ethics and human rights are key approaches to advance the well-being of persons with mental illnesses. The study was conducted to review the scope of the empirical literature available to answer the research question: What evidence is available regarding human rights and ethical issues regarding nursing care to persons with mental illnesses? A scoping review methodology guided by Arksey and O’Malley was used. Studies were identified by conducting electronic searches on CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS and Hein databases. Of 312 citations, 26 articles matched the inclusion criteria. The central theme which emerged from the literature was “Ethics and Human Rights Boundaries to Mental Health Nursing practice”. Mental health nurses play a key and valuable role in ensuring that their interventions are based on ethical and human rights principles. Mental health nurses seem to have difficulty engaging with the ethical issues in mental health, and generally are dealing with acts of paternalism and with the common justification for those acts. It is important to open a debate regarding possible solutions for this ethical dilemma, with the purpose to enable nurses to function in a way that is morally acceptable to the profession, patients and members of the public. This review may serve as an instrument for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, to reflect about how to fulfil their ethical responsibilities towards persons with mental illnesses, protecting them from discrimination and safeguarding their human rights, respecting their autonomy, and as a value, keeping the individual at the centre of ethical discourse.

scholarly journals Latent or Manifest Observers: Two Dichotomous Approaches of Surveillance in Mental Health Nursing

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Salzmann-Erikson ◽  
Henrik Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Psychiatric Nursing ◽  
Twelve Step ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Central Activity ◽  
Health Nursing

Background. Surveillance is a central activity among mental health nursing, but it is also questioned for its therapeutic value and considered to be custodial.Aim. The aim of this study was to describe how mental health nurses use different approaches to observe patients in relation to the practice of surveillance in psychiatric nursing care.Methods. In this study, Spradley's twelve-step ethnographic method was used.Results. Mental health nurses use their cultural knowing to observe patients in psychiatric care in various ways. Two dichotomous approaches were identified: the latent and the manifest approach.Discussion. Different strategies and techniques for observing patients are structured along two dichotomies. The underlying relationships between these two different dichotomous positions transform the act of observing into surveillance. This is further developed in a theoretical model called the powerful scheme of observation and surveillance (PSOS).

scholarly journals Collaborative Identification and Prioritisation of Mental Health Nursing Care Process Metrics and Indicators: A Delphi Consensus Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hunter ◽  
Nora Barrett ◽  
Anne Gallen ◽  
Gillian Conway ◽  
Anne Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Care Processes ◽  
Process Metrics ◽  
Health Nursing

Abstract Background The Irish Office of Nursing & Midwifery Services Director (ONMSD) commissioned the development an updated suite of mental health nursing metrics and indicators for implementation in Irish mental health clinical settings. While measuring care processes does offer the potential to improve care quality, the choice of which mental health nursing metrics to measure presents a significant challenge, both in Ireland and internationally. The provision of safe and high-quality mental health nursing care stems from nurses’ expertise, skills and overall capacity to provide recovery focused care across a range of health care settings. Accordingly, efforts to measure what mental health nurses do depends on the identification of those care processes that contribute to mental health nursing practice. This paper reports on the identification, development and prioritisation of a national suite of Quality Care Metrics (QCM), along with their associated indicators, for mental health nursing care processes in Ireland. Methods The study was undertaken over four phases; i) a systematic literature review to identify mental health care process metrics and their associated indicators of measurement; ii) a two-round, online Delphi survey of mental health nurses to develop consensus on the suit of mental health nursing care process metrics; iii) a two-round online Delphi survey of mental health nurses to develop consensus on the indicators to be used to measure the agreed metrics; and iv) a face-to-face consensus meeting with mental health nurses and service user representatives to develop consensus on the final suite of metrics and indicators. Results Following these four phases 9 metrics and their 73 associated indicators were agreed for inclusion in the final suite of Mental Health Nursing QCM. These metrics are applicable across the life span and the range of mental health nursing health care settings. Conclusion The development of this suite of Mental Health Nursing QCM and their indicators represents an opportunity for the measurement of safe and high-quality mental health nursing care for application in Ireland and internationally. This initial development of metrics and indicators should be followed by a rigorous baseline review of QCM uptake and implementation amongst mental health nurses as part of an ongoing evaluation.

scholarly journals Salutogenic-Oriented Mental Health Nursing: Strengthening Mental Health Among Adults with Mental Illness

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-208
Author(s):  
Nina Helen Mjøsund ◽  
Monica Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Promotion ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Complete Mental Health ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Adults With Mental Illness

AbstractThis chapter focuses on mental health promotion with a salutogenic understanding of mental health as an individual’s subjective well-being encompassing both feelings and functioning. Mental health is an ever-present aspect of life, relevant for everybody; thus, to promote mental health is a universal ambition. Our chapter is written with adults with mental illness in need of mental health nursing in mind. To understand the present and make suggestions for the future, knowledge of the past is needed. We elaborate on historical trends of nursing, nursing models, and the hospital setting to support our statement; persons with mental illness need a more complete mental health nursing care, including salutogenic mental health promotion. In the last part of the chapter, we introduce the salutogenic-oriented mental health nursing, and further showing how salutogenesis can be integrated in nursing care for persons with mental illness. As well as elaborating on the features of salutogenic-oriented mental health nursing, and briefly present the Act-Belong-Commit framework for mental health promotion as an example of salutogenesis in nursing practice.

