scholarly journals Septicemia and meningoencephalitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in two neonatal llamas

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian K. Hawkins ◽  
Marcia Ilha ◽  
Eman Anis ◽  
Rebecca P. Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
South American ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
South American Camelids ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
The Brain

Listeriosis is a disease of humans and domestic mammals (mainly ruminants) with variable manifestations, primarily encephalitis, septicemia, and abortion. Although Listeria monocytogenes readily causes illness in ruminants, the prevalence among domestic South American camelids (llamas and alpacas) is low and has not been documented in their wild counterparts, the vicuna and guanaco. We describe herein the clinical signs, autopsy findings, and histopathology of septicemia and suppurative meningoencephalitis caused by L. monocytogenes in 2 neonatal llamas ( Llama glama) from the same herd. L. monocytogenes was isolated in pure culture and identified by real-time PCR on fresh and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of the brain from both crias. This presentation of septicemic listeriosis with meningoencephalitis in 2 animals from the same group is unusual, especially among llamas.

scholarly journals Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Giovanni Franzo ◽  
Michele Drigo ◽  
Matteo Legnardi ◽  
Laura Grassi ◽  
Maria Luisa Menandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Swine Population ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Differently from alpha- and betaherpesviruses affecting swine, interest in the recently discovered Suid gammaherpesvirus 3, Suid gammaherpesvirus 4, and Suid gammaherpesvirus 5, also known as porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3), has largely focused on their role as potential zoonotic agents in cases of xenotransplantation. However, their role as primary pathogens of swine or as co-factors for other lymphotropic infections has essentially been neglected. The present study aims at filling this gap, evaluating the association between PLHVs infection and different clinical conditions and/or porcine circovirus (PCV) co-infection. One hundred seventy-six samples were obtained from different animals located in a high-density pig area of Northern Italy in the period 2017–2020. The presence of PLHVs and PCVs was tested and quantified by specific real-time PCR: PLHVs were widespread among pigs (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3 prevalence was 28.97%, 10.79%, and 4.54%, respectively) and detected in all considered tissues and clinical conditions. Frequent co-infections were also observed among PLHVs and with PCVs, although a significant association was not detected with the exception of a positive interaction between PLHV-1 and PLHV-3, and a negative one between PLHV-2 and PCV-2. Significantly, no association between PLHVs, alone or in co-infection, emerged with any of the considered clinical signs, their frequency being comparable between healthy and diseased animals. Based on these pieces of evidence and despite their high prevalence, PLHVs’ relevance for the swine industry appears negligible, either as primary pathogens or as predisposing factors for circovirus-induced diseases.

scholarly journals Real-time PCR strategy for parasite quantification in blood and tissue samples of experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection

Acta Tropica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Caldas ◽  
Ivo Santana Caldas ◽  
Lívia de Figueiredo Diniz ◽  
Wanderson Geraldo de Lima ◽  
Riva de Paula Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cruzi Infection

scholarly journals Development and validation of qualitative SYBR®Green Real-Time PCR for detection and discrimination of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 4021-4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Barbau-Piednoir ◽  
Nadine Botteldoorn ◽  
Marc Yde ◽  
Jacques Mahillon ◽  
Nancy H. Roosens
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals Ability of Real-time PCR in diagnose Differentiation Various Forms of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Comparative Study with Histopathology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Fekri Soofi Abadi ◽  
Meisam Fekri ◽  
alireza moradabadi ◽  
Reza Vahidi ◽  
Simin Shamsi Meymandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Histopathological Evaluation ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Abstract objective: Histopathological studies suggest that parasite load is different between acute and chronic forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, highly sensitive detection methods are still needed to distinguish different forms of leishmaniasis. In the present study, we developed a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and quantify leishmania tropica parasites in paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Results: The ability of real-time PCR for leishmania detection was higher than histopathological evaluation. The parasite loads were quantified by qPCR assay and microscopic evaluation were highly correlated ( r =0.598; P <0.001). Among patients, the parasite load was inversely correlated with disease duration (acute CL lesions had very higher parasite loads than chronic CL lesions), but there was no difference in parasite load according to the patients’ age and sex as well as location of the lesions. In contrast to Ridley scoring system (P<0.001), there were no statistically significant differences in the relative number of parasites among the lupoid and non-lupoid forms of chronic lesions in real-time PCR (P=0.549), which indicates the superiority of histopathological evaluation in CL forms differentiation.

