A Virtual Noninvasive Way of Constructing a Nasoalveolar Molding Plate for Cleft Babies, Using Intraoral Scanners, CAD, and Prosthetic Milling

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajanan Shanbhag ◽  
Swapnil Pandey ◽  
Nirali Mehta ◽  
Yogesh Kini ◽  
Ashwini Kini
Keyword(s):  
Digital Method ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Surgical Result ◽  
Milling Machines ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) is a key step in the early management of cleft babies. It involves making an impression of the alveolar segments and the lip elements, after which an appliance is fabricated and activated to achieve optimal alveolar and nasal positions for a superior surgical result. These appliances are fabricated and activated in babies as young as 10 days, and the molding is ideally carried on till the baby is ready for the primary lip repair. This article outlines in detail a digital method of fabricating the PNAM appliance using a combination of intraoral scans, computer-assisted digital software, and computer-assisted machining, facilitated by milling machines. This process obviates impression making and the subsequent laboratory procedures.

scholarly journals Digital Image Analysis of Picrosirius Red Staining: A Robust Method for Multi-Organ Fibrosis Quantification and Characterization

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1585
Author(s):  
Guillaume E. Courtoy ◽  
Isabelle Leclercq ◽  
Antoine Froidure ◽  
Guglielmo Schiano ◽  
Johann Morelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Method ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Kidney Fibrosis ◽  
Collagen Accumulation ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Picrosirius Red ◽  
Lung And Kidney ◽  
Organ Fibrosis ◽  
Accurate Quantification

Current understanding of fibrosis remains incomplete despite the increasing burden of related diseases. Preclinical models are used to dissect the pathogenesis and dynamics of fibrosis, and to evaluate anti-fibrotic therapies. These studies require objective and accurate measurements of fibrosis. Existing histological quantification methods are operator-dependent, organ-specific, and/or need advanced equipment. Therefore, we developed a robust, minimally operator-dependent, and tissue-transposable digital method for fibrosis quantification. The proposed method involves a novel algorithm for more specific and more sensitive detection of collagen fibers stained by picrosirius red (PSR), a computer-assisted segmentation of histological structures, and a new automated morphological classification of fibers according to their compactness. The new algorithm proved more accurate than classical filtering using principal color component (red-green-blue; RGB) for PSR detection. We applied this new method on established mouse models of liver, lung, and kidney fibrosis and demonstrated its validity by evidencing topological collagen accumulation in relevant histological compartments. Our data also showed an overall accumulation of compact fibers concomitant with worsening fibrosis and evidenced topological changes in fiber compactness proper to each model. In conclusion, we describe here a robust digital method for fibrosis analysis allowing accurate quantification, pattern recognition, and multi-organ comparisons useful to understand fibrosis dynamics.

scholarly journals Endonasal endoscopic approach for removal of intranasal nasal glial heterotopias

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-217
Author(s):  
N.-X. Bonne ◽  
S. Zago ◽  
G. Hosana ◽  
M. Vinchon ◽  
T. Van den Abbeele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Endoscopic Approach ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
Assisted Navigation ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Congenital Tumours

Background: Nasal Glial Heterotopias also called Nasal Gliomas (NG) are rare congenital tumours of the midline frontonasal space arising from a normal neurectodermal tissue entrapped during the closure of the anterior neuropore. Historically, such tumours were approached using a frontal craniotomy. The study aims to evaluate a fully endonasal endoscopic approach for intranasal NG removal. Methods: We report a retrospective study of intranasal and mixed NG treated using endonasal endoscopic techniques and computer assisted navigation system from 1997 to 2010 in two tertiary referral centres of Paediatric Otolaryngology. All tumours were investigated using two imaging modalities: craniofacial MRI and CT-scan. Results: Fifteen patients were included (0 to 14 years of age). All tumours were totally removed and no recurrence was observed after a mean follow-up of 32 months. A skull base plasty was done in 13 cases to cover a bony defect or to treat a cerebrospinal leak. Nasal packing was usually removed 24 hours after surgery and all children were discharged home after 2 to 4 days. Conclusion: Removal of intranasal NGs using an endonasal endoscopic approach and a dedicated computer assisted navigation system is a safe and efficient procedure. Early management is recommended to treat neonatal airway obstruction.

scholarly journals Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding: A Narrative Review of Early Management in Newborn Patient With Cleft Lip and Palate

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Atena Shiva ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Rezai ◽  
Tahura Etezadi ◽  
Farzaneh Lael Alizadeh ◽  
Parastoo Namdar
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

3-D organization of fibrinogen receptors using computer reconstruction and whole-mount microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
E. T. O'Toole ◽  
R. R. Hantgan ◽  
J. C. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Differential Centrifugation ◽  
Computer Reconstruction ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Whole Mount

Thrombocytes (TC), the avian equivalent of blood platelets, support hemostasis by aggregating at sites of injury. Studies in our lab suggested that fibrinogen (fib) is a requisite cofactor for TC aggregation but operates by an undefined mechanism. To study the interaction of fib with TC and to identify fib receptors on cells, fib was purified from pigeon plasma, conjugated to colloidal gold and used both to facilitate aggregation and as a receptor probe. Described is the application of computer assisted reconstruction and stereo whole mount microscopy to visualize the 3-D organization of fib receptors at sites of cell contact in TC aggregates and on adherent cells.Pigeon TC were obtained from citrated whole blood by differential centrifugation, washed with Ca++ free Hank's balanced salts containing 0.3% EDTA (pH 6.5) and resuspended in Ca++ free Hank's. Pigeon fib was isolated by precipitation with PEG-1000 and the purity assessed by SDS-PAGE. Fib was conjugated to 25nm colloidal gold by vortexing and the conjugates used as the ligand to identify fib receptors.

