Motor control strategies during bimanual isometric force control among healthy individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
Minhee Kim ◽  
Sejun Oh ◽  
BumChul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Target Force ◽  
Motor Synergy

This study aimed to provide a basic description of the motor control strategy during bimanual isometric force control in healthy young adults. Thirty healthy young adults (mean age: 27.4 ± 3.7 years) participated in the study. The subjects were instructed to press both hands simultaneously to match the target force level of 5%, 25%, and 50% bimanual maximum voluntary force using continuous visual feedback. Bimanual motor synergy and bimanual coordination, as well as force asymmetry, force accuracy, and force variability were compared. This study identified the specific motor control strategy of healthy young adults during bimanual isometric force control, indicating that they proportionally increased “good” and “bad” variabilities, resulting in comparable bimanual motor synergy as the target force level increased.

scholarly journals Effects of aging on motor control strategies during bimanual isometric force control

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
JiWon Seong ◽  
YoungChae Cho ◽  
BumChul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Force Accuracy

Aging-induced degeneration of the neuromuscular system would result in deteriorated complex muscle force coordination and difficulty in executing daily activities that require both hands. The aim of this study was to provide a basic description of how aging and dual-task activity would affect the motor control strategy during bimanual isometric force control in healthy adults. In total, 17 young adults (aged 25.1 ± 2.4 years) and 14 older adults (aged 72.6 ± 3.4 years) participated in the study. The subjects were instructed to press both hands simultaneously to match the 1 Hz sine curve force under two conditions (with or without calculation) with continuous visual feedback. Differences in bimanual motor synergy, bimanual coordination, force accuracy, force variability, and calculation speed were compared. This study found that the specific motor control strategy of older adults involved a decreased bimanual force control ability with both increased VUCM and VORT, and was not influenced by dual tasking. These findings might have implications for establishing interventions for aging-induced hand force control deficits.

Force Control Strategy of Five-Digit Precision Grasping With Aligned and Unaligned Configurations

2022 ◽  
pp. 001872082110409
Author(s):  
Po-Tsun Chen ◽  
Hsiu-Yun Hsu ◽  
You-Hua Su ◽  
Chien-Ju Lin ◽  
Hsiao-Feng Chieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Task Type ◽  
Applied Force ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Force Transducers ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Power Grasp ◽  
Precision Grasping ◽  
Large Moment

Objective To investigate the digit force control during a five-digit precision grasp in aligned (AG) and unaligned grasping (UG) configurations. Background The effects of various cylindrical handles for tools on power grasp performance have been previously investigated. However, there is little information on force control strategy of precision grasp to fit various grasping configurations. Method Twenty healthy young adults were recruited to perform a lift-hold-lower task. The AG and UG configurations on a cylindrical simulator with force transducers were adjusted for each individual. The applied force and moment, the force variability during holding, and force correlations between thumb and each finger were measured. Result No differences in applied force, force correlation, repeatability, and variability were found between configurations. However, the moments applied in UG were significantly larger than those in AG. Conclusion The force control during precision grasp did not change significantly across AG and UG except for the digit moment. The simulator is controlled efficiently with large moment during UG, which is thus the optimal configuration for precision grasping with a cylindrical handle. Further research should consider the effects of task type and handle design on force control, especially for individuals with hand disorders. Application To design the handle of specific tool, one should consider the appropriate configuration according to the task requirements of precision grasping to reduce the risk of accumulating extra loads on digits with a cylindrical handle.

Ramp-and-Hold Force Control in the Upper and Lower Lips

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Barlow ◽  
Mary K. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Force Control ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Target Force ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Lip Force

The relation among several parameters of the ramp-and-hold force contraction and target force level was quantified for the upper and lower lip in 40 normal adults and in 4 young adults who had sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using visual feedback, subjects produced ramp-and-hold compression lip forces as rapidly and accurately as possible to end-point target levels ranging from 0.25 to 2.00 newtons. In normal adults, significant positive linear relations were found between the parameters of the ramp-and-hold lip force task and target force level, including the peak rate of force change, peak force, and the mean and standard deviation of force during the hold phase. Though males and females have been shown to differ greatly on absolute maximum force-generating capabilities, they are virtually identical on the measures used to quantify the lip force ramp-and-hold task over the range of compression forces studied. Preliminary investigation of lip force control in 4 TBI subjects suggests that these quantitative measures are useful in determining the distribution and nature of motor impairment between the upper and lower lips during a dynamic force control task.