scholarly journals Cloning, Characterization, and Expression Features of Chicken CDS2 Splicing Variants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Xu ◽  
Shuping Zhang ◽  
Yujun Guo ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Yanqun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Exogenous Insulin ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background: The CDS gene encodes the CDP-diacylglycerol synthase enzyme that catalyzes the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) from phosphatidic acid. At present, there are no reports of CDS2 in birds. Here, we identified chicken CDS2 transcripts by combining conventional RT- PCR amplification, 5' RACE (Fig. 1A), and 3' RACE, explored the spatio-temporal expression profiles of total CDS2 and the longest transcript variant CDS2-4, and investigated the effect of exogenous insulin on total the mRNA level of CDS2 by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Four transcripts of chicken CDS2 (CDS2-1, -2, -3, and -4) were identified, which were alternatively spliced at the 3′-untranslated region (UTR). CDS2 was widely expressed in all tissues examined and the longest variant CDS2-4 was the major transcript. Both total CDS2 and CDS2-4 were prominently expressed in adipose tissue and the heart, and exhibited low expression in the liver and pectoralis of 49 day-old chickens. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that total CDS2 and CDS2-4 had different spatio-temporal expression patterns in chicken. Total CDS2 exhibited a similar temporal expression tendency with a high level in the later period of incubation (embryonic day 19 [E19] or 1-day-old) in the brain, liver, and pectoralis. While CDS2-4 presented a distinct temporal expression pattern in these tissues, CDS2-4 levels peaked at 21 days in the brain and pectoralis, while liver CDS2-4 mRNA levels were highest at the early stage of hatching (E10). Total CDS2 (P < 0.001) and CDS2-4 (P = 0.0090) mRNA levels in the liver were differentially regulated throughout development of the chicken. Exogenous insulin significantly downregulated the level of total CDS2 at 240 min in the pectoralis of Silky chickens (P < 0.01). Total CDS2 levels in the liver of Silky chickens were higher than that of the broiler in the basal state and after insulin stimulation. Conclusion: Chicken CDS2 has multiple transcripts with variation at the 3′-UTR, which was prominently expressed in adipose tissue. Total CDS2 and CDS2-4 presented distinct spatio-temporal expression patterns, and they were differentially regulated with age in liver. Insulin could regulate chicken CDS2 levels in a breed- and tissue-specific manner.

scholarly journals Detection of Aspergillus species in bone marrow transplant patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (08) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Badiee ◽  
Abdolvahab Alborzi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplant ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Transplant Patients

Introduction:  Invasive aspergillosis is a severe complication of cytotoxic chemotherapies and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The aim of this study was to assess the utility of a real-time PCR assay for the early diagnosis of Aspergillus species in blood samples from BMT patients. Methodology: Blood specimens (n = 993) from patients (n = 82) scheduled for BMT were collected prior to transplant and for 100 days post transplantation.  The specimens were later tested using an Aspergillus-specific real-time PCR assay. Cultures of clinical samples, along with sonography and computerized tomographic scans, were performed as standard of care. Results: Aspergillus DNA was positive in 94 sequential blood samples from 13 patients with clinical and radiological signs of infection. Samples from three of these patients were PCR-positive for Aspergillus in the first week of admission, prior to transplantation. Four patients with aspergillosis were cured with antifungal agents and nine died. An additional 12 patients without clinical signs of infection were PCR-positive on one occasion each, while two patients with clinical signs of infection were PCR-negative. Compared to routine methods of aspergillosis diagnosis, the respective sensitivity, specificity, negative, and positive predictive values of the PCR method by patient were 86.6%, 82%, 96.5% and 52%. Conclusions: The results show that Aspergillus infections in the blood of bone marrow transplant patients can be dectected by PCR methods. Early detection of Aspergillus infections by PCR has the potential to positively impact patient mortality rate and provide cost savings to hospitals.

scholarly journals Detection of Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus in apparently healthy sheep by real-time TaqMan PCR in comparison with histopathological findings

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliasghar Bahari ◽  
Masoud Sabouri Ghannad ◽  
Omid Dezfoulian ◽  
Fereydon Rezazadeh ◽  
Ali Sadeghi-Nasab
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Ovine Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Healthy Sheep

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to use TaqMan real-time PCR technique to investigate Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) proviral DNA in whole blood samples of sheep, and compare the results to those of histopathological examinations. Material and Methods: Eighty blood samples from clinically healthy sheep were randomly collected before the animals were slaughtered. Ten tissue samples from each lung and associated caudal mediastinal lymph node were taken. Results: Fifteen (18.75%) blood samples were found to contain proviral DNA, and 11 (13.75%) corresponding lung samples showed microscopic changes consistent with ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma. None of the samples displayed metastases to the caudal mediastinal lymph nodes. The prominent pattern of neoplastic nodules consisted of acinar (alveolar) form. Conclusion: The results indicated the higher sensitivity of real-time PCR compared to histopathological examinations in detection of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

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