scholarly journals Enabling Analysis of Big, Thick, Long, and Wide Data: Data Management for the Analysis of a Large Longitudinal and Cross-National Narrative Data Set

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Winskell ◽  
Robyn Singleton ◽  
Gaelle Sabben
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Communication Practice ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Cross National

Distinctive longitudinal narrative data, collected during a critical 18-year period in the history of the HIV epidemic, offer a unique opportunity to examine how young Africans are making sense of evolving developments in HIV prevention and treatment. More than 200,000 young people from across sub-Saharan Africa took part in HIV-themed scriptwriting contests held at eight discrete time points between 1997 and 2014, creating more than 75,000 narratives. This article describes the data reduction and management strategies developed for our cross-national and longitudinal study of these qualitative data. The study aims to inform HIV communication practice by identifying cultural meanings and contextual factors that inform sexual behaviors and social practices, and also to help increase understanding of processes of sociocultural change. We describe our sampling strategies and our triangulating methodologies, combining in-depth narrative analysis, thematic qualitative analysis, and quantitative analysis, which are designed to enable systematic comparison without sacrificing ethnographic richness.

scholarly journals Precision Agriculture for Resource Use Efficiency in Smallholder Farming Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Cecilia M. Onyango ◽  
Justine M. Nyaga ◽  
Johanna Wetterlind ◽  
Mats Söderström ◽  
Kristin Piikki
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
English Language ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Sub Saharan

Opportunities exist for adoption of precision agriculture technologies in all parts of the world. The form of precision agriculture may vary from region to region depending on technologies available, knowledge levels and mindsets. The current review examined research articles in the English language on precision agriculture practices for increased productivity among smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. A total of 7715 articles were retrieved and after screening 128 were reviewed. The results indicate that a number of precision agriculture technologies have been tested under SSA conditions and show promising results. The most promising precision agriculture technologies identified were the use of soil and plant sensors for nutrient and water management, as well as use of satellite imagery, GIS and crop-soil simulation models for site-specific management. These technologies have been shown to be crucial in attainment of appropriate management strategies in terms of efficiency and effectiveness of resource use in SSA. These technologies are important in supporting sustainable agricultural development. Most of these technologies are, however, at the experimental stage, with only South Africa having applied them mainly in large-scale commercial farms. It is concluded that increased precision in input and management practices among SSA smallholder farmers can significantly improve productivity even without extra use of inputs.

scholarly journals National Culture and Africa Revisited: Ethnolinguistic Group Data From 35 African Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert van Pinxteren
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Group

Africa is a continent of considerable cultural diversity. This diversity does not necessarily run in parallel to the national boundaries that were created in Africa in the colonial period. However, decades of nation building in Africa must have made their mark. Is it possible nowadays to distinguish national cultures in Africa, or are the traditional ethnolinguistic distinctions more important? This article uses an approach developed in cross-cultural psychology to examine these questions. In 2012, Minkov and Hofstede published an article in this journal analyzing World Values Survey data from seven countries in Sub-Saharan Africa at the level of subnational administrative regions. They argued that national culture is also a meaningful concept in this region. This study reexamines the matter. It uses an innovative approach, looking at ethnolinguistic groups instead of at administrative regions and using the much more extensive Afrobarometer survey data set. It finds that although the Minkov/Hofstede study still has merit, the picture is more nuanced in several important ways. There is not one pattern that adequately describes the situation in the whole of Africa.1

Governance and Regional Variation of Homicide Rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Cao ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Regression ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
Cross National

Criminological theories of cross-national studies of homicide have underestimated the effects of quality governance of liberal democracy and region. Data sets from several sources are combined and a comprehensive model of homicide is proposed. Results of the spatial regression model, which controls for the effect of spatial autocorrelation, show that quality governance, human development, economic inequality, and ethnic heterogeneity are statistically significant in predicting homicide. In addition, regions of Latin America and non-Muslim Sub-Saharan Africa have significantly higher rates of homicides ceteris paribus while the effects of East Asian countries and Islamic societies are not statistically significant. These findings are consistent with the expectation of the new modernization and regional theories.

scholarly journals Financing innovative development of the African economies: the role of digitalization and financial innovations

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-439
Author(s):  
Tijani Forgor Alhassan ◽  
Ahou Julie Kouadio ◽  
Dadson Etse Gomado
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Sub Saharan

The article examines the relationship between financial innovation (mobile banking) variables in sub-Saharan Africa. Mobile banking (also known as mobile money) is one of the main financial innovations in the sub-Saharan region, and it is a system through which non-bank residents (residents without bank accounts, etc.) receive financial services. The overall importance of financial innovation in today’s digital and knowledge-based economy, and indeed, innovative development, inspired this study. Using a partial linear regression model, we analysed the International Monetary Fund data set, the World Bank’s national economic data, and mobile banking data from GSMA for the period from 2011 to 2017. A negative correlation was found between these variables and growth, as well as financial development, but a positive relationship was established between financial development and economic development. This positive relationship re-confirms the argument that financial development affects economic growth. It is recommended that policy makers develop and implement the necessary policy tools that can promote this form of financial innovation, and thus link its benefits to the national economy in general.

