Infectious Diseases in Day-Care Centers: Transmission and Approaches to Prevention

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 694-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Stier Carson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Child Day Care ◽  
Hemophilus Influenzae Type B

Child day care is used increasingly by both single-parent and two-parent families. With the growth in numbers of children receiving day care outside the home comes a greater awareness of the potential for disease transmission. Epidemiologic patterns of spread of such diseases as Hemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis A, diarrheal diseases, and cytomegalovirus are changing with respect to attendance at a day-care center. Not only is this a problem for the staff and children who attend a center, but it also may be a public health concern as these diseases could spread to households and the community at large. This review will identify those transmissible infectious agents frequently found in children who attend day-care centers with an emphasis on approaches to prevention and methods for decreasing secondary spread.

Physical and operational structure of the day-care centers - implications for nursing within the care and promotion to the infantile health

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Ana Dulce Santos ◽  
Paula Fernanda Santos ◽  
Isabelle Pinheiro Macedo ◽  
Akemi Iwata Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Child Day Care ◽  
Recursos Humanos ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Del Rio

ABSTRACTObjectives: to characterize the physical and operational structures of day-care centers in the city of Natal; and to analyze their implications in child nursing care and health promotion. Methodology:  this is about a descriptive-exploratory study, from quantitative approach, in 16 institutions that offer day-care center services in the western side of Natal-RN. The data collection was done by using a checklist form to interview responsible employee of the day-care center. The data was submitted to analysis by simple descriptive statistics. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research under number 114/2008/54 of the University Federal of Rio Grande do Norte. Results: small and large size institutions that had shown deficient infrastructure, lack of human and material resources to deal with the children in their daily care routines were analyzed. This type of structure affects child health and optimal child development since it does not allow the development of educative and health care actions. Conclusion: the identified conditions imply a higher vulnerability of children at situations that can result health problems. Thus, it is appropriate to focus attention on this public through actions along with health services. The professionals, especially the nurses, can act in the planning, implementation and evaluation of these services in order to prevent the prevalent diseases, as well as to improve child health and educational conditions. Descriptors: child day care centers; child care; health promotion.RESUMOObjetivos: caracterizar a estrutura física e operacional das creches do município de Natal; analisar as implicações destas para o cuidado de enfermagem à criança. Metodologia: estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em 16 instituições municipais que oferecem serviços de creche na zona Oeste do município de Natal-RN. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de um formulário do tipo cheklist para entrevista com o funcionário responsável pela instituição, sendo os dados submetidos à estatística descritiva simples. O projeto do estudo foi encaminhado ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, recebendo parecer favorável conforme Protocolo nº 114/2008/54. Resultados: foram estudadas instituições de pequeno e grande porte as quais apresentavam deficitária infraestrutura, carência de recursos humanos e de materiais para uso das crianças nas rotinas de cuidados diários. Este tipo de estrutura afeta a promoção da saúde infantil e se pleno desenvolvimento por não permitir ações educativas e de atenção a saúde. Conclusão: as condições apresentadas refletem uma maior vulnerabilidade das crianças a situações geradoras de problemas de saúde. Tornando oportuno o direcionamento da atenção para este público, através de ações de articulação com os serviços de saúde. Os profissionais, especialmente de enfermagem, podem atuar no planejamento, execução e avaliação destes serviços, visando à prevenção das doenças prevalentes, bem como melhores condições de saúde e educação às crianças. Descritores: creches; cuidado da criança; promoção da saúde. RESUMENObjetivos: caracterizar la estructura física y operacional de las guarderías de la municipalidad de Natal, analizar sus implicaciones para la atención de enfermería para el niño. Metodología: estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo, desarrollado en 16 instituciones municipales que ofrecen cuidado de niños en la zona oeste de la ciudad de Natal-RN. Metodología: los datos fueran recolectados a través de entrevista con el funcionario responsable por la institución usando un formulario del tipo checklist, y sometidos a análisis estadística descriptiva simple. El estudio fue aprobado por la Comisión de Ética en la Investigación de  número 114/2008 de la Universidad Federal del Rio Grande del Norte. Resultados: se estudiaron instituciones grandes y pequeñas que tenían una infraestructura deficiente, falta de recursos humanos y materiales para uso de niños en las rutinas de cuidado diario. Este tipo de estructuras afectan la promoción de la salud infantil y su pleno desarrollo por no permitir acciones educativas y de atención. Conclusión: las condiciones presentadas reflejan una mayor vulnerabilidad de los niños a situaciones que causan los problemas de salud. Lo que hace adecuada la dirección de atención a este público a través de acciones conjuntas con los servicios de salud. Los profesionales, especialmente las enfermeras, pueden actuar en la planificación, ejecución y evaluación de estos servicios, con el objetivo de prevenir las enfermedades prevalentes, así como ofrecer una mejor salud y educación a los niños. Descriptores: guarderías; cuidado de niños; promoción de la salud. 