Computer Assisted Image Reconstruction of Oligomer Structure

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
A.M. Jones ◽  
A. Max Fiskin
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Computer Assisted Image ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Space Approach

If the tilt of a specimen can be varied either by the strategy of observing identical particles orientated randomly or by use of a eucentric goniometer stage, three dimensional reconstruction procedures are available (l). If the specimens, such as small protein aggregates, lack periodicity, direct space methods compete favorably in ease of implementation with reconstruction by the Fourier (transform) space approach (2). Regardless of method, reconstruction is possible because useful specimen thicknesses are always much less than the depth of field in an electron microscope. Thus electron images record the amount of stain in columns of the object normal to the recording plates. For single particles, practical considerations dictate that the specimen be tilted precisely about a single axis. In so doing a reconstructed image is achieved serially from two-dimensional sections which in turn are generated by a series of back-to-front lines of projection data.

Biodegradable polyester neuroprostheses promote the reconnection of separated peripheral nerve stubs

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1094-1095
Author(s):  
Beverly L. Giammara ◽  
Jennifer S. Stevenson ◽  
Peggy E. Yates ◽  
Robert H. Gunderson ◽  
Jacob S. Hanker
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Biodegradable Polyester ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Type Iv

An 11mm length of sciatic nerve was removed from 10 anesthetized adult rats and replaced by a biodegradable polyester Vicryl™ mesh sleeve which was then injected with the basement membrane gel, Matrigel™. It was noted that leg sensation and movement were much improved after 30 to 45 days and upon sacrifice nerve reconnection was noted in all animals. Epoxy sections of the repaired nerves were compared with those of the excised segments by the use of a variation of the PAS reaction, the PATS reaction, developed in our laboratories for light and electron microscopy. This microwave-accelerated technique employs periodic acid, thiocarbohydrazide and silver methenamine. It stains basement membrane or Type IV collagen brown and type III collagen (reticulin), axons, Schwann cells, endoneurium and perineurium black. Epoxy sections of repaired and excised nerves were also compared by toluidine blue (tb) staining. Comparison of the sections of control and repaired nerves was done by computer-assisted microscopic image analysis using an Olympus CUE-2 Image Analysis System.

High-resolution measurement of birefringent fine structure in living cells using a new polarized light microscope

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Rudolf Oldenbourg
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Birefringent Crystal ◽  
Technological Advances

The recent renaissance of the light microsope is fueled in part by technological advances in components on the periphery of the microscope, such as the laser as illumination source, electronic image recording (video), computer assisted image analysis and the biochemistry of fluorescent dyes for labeling specimens. After great progress in these peripheral parts, it seems timely to examine the optics itself and ask how progress in the periphery facilitates the use of new optical components and of new optical designs inside the microscope. Some results of this fruitful reflection are presented in this symposium.We have considered the polarized light microscope, and developed a design that replaces the traditional compensator, typically a birefringent crystal plate, with a precision universal compensator made of two liquid crystal variable retarders. A video camera and digital image processing system provide fast measurements of specimen anisotropy (retardance magnitude and azimuth) at ALL POINTS of the image forming the field of view. The images document fine structural and molecular organization within a thin optical section of the specimen.

Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multi-Color Confocal Microscopic Datasets: Automated Light Microscopic Discrimination of Synaptic Relationships

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
M Wessendorf ◽  
A Beuning ◽  
D Cameron ◽  
J Williams ◽  
C Knox
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Neuronal Somata ◽  
Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Entire Cell ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Assisted Analysis

Multi-color confocal scanning-laser microscopy (CSLM) allows examination of the relationships between neuronal somata and the nerve fibers surrounding them at sub-micron resolution in x,y, and z. Given these properties, it should be possible to use multi-color CSLM to identify relationships that might be synapses and eliminate those that are clearly too distant to be synapses. In previous studies of this type, pairs of images (e.g., red and green images for tissue stained with rhodamine and fluorescein) have been merged and examined for nerve terminals that appose a stained cell (see, for instance, Mason et al.). The above method suffers from two disadvantages, though. First, although it is possible to recognize appositions in which the varicosity abuts the cell in the x or y axes, it is more difficult to recognize them if the apposition is oriented at all in the z-axis—e.g., if the varicosity lies above or below the neuron rather than next to it. Second, using this method to identify potential appositions over an entire cell is time-consuming and tedious.

Serial thin sectioning for pre- and post-embedding immunohistochemistry: Achieving consistent and reliable results for a 3-D reconstruction

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Antonia M. Milroy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
High Quality ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Subcellular Level

In recent years many new techniques and instruments for 3-Dimensional visualization of electron microscopic images have become available. Higher accelerating voltage through thicker sections, photographed at a tilt for stereo viewing, or the use of confocal microscopy, help to analyze biological material without the necessity of serial sectioning. However, when determining the presence of neurotransmitter receptors or biochemical substances present within the nervous system, the need for good serial sectioning (Fig. 1+2) remains. The advent of computer assisted reconstruction and the possibility of feeding information from the specimen viewing chamber directly into a computer via a camera mounted on the electron microscope column, facilitates serial analysis. Detailed information observed at the subcellular level is more precise and extensive and the complexities of interactions within the nervous system can be further elucidated.We emphasize that serial ultra thin sectioning can be performed routinely and consistently in multiple user electron microscopy laboratories. Initial tissue fixation and embedding must be of high quality.

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