Therapist–Patient Demographic Profile Matching: A Movement Toward Performance-Based Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-683
Author(s):  
David A. Patterson Silver Wolf (Adelv Unegv ◽  
Catherine N. Dulmus ◽  
Eugene Maguin ◽  
Braden K. Linn ◽  
Travis W. Hales
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
White Female ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Profile Matching ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Female Therapists

Purpose: Patients of substance use disorder (SUD), who successfully complete the treatment programs recommended by their therapists, have better health outcomes than the vast majority who drop out in the middle. We investigated the contribution of race and gender of both patients and therapists to address the cause of treatment noncompletion and gaps in knowledge. Method: Data collected from 11 SUD treatment outpatient programs, comprising 2,230 patients and 69 therapists, were analyzed to understand the effect of therapist–patient profile matching on treatment completion success rate. Results: Of the overall completion rate of 23%, White-male therapists had the highest rate (ranging from 20.4% to 50.0%) followed by White-female therapists (13.9% and 31.2%) dependent on patients’ race or gender. Non-White female and male therapists alike had varied but lesser completion rate. Discussion: Our studies recommend research and practice implementing performance-based practice measures with appropriate patient–therapist matching for better SUD-treatment outcomes.

Impoliteness in hip-hop music

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Delis
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Black Male ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
White Male ◽  
White Female ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The Social ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
And Gender

Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the functionality of impoliteness strategies as rhetorical devices employed by acclaimed African American and White hip-hop artists. It focuses on the social and artistic function of the key discursive element of hip-hop, namely aggressive language. The data for this paper comprise songs of US African American and White performers retrieved from the November 2017 ‘TOP100 Chart’ for international releases on Spotify.com. A cursory look at the sub-corpora (Black male/ Black female/ White male/ White female artists’ sub-corpus) revealed the prominence of the ‘use taboo words’ impoliteness strategy. The analysis of impoliteness instantiations by considering race and gender as determining factors in the lyrics selection process unveiled that both male groups use impoliteness strategies more frequently than female groups. It is also suggested that Black male and White female singers employ impoliteness to resist oppression, offer a counter-narrative about their own experience and self (re)presentation and reinforce in group solidarity.

scholarly journals Little race or gender bias in an experiment of initial review of NIH R01 grant proposals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Forscher ◽  
William Taylor Laimaka Cox ◽  
Markus Brauer ◽  
Patricia G. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Black Male ◽  
White Male ◽  
Principal Investigator ◽  
White Female ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Grant Proposals ◽  
And Gender

Many granting agencies allow reviewers to know the identity of a proposal’s Principal Investigator (PI), which opens the possibility that reviewers discriminate on the basis of PI race and gender. We investigated this experimentally with 48 NIH R01 grant proposals, representing a broad spectrum of NIH-funded science. We modified PI names to create separate White male, White female, Black male, and Black female versions of each proposal, and 412 scientists each submitted initial reviews for three proposals. We find little to no race or gender bias in initial R01 evaluations, and additionally find that any bias that might have been present must be negligible in size. This conclusion was robust to a wide array of statistical model specifications. Pragmatically important bias may be present in other aspects of the granting process, but our evidence suggests that it is not present in the initial round of R01 reviews.

Racial minorities’ attitudes toward interracial couples: An intersection of race and gender

2020 ◽  
pp. 136843021989948
Author(s):  
Roxie Chuang ◽  
Clara Wilkins ◽  
Mingxuan Tan ◽  
Caroline Mead
Keyword(s):  
Asian American ◽  
Black Male ◽  
White Women ◽  
White Male ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
White Female ◽  
Interracial Couples ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Four studies examined racial minorities’ attitudes toward interracial couples. Overall, Asian and Black Americans indicated lower warmth towards interracial than same-race couples. We hypothesized that perceived competition for same-race partners would predict attitudes toward particular pairings. Consistent with predictions, attitudes towards interracial couples varied based on the societal prevalence of particular types of couples. Black American women (but not men) indicated more negative attitudes toward the more common Black male–White female pairing than toward White male–Black female couples. Asian American men (but not women) reported more negative attitudes toward White male–Asian female couples than toward Asian male–White female couples. Furthermore, perceived competition with White men predicted Asian American men’s attitudes toward White male–Asian female couples. Perceived competition with White women drove Black women’s attitudes toward Black male–White female couples. This research highlights the importance of adopting an intersectional approach (examining both race and gender) to understand attitudes toward interracial couples.