Day Care for Sick Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-446
Author(s):  
GEORGE G. STERNE
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Sick Children

Children in day care, like their home-reared peers, frequently become ill. Whether they are sick more frequently than those not in day care has been a question difficult to resolve because of the problem of appropriate control studies. Many pediatricians are convinced that this is so. There are data that infections due to certain specific agents including hepatitis A, Haemophilus influenzae type B, and Giardia lamblia occur more often in day-care center attendees. Clinical entities such as diarrhea, meningitis, and otitis media have also been shown to be more common in day-care center attendees. A recent review in Pediatrics1 provides a good overview of the problem.

scholarly journals Robot-Enhanced Language Learning for Children in Norwegian Day-Care Centers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Halbach ◽  
Trenton Schulz ◽  
Wolfgang Leister ◽  
Ivar Solheim
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Center Staff ◽  
Nao Robot ◽  
Program Language

We transformed the existing learning program Language Shower, which is used in some Norwegian day-care centers in the Grorud district of Oslo municipality, into a digital solution using an app for smartphone or tablet with the option for further enhancement of presentation by a NAO robot. The solution was tested in several iterations and multiple day-care centers over several weeks. Measurements of the children’s progress across learning sessions indicate a positive impact of the program using a robot as compared to the program without robot. In-situ observations and interviews with day care center staff confirmed the solution’s many advantages, but also revealed some important areas for improvement. In particular, the speech recognition needs to be more flexible and robust, and special measures have to be in place to handle children speaking simultaneously.

Risk Factors for Pneumonia Among Children in a Brazilian Metropolitan Area

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-985
Author(s):  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Sandra C. Fuchs ◽  
José Antonio C. Flores ◽  
Walter Fonseca ◽  
Betty Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Weight For Age

Objective. To investigate risk factors for pneumonia for infants <2 years of age. Design. Hospital-based, case-control study with neighborhood control subjects. Setting. Urban area in southern Brazil. Subjects. Five hundred ten infants with radiologically confirmed pneumonia who were admitted to a pediatric hospital. One age-matched neighborhood control subject was selected for each case. Results. Multiple conditional regression modeling was used to control for confounding, taking into account the hierarchical relationships between risk factors. The incidence of radiologically confirmed pneumonia was associated with low paternal education, the number of persons in the household, young maternal age, attendance at day-care centers, low birth weight and weight-for-age, lack of breast-feeding and of non-milk supplements, and a history of previous pneumonia or wheezing. Day-care center attendance showed the highest risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 11.75. Conclusions. In addition to continued efforts toward appropriate case management, actions directed against the above risk factors may help prevent the major cause of deaths of children younger than 5 years.

Meningococcal Disease in Day-Care Centers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-300
Author(s):  
Jay A. Jacobson ◽  
Gregory A. Filice ◽  
J. Ted Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Dangerous Situation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Protective Antibodies

Household contacts exposed to patients with meningococcal disease are at demonstrably higher risk of that disease than the general population.1,2 Less intimate and less prolonged contact such as that involving hospital personnel3 or school classmates4 is not clearly associated with increased risk. This may well be due to the fact that older children and adults commonly have protective antibodies.5 Preschoolers, on the other hand, are more often susceptible as shown by their higher age-specific primary6 and secondary7 attack rates. When a child who attends a day-care center nursery develops meningococcal disease the presumed exposure of numerous susceptibles is a theoretically dangerous situation.