Does credit market inefficiency affect technology adoption? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Hanan Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Market Inefficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting the adoption of agricultural technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa, specifically the role of credit market inefficiency in adoption of agricultural technologies in the region. Design/methodology/approach Most importantly, the paper applies a 2SLS model on a unique data set on nine agrarian countries from Sub-Saharan Africa’s intensification of food crops agriculture (Afrint) to provide evidence on how credit market inefficiency affects adoption of technologies in the sub region. Findings The study finds that the relationship between credit and technology adoption is one-way causal relation (i.e. credit access leads to technology adoption) as opposed to a two-way relation (i.e. mutual dependent relation). Further, the results indicate that credit market inefficiency can be a major barrier to the adoption of yield enhancing technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Further, the study showed mixed results for household variables. The results give credence to studies that highlight the importance of infrastructure and risk control in the adoption of new technologies. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to only nine countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, the findings and interpretations should be considered as such. Further, there is the need for further research that considers all the region so as to establish whether or not there is a relationship between credit market inefficiencies and technology adoption in the region. Practical implications The policy implication is that microfinance institutions should consider scaling up their credit services to ensure that more households benefit from it, and in so doing technology adoption will be enhanced. Originality/value The main contribution of the study lies in its use of a unique data set from Sub-Saharan Africa’s intensification of food crops agriculture (Afrint) to investigation relationship between credit market inefficiency and technology adoption.

scholarly journals Crime and social media

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1215-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simplice Asongu ◽  
Jacinta Nwachukwu ◽  
Stella-Maris Orim ◽  
Chris Pyke
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Quantile Regressions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Development Outcomes

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to complement the scant macroeconomic literature on the development outcomes of social media by examining the relationship between Facebook penetration and violent crime levels in a cross-section of 148 countries for the year 2012.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical evidence is based on ordinary least squares (OLS), Tobit and quantile regressions. In order to respond to policy concerns on the limited evidence on the consequences of social media in developing countries, the data set is disaggregated into regions and income levels. The decomposition by income levels included: low income, lower middle income, upper middle income and high income. The corresponding regions include: Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and the Pacific, Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America.FindingsFrom OLS and Tobit regressions, there is a negative relationship between Facebook penetration and crime. However, quantile regressions reveal that the established negative relationship is noticeable exclusively in the 90th crime quantile. Further, when the data set is decomposed into regions and income levels, the negative relationship is evident in the MENA while a positive relationship is confirmed for Sub-Saharan Africa. Policy implications are discussed.Originality/valueStudies on the development outcomes of social media are sparse because of a lack of reliable macroeconomic data on social media. This study primarily complemented three existing studies that have leveraged on a newly available data set on Facebook.

scholarly journals Genital infections by Chlamydia trachomatis-An overview

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Syada Monira Hoque ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
Chand Mahmud ◽  
Nazia Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Transmissible Disease ◽  
Chlamydial Infections

Genital infections by Chlamydia trachomatis are now recognized as highly prevalent sexually transmissible disease. In frequency, they surpass the classic sexually transmissible diseases such as syphilis and gonorrhea and thus constitute a serious public health problem. Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular gram negative bacterium which have a unique growth cycle and are placed in their own family (Chlamydiae).Chlamydia trachomatis is now one of the most Prevalent bacteria found in classic sexually transmissible disease and as such constitutes a serious Public heath problem. World Heath Organization (WHO) estimated that 92 million new chlamydial infections occur worldwide annually affecting more women (50 Million) then men (42million). And highest chlamydial infected population were in south and South-east Asia (43million) then sub- Saharan Africa (16million)(WHO 2001).This review article is a discussion on history,epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and modern trend of treatment, prevention of Chlamydial infections in age group. Effective delivery of prevention messages requires clientcentered counseling and education regarding specific actions that can reduce the risk for chlamydia transmission e.g., abstinence, condom use, limiting the number of sex partners,modifying sexual behaviors and vaccination.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13660 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.244-249  

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