Abstract WP405: Age, Race, and Gender Disparities in Door to Needle Time: A Single Center Joint Commission Certified Comprehensive Stroke Center Experience

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari D Moore ◽  
Peter Rock ◽  
Wei LIU ◽  
Jignesh Shah ◽  
Elizabeth Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
White Male ◽  
Hemorrhagic Transformation ◽  
Joint Commission ◽  
White Female ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Functional outcomes and quality of life are known benefits of Activase treatment in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), however, benefit is highly time dependent. Prior studies demonstrate that women and black patients with AIS are less likely to be treated with Activase in < 60 minutes. Utilization of best practice strategies identified in Target Stroke I & II has been an ongoing process improvement initiative at our facility since 2009. Purpose: Our goal was to understand if disparities in Door to Needle Time (DTNT) exist by age, race, or gender at our Joint Commission certified CSC with utilization of best practice strategies. Methods: A retrospective chart analysis with comparison of average DTNT by age, race and gender was performed on all AIS patients receiving Activase in our CSC from 2009-2015 (n=297). Differences in DTNT were analyzed using Student’s t-tests, ANOVA, and linear regression. Results: Median DTNT for all patients was 56 minutes (Male 58, Female 56, Black 61, and White 56). Average DTNT by age did not show any significant correlation with a R 2 =0.003 (F:0.98 p=0.322). Additionally, there were no significant differences among classified age categories (18-55, 56-80, 81-90, 91+; p=0.50). Average DTNT for females and males were observed to be 62.6 (95% CI 58.6-66.7) and 61.0 (95% CI 57.1-65.0), (p=0.57). Average DTNT for Blacks and Whites were observed to be 64.9 (95% CI 56.8-73.0) and 61.1 (95% CI 58.1-64.2), (p=0.35). Further analysis of gender by race classification demonstrated no significant differences in average DTNT (Black-Female 66.7, Black-Male 64.0, White-Female 62.1, White-Male 60.4 - F:0.44 p=0.73). Conclusion: No disparities in DTNT were found for age, race or gender at our CSC from 2009-2015. Target Stroke may have contributed to the absence of disparities. Comparison of DTNTs by age, race and gender before and after instituting Target Stroke at our CSC, other certified centers, and non-certified centers, is planned for our region. Further analyses will include arrival mode, payer source, stroke severity on arrival, off hour presentation, symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation rates, functional outcomes, and discharge disposition.

Mind Cure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakoh Shannon Hickey
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Psychology ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
First Americans ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Political Economic

Mindfulness is widely claimed to improve health and performance, and historians typically say that efforts to promote meditation and yoga therapeutically began in the 1970s. In fact, they began much earlier, and that early history offers important lessons for the present and future. This book traces the history of mind-body medicine from eighteenth-century Mesmerism to the current Mindfulness boom and reveals how religion, race, and gender have shaped events. Many of the first Americans to advocate meditation for healing were women leaders of the Mind Cure movement, which emerged in the late nineteenth century. They believed that by transforming their consciousness, they could also transform oppressive circumstances in which they lived, and some were activists for social reform. Trained by Buddhist and Hindu missionaries, these women promoted meditation through personal networks, religious communities, and publications. Some influenced important African American religious movements, as well. For women and black men, Mind Cure meant not just happiness but liberation in concrete political, economic, and legal terms. The Mind Cure movement exerted enormous pressure on mainstream American religion and medicine, and in response, white, male doctors and clergy with elite academic credentials appropriated some of its methods and channeled them into scientific psychology and medicine. As mental therapeutics became medicalized, individualized, and then commodified, the religious roots of meditation, like the social justice agendas of early Mind Curers, fell away. After tracing how we got from Mind Cure to Mindfulness, this book reveals what got lost in the process.