The reciprocal temporal associations between subjective age and social relations in adult day care centers over a one-year period

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Liat Ayalon ◽  
Ella Cohn-Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Adult Day Care ◽  
Degree Centrality ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Time

Objectives: The present study evaluated the reciprocal temporal associations between one’s subjective age (or felt age) and one’s social relations in the adult day care center (ADCC) over two waves of data collection, spread about 1 year apart. Method: Participants from four ADCCs in Israel were approached in 2017 and repeatedly, in 2018 ( N = 224 in Wave 1 and N = 259 in Wave 2). The ADCC social network included both outgoing ties of familiar relationships with other ADCC members as reported by the respondent (out-degree centrality) and ingoing ties, based on reports of other ADCC members who were familiar with the respondent (in-degree centrality). Results: Out-degree and in-degree centrality at baseline were not associated with change in subjective age. Subjective age at the first time point was not associated with change in out-degree centrality, but it was negatively associated with change in in-degree centrality. Even after controlling for sociodemographic and health variables, adults who felt younger were subsequently cited by more ADCC members. Conclusions: The findings stress the importance of subjective age to one’s relationship in the ADCC. It is suggested that a younger subjective age is a desired quality in the ADCC.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Transmissibility Within Day Care Centers—Study Protocol of a Prospective Analysis of Outbreaks in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Schienkiewitz ◽  
Susanne Jordan ◽  
Anselm Hornbächer ◽  
Hanna Perlitz ◽  
Marie-Luise Zeisler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sample ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Capillary Blood Sample

Introduction: Until today, the role of children in the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of the COVID-19 pandemic seems to be dynamic and is not finally resolved. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in child day care centers and connected households as well as transmission-related indicators and clinical symptoms among children and adults.Methods and Analysis: COALA (“Corona outbreak-related examinations in day care centers”) is a day care center- and household-based study with a case-ascertained study design. Based on day care centers with at least one reported case of SARS-CoV-2, we include one- to six-year-old children and staff of the affected group in the day care center as well as their respective households. We visit each child's and adult's household. During the home visit we take from each household member a combined mouth and nose swab as well as a saliva sample for analysis of SARS-CoV-2-RNA by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) and a capillary blood sample for a retrospective assessment of an earlier SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, information on health status, socio-demographics and COVID-19 protective measures are collected via a short telephone interview in the subsequent days. In the following 12 days, household members (or parents for their children) self-collect the same respiratory samples as described above every 3 days and a stool sample for children once. COVID-19 symptoms are documented daily in a symptom diary. Approximately 35 days after testing the index case, every participant who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the study is re-visited at home for another capillary blood sample and a standardized interview. The analysis includes secondary attack rates, by age of primary case, both in the day care center and in households, as well as viral shedding dynamics, including the beginning of shedding relative to symptom onset and viral clearance.Discussion: The results contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological and virological transmission-related indicators of SARS-CoV-2 among young children, as compared to adults and the interplay between day care and households.

scholarly journals Child Day Care Center Use and Mental Stress of Working Mothers

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Tasnuva Nawrin Himika ◽  
Md Ziaul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Care Center ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Child Day Care

Background: Some of the working mothers use child day care center (CDCC) for their children to reduce their mental stress. This study was designed to assess the association between mental stress of working mothers and child day care center use. Methods: This comparative cross sectional study was conducted among 106 working mothers of whom 53 were CDCC users and 53 were non-users from January to December, 2019. Data were collected by face to face interview by a semi-structured questionnaire. Mental stress was estimated by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Quality control checks for data were done. All ethical issues were maintained strictly in different stages of the study and informed written consent was taken from each individual. Results: Mean (±SD) age was 32.92(± 2.901) and 33.55(± 3.160) years in CDCC users and non-users respectively. Average monthly family income was Tk.191698.11 in CDCC users and Tk. 209433.96 in non-users. Majority (67.9%) of the CDCC users lived in nuclear family while 67.9% of the CDCC non-users lived in joint family. Mothers had significantly higher (85.5%) stress who had maid servant in comparison to mothers who had not and mothers had higher (75.0%) stress who suffered from illness compared to mothers who did not suffer and it was significant (p<0.05). Both low (61.5%) and moderate (59.4%) stress were significantly higher among CDCC users while high stress (83.3%) was significantly higher among CDCC non-users. Chance of having low stress was high (OR=8.0) in mothers who were CDCC users than mothers who were CDCC non-users. Conclusion: CDCC non-users had high level of mental stress than the CDCC users. CDCC should be established with every organization to reduce the mental stress of working mothers. JOPSOM 2021; 40(1): 59-65

Infectious Alopecia in a Child Day-Care Center

JAMA ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 254 (21) ◽  
pp. 3038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles S. Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Child Day Care
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