Ramp-and-Hold Force Control in the Upper and Lower Lips

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Barlow ◽  
Mary K. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Force Control ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Target Force ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Lip Force

The relation among several parameters of the ramp-and-hold force contraction and target force level was quantified for the upper and lower lip in 40 normal adults and in 4 young adults who had sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using visual feedback, subjects produced ramp-and-hold compression lip forces as rapidly and accurately as possible to end-point target levels ranging from 0.25 to 2.00 newtons. In normal adults, significant positive linear relations were found between the parameters of the ramp-and-hold lip force task and target force level, including the peak rate of force change, peak force, and the mean and standard deviation of force during the hold phase. Though males and females have been shown to differ greatly on absolute maximum force-generating capabilities, they are virtually identical on the measures used to quantify the lip force ramp-and-hold task over the range of compression forces studied. Preliminary investigation of lip force control in 4 TBI subjects suggests that these quantitative measures are useful in determining the distribution and nature of motor impairment between the upper and lower lips during a dynamic force control task.

Motor control strategies during bimanual isometric force control among healthy individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
Minhee Kim ◽  
Sejun Oh ◽  
BumChul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Target Force ◽  
Motor Synergy

This study aimed to provide a basic description of the motor control strategy during bimanual isometric force control in healthy young adults. Thirty healthy young adults (mean age: 27.4 ± 3.7 years) participated in the study. The subjects were instructed to press both hands simultaneously to match the target force level of 5%, 25%, and 50% bimanual maximum voluntary force using continuous visual feedback. Bimanual motor synergy and bimanual coordination, as well as force asymmetry, force accuracy, and force variability were compared. This study identified the specific motor control strategy of healthy young adults during bimanual isometric force control, indicating that they proportionally increased “good” and “bad” variabilities, resulting in comparable bimanual motor synergy as the target force level increased.

Intelligibility and Nonspeech Orofacial Strength and Force Control Following Traumatic Brain Injury

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica A. McHenry ◽  
John T. Minton ◽  
Robin L. Wilson ◽  
Yolanda V. Post
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Lower Lip

Objective measures of nonspeech orofacial strength and force control were obtained for 20 individuals with traumatic brain injury. The dynamic and static force generating abilities of the upper lip, lower lip, tongue, and jaw were assessed. Based on sentence intelligibility scores, the subjects were divided into two groups, more and less intelligible. Force measures included reaction time, slope, derivative, peak overshoot, and first- and second-half mean hold and standard deviation. Groups differed only in the ability to sustain the 2 N force level with the tongue. Other potential contributors to the differences in intelligibility are discussed.

Dynamic-force spectroscopy measurement with precise force control using atomic-force microscopy probe

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 074315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Takeuchi ◽  
Takaaki Miyakoshi ◽  
Atsushi Taninaka ◽  
Katsunori Tanaka ◽  
Daichi Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Force Spectroscopy ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy Probe ◽  
Dynamic Force Spectroscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Spectroscopy Measurement ◽  
Atomic Force

CHARACTERIZATION OF FINGER ISOMETRIC FORCE PRODUCTION WITH MAXIMUM POWER OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wensheng Hou ◽  
Xiaoying Wu ◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Xiaolin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Ar Model ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Hand Muscles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Target Force ◽  
Hand Muscle

Finger's action has been controlled by both intrinsic and extrinsic hand muscles. Characterizing the finger action with the activations of hand muscles could be useful for evaluating the neuromuscular control strategy of finger's motor functions. This study is designed to explore the correlation of isometric fingertip force production and frequency-domain features of surface electromyography (sEMG) recorded on extrinsic hand muscles. To this end, 13 subjects (five male and eight female university students) have been recruited to conduct a target force-tracking task. Each subject is required to produce a certain level of force with either the index or middle fingertip to match the pseudo-random ordered target force level (4N, 6N, or 8N) as accurate as possible. During the finger force production process, the sEMG signals are recorded on two extrinsic hand muscles: flex digitorum superficials (FDS) and extensor digitorum (ED). For each sEMG trail, the power spectrum is estimated with the autoregressive (AR) model and from which the maximum power is obtained. Our experimental results reveal three findings: (1) the maximum power increases with the force level regardless of the force producing finger (i.e. index or middle) and the extrinsic hand muscle (i.e. FDS or ED). (2) The sEMG maximum power of index finger is significantly lower than that of the middle finger under the same force level and extrinsic hand muscle. (3) No significant difference can be found between the maximum powers of FDS and ED. The results indicate that the activations of the extrinsic muscles are affected by both the force level and the force producing finger. Based on our findings, the sEMG maximum power of the extrinsic hand muscles could be used as a key parameter to describe the finger's actions.

scholarly journals Effects of force level and task difficulty on force control performance in elderly people

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 (10) ◽  
pp. 2179-2188
Author(s):  
Caren Strote ◽  
Christian Gölz ◽  
Julia Kristin Stroehlein ◽  
Franziska Katharina Haase ◽  
Dirk Koester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Force Level ◽  
Control Performance

Abstract As the proportion of people over 60 years of age rises continuously in westernized societies, it becomes increasingly important to better understand aging processes and how to maintain independence in old age. Fine motor tasks are essential in daily living and, therefore, necessary to maintain. This paper extends the existing literature on fine motor control by manipulating the difficulty of a force maintenance task to characterize performance optima for elderly. Thirty-seven elderly (M = 68.00, SD = 4.65) performed a force control task at dynamically varying force levels, i.e. randomly changing every 3 s between 10%, 20%, and 30% of the individual’s maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). This task was performed alone or with one or two additional tasks to increase task difficulty. The force control characteristics accuracy, variability, and complexity were analyzed. Lowest variability was observed at 20%. Accuracy and complexity increased with increasing force level. Overall, increased task difficulty had a negative impact on task performance. Results support the assumption, that attention control has a major impact on force control performance in elderly people. We assume different parameters to have their optimum at different force levels, which remain comparably stable when additional tasks are performed. The study contributes to a better understanding of how force control is affected in real-life situations when it is performed simultaneously to other cognitive and sensory active and passive tasks.

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