The Law of the Father, the Law of the Land: Power, Gender and Race in The Shield

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKE CHOPRA-GANT
Keyword(s):  
Race Relations ◽  
White Male ◽  
Legitimate Authority ◽  
Television Series ◽  
Real Power ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Gender

This article examines the construction of gender and race in the television series The Shield (FX 2002–). The article argues that while The Shield seems to offer an ostensibly progressive vision of a multi-cultural society in which race and gender represent no barrier to the possession of legitimate authority, the series premises the possibility of such access to power on the continuing possession of “real” power by a paternalistic white, male figure, thus presenting a regressive conservative vision of gender and race relations in contemporary US society.

scholarly journals The reduction of race and gender bias in clinical treatment recommendations using clinician peer networks in an experimental setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon Centola ◽  
Douglas Guilbeault ◽  
Urmimala Sarkar ◽  
Elaine Khoong ◽  
Jingwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
White Male ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Black Female ◽  
Peer Networks ◽  
Standardized Patient ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

AbstractBias in clinical practice, in particular in relation to race and gender, is a persistent cause of healthcare disparities. We investigated the potential of a peer-network approach to reduce bias in medical treatment decisions within an experimental setting. We created “egalitarian” information exchange networks among practicing clinicians who provided recommendations for the clinical management of patient scenarios, presented via standardized patient videos of actors portraying patients with cardiac chest pain. The videos, which were standardized for relevant clinical factors, presented either a white male actor or Black female actor of similar age, wearing the same attire and in the same clinical setting, portraying a patient with clinically significant chest pain symptoms. We found significant disparities in the treatment recommendations given to the white male patient-actor and Black female patient-actor, which when translated into real clinical scenarios would result in the Black female patient being significantly more likely to receive unsafe undertreatment, rather than the guideline-recommended treatment. In the experimental control group, clinicians who were asked to independently reflect on the standardized patient videos did not show any significant reduction in bias. However, clinicians who exchanged real-time information in structured peer networks significantly improved their clinical accuracy and showed no bias in their final recommendations. The findings indicate that clinician network interventions might be used in healthcare settings to reduce significant disparities in patient treatment.

Star Trek Discovers Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Amy C. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Black Woman ◽  
Real World ◽  
White Male ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Star Trek ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Woman Scientist ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Universe

Women scientists are often seen as anomalous exceptions in the fictional (and indeed real) world of white, male dominated scientific research. Even in the supposedly race and gender blind future of Star Trek, a black woman science specialist is considered revolutionary. Science and technology are a backdrop for the Star Trek universe. The theory and practice that gives the narrative a spectacular speculative frame is often perceived as neutral (or at least benevolent) as Starfleet explores the universe. Star Trek idealises science and the scientist, and throughout much of its history the science future it imagines has been distinctly white and male. This chapter argues that Star Trek has historically given women the space to be scientists, but Discovery goes further than previous entries into the canon by taking a black woman scientist from the margin to the centre of the story and offering a future when neither race nor gender present a barrier.

Different Worlds and Divergent Paths: Academic Careers Defined by Race and Gender

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUANITA JOHNSON-BAILEY ◽  
RONALD CERVERO
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Research University ◽  
White Male ◽  
White Men ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Faculty Interactions ◽  
Disparate Treatment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Academic Lives

In this article, Juanita Johnson-Bailey, a Black female professor, and Ronald M. Cervero, a White male professor, examine and contrast their academic lives by exploring how race and gender have influenced their journeys and their experiences. Using journal excerpts, personal examples, and a comparative list of privileges, the authors present a picture of their different realities at a research university. The depiction of their collective forty years in academia reveals that White men and Black women are regarded and treated differently by colleagues and students. Manifestations of this disparate treatment are evident primarily in classroom and faculty interactions. An examination of the professors' relationships with people and with their institution illustrates that, overall, the Black woman is often relegated to a second-class existence characterized by hostility, isolation, and lack of respect, while the White man lives an ideal academic life as a respected scholar who disseminates knowledge, understands complexity, and embodies objectivity.

“Look! A Black Ethnographer!”: Fanon, Performance, and Critical Ethnography

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-335
Author(s):  
Bryce Henson
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Critical Ethnography ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Do So

This article engages the possibility of a critical Black ethnography and a performative fugitivity. Drawing on the author’s ethnographic research, it examines the tension between being a racialized and gendered person and becoming an ethnographic self. This tension rises when critical Black ethnographers are visually rendered outside the domain of the ethnographer, a category forged against the template of Western White male subjects. Instead, they are interchangeable with the populations they perform research with and suspect to performances of racialized and gendered violence. This opens up an emergent politics for the possibility of a critical Black ethnographer who alters how ethnographic practice is undertaken to grapple with the realities of race and gender by the critical Black ethnographer in the field. That said, the critical Black ethnographer must reconcile being Black, becoming an ethnographer, and what it would mean to be a critical Black ethnographer. To do so, this article draws on Frantz Fanon and situates him as both a performer and a critical ethnographer to analyze how does a critical Black ethnographer engage with performance, performativity, and the performative.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document