MODELING THE CONTROL OF ISOMETRIC FORCE PRODUCTION WITH PIECE-WISE LINEAR, STOCHASTIC MAPS OF MULTIPLE TIME-SCALES

2003 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. L23-L29 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOTTFRIED MAYER-KRESS ◽  
KATHERINE M. DEUTSCH ◽  
KARL M. NEWELL
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Isometric Force Production

In human movement, the large number of system degrees of freedom at different levels of analysis of the system, joints, muscles, motor units, cells etc, naturally affords complexity and adaptability in action. It also leads to variability in movement and its outcome, even in intentional efforts to reproduce the same movement or action goal. An example is continuous isometric force output to a constant force level where the amount and structure of force variability changes with information available, force level and individual differences. In this paper we model the control of isometric force production with piece-wise linear stochastic maps of multiple time scales. At the core of our model is a piecewise linear function, depending on three parameters that can be estimated from the observed data that is perturbed by additive Gaussian noise at a given level. The result of the stochastic forcing is that outside of a threshold interval the system behaves like a discrete Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and inside it performs a Brownian motion. The model is shown to simulate the basic findings of the structure of human force variability that decreasing variability is correlated with increased dynamical complexity as measured with the "Approximate Entropy (ApEn)" statistic.

scholarly journals Visual feedback improves bimanual force control performances at planning and execution levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Joon Kim ◽  
Joon Ho Lee ◽  
Nyeonju Kang ◽  
James H. Cauraugh
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Uncontrolled Manifold ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Motor Synergies ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
Motor Synergy ◽  
Force Accuracy

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different visual conditions and targeted force levels on bilateral motor synergies and bimanual force control performances. Fourteen healthy young participants performed bimanual isometric force control tasks by extending their wrists and fingers under two visual feedback conditions (i.e., vision and no-vision) and three targeted force levels (i.e., 5%, 25%, and 50% of maximum voluntary contraction: MVC). To estimate bilateral motor synergies across multiple trials, we calculated the proportion of good variability relative to bad variability using an uncontrolled manifold analysis. To assess bimanual force control performances within a trial, we used the accuracy, variability, and regularity of total forces produced by two hands. Further, analysis included correlation coefficients between forces from the left and right hands. In addition, we examined the correlations between altered bilateral motor synergies and force control performances from no-vision to vision conditions for each targeted force level. Importantly, our findings revealed that the presence of visual feedback increased bilateral motor synergies across multiple trials significantly with a reduction of bad variability as well as improved bimanual force control performances within a trial based on higher force accuracy, lower force variability, less force regularity, and decreased correlation coefficients between hands. Further, we found two significant correlations in (a) increased bilateral motor synergy versus higher force accuracy at 5% of MVC and (b) increased bilateral motor synergy versus lower force variability at 50% of MVC. Together, these results suggested that visual feedback effectively improved both synergetic coordination behaviors across multiple trials and stability of task performance within a trial across various submaximal force levels.

scholarly journals Identifying Motor Control Strategies and Their Role in Low Back Pain: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach Bridging Neurosciences With Movement Biomechanics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schmid ◽  
Christian Bangerter ◽  
Petra Schweinhardt ◽  
Michael L. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Optical Motion

Persistent low back pain (LBP) is a major health issue, and its treatment remains challenging due to a lack of pathophysiological understanding. A better understanding of LBP pathophysiology has been recognized as a research priority, however research on contributing mechanisms to LBP is often limited by siloed research within different disciplines. Novel cross-disciplinary approaches are necessary to fill important knowledge gaps in LBP research. This becomes particularly apparent when considering new theories about a potential role of changes in movement behavior (motor control) in the development and persistence of LBP. First evidence points toward the existence of different motor control strategy phenotypes, which are suggested to have pain-provoking effects in some individuals driven by interactions between neuroplastic, psychological and biomechanical factors. Yet, these phenotypes and their role in LBP need further validation, which can be systematically tested using an appropriate cross-disciplinary approach. Therefore, we propose a novel approach, connecting methods from neuroscience and biomechanics research including state-of-the-art optical motion capture, musculoskeletal modeling, functional magnetic resonance imaging and assessments of psychological factors. Ultimately, this cross-disciplinary approach might lead to the identification of different motor control strategy phenotypes with the potential to translate into clinical research for better treatment options.

Author response for "Motor control strategies during unpredictable force control tasks in humans"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeel Almotairy ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Anastasios Grigoriadis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Author Response
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