scholarly journals How has Covid-19 affected mental health nurses and the delivery of mental health nursing care in the UK? Results of a mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Una Foye ◽  
Christian Dalton-Locke ◽  
Jasmine Harju-Seppanen ◽  
Rebecca Lane ◽  
Lewys Beams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Inpatient Settings ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionWhile evidence has emerged concerning the impact of Covid-19 on the general population and the challenges facing health services, much less is known regarding how the pandemic has directly affected the delivery of mental health nursing care.AimThis paper aims to explore how Covid-19 has affected the ability of mental health nurses to deliver care in community and inpatient mental health services in the UK.MethodWe investigated staff reports regarding the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental healthcare and mental health service users in the UK, using a mixed methods online survey. A total of 897 nurses across a range of inpatient and community settings participated.DiscussionKey themes within the data explore: new ways of working; remote working; risks of infection/infection control challenges; and the impact on service users. Targeted guidelines are required to support mental health nurses providing care and support during a pandemic to people in severe mental distress, often in unsuitable environments.Implications for PracticeService developments need to occur alongside tailored guidance and support for staff welfare supported by clear leadership. These findings identify areas requiring attention and investment to prepare for future crises and the consequences of the pandemic.Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?During the Covid-19 pandemic there has been research considering the impact on medical healthcare professionals and the mental health needs of the general population. However, limited focus has been placed on mental health services or mental health staff providing care in the community and in hospitals. Whilst nurses make up the largest section of the mental health workforce in the UK, the impact that this pandemic has had on their work has been largely ignored.What the paper adds to existing knowledge?This paper provides a unique insight into the experiences and impact that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on mental health nurses across a range of community and inpatient settings to understand what has changed in their work and the care they can and do provide during this crisis. This includes exploring how services have changed, the move to remote working, the impact of the protective equipment crisis on nurses, and the difficult working conditions facing those in inpatient settings where there is minimal guidance provided.What are the implications for practice?By understanding the impact the pandemic has had on mental health nursing care, we can understand the gaps in guidance that exist, the challenges being faced, and the impact the crisis has had on care for mental health service users. By doing so we can plan for the ongoing nature of this pandemic as well as the aftermath that the crisis may leave for our service users and workforce alike.Relevance StatementThis paper provides insight into the impact that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on the service and care that mental health nurses are expected to and can provide. As a workforce that often requires ongoing face to face contact with service users, many in serious distress, in inpatient and community settings, it is important that we understand their experiences and the challenges and risks that face this workforce. This will enable us to ensure that future planning, guidance, support and safeguarding can take place during the ongoing and future crises.

Crime-Preventing Neurointerventions and the Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Forsberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Mental Health Legislation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Legal Regimes ◽  
Health Legislation

Anti-libidinal interventions (ALIs) are a type of crime-preventing neurointervention (CPN) already in use in many jurisdictions. This chapter examines different types of legal regimes under which ALIs might be provided to sex offenders. The types of legal regimes examined are dedicated statutes that directly provide for ALI use, consensual ALI provision under general medical law principles, mental health legislation providing for ALI use (exemplified by the mental health regime in England and Wales), and European human rights law as it pertains to ALI provision. The chapter considers what we might learn from ALIs in respect of likely or possible arrangements for the provision of other CPNs, and draws attention to some ethical issues raised by each of these types of regime, worth keeping in mind when considering arrangements for CPN provision.

The Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Workforce: Large Numbers, Little Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Hanrahan ◽  
Gail W. Stuart ◽  
Pat Brown ◽  
Mary Johnson ◽  
Claire Burke Draucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nursing Workforce ◽  
Health Care Market ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Mental Health Nurses ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing

Managing the supply of psychiatric-mental health nursing labor, determining the financial incentives associated with the provision of services by these providers, and ensuring optimal patient and cost outcomes are critical elements of cost control and patient safety in the current health care market. Knowledge of the psychiatric-mental health nursing workforce is needed to plan and evaluate cost-effective programs to accomplish the aforementioned elements. However, the psychiatric-mental health nursing workforce data are woefully inadequate. This paper will review the extent to which national data sources contain workforce information on psychiatric-mental health nurses.

scholarly journals Undergraduate Education in Psychiatry in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Roy Abraham Kallivayalil ◽  
Arun Enara
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Treatment Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Education In India

AbstractMedical education curricula, from around the world, have often neglected psychiatry as a subject of importance in undergraduate medical training.In India, the scenario has not been different from the rest of the world. The National Mental Health Survey done in India, recently, estimates a treatment gap of around 80–85% for various mental illnesses. This provides a strong case to strengthen the undergraduate psychiatry curricula since it would help tackle the treatment gap of common mental disorders in the community.Further, a strong educational foundation with meaningful inclusion of mental health and well-being, will also make the trainee aware of their own mental well-being and better help seeking behaviour in the medical student. In this article, we look to review the evolution of undergraduate medical education in India.

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