Rightward Leanings and Nonstandard Party-Position Perceptions

2020 ◽  
pp. 106591291990029
Author(s):  
R. Urbatsch
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Election ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Party Position ◽  
Standard Models ◽  
Opposite View ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Political Right

Some individuals defy the consensus as to parties’ relative ideological positions, asserting that a party is more left-leaning than its rivals even when most observers have the opposite view. Such discrepancies undercut spatial models of politics. Rightward leaners’ tendency to use different, more self-anchored, bases for assessing ideology may make them especially likely to dissent in this way, as might their attention to distinct issues. Results from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems confirm that those on the political right are likelier to reverse typical left-right orderings, even on right-leaning or major parties. Evidence from the Dutch Parliamentary Election Study further shows that right-leaners’ nonstandard ordering extends to parties’ specific issue-positions—particularly, notably, on issues of higher salience to the left. Standard models of politics may accordingly apply less well to those who identify as being on the political right.

The Effects of Compulsory Voting on Individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-132
Author(s):  
Shane P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Political Sophistication ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Compulsory Voting ◽  
The Comparative Study

This chapter empirically tests the expectation that compulsory voting moderates the effects of orientations toward democracy on political attitudes, behavior, and sophistication. It first employs cross-national survey data from the AmericasBarometer and the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems to estimate multilevel models. It also uses cross-cantonal data from the Swiss Election Study, and novel survey data from Argentina collected for this book. The analyses of the Swiss and Argentine data leverage age-based thresholds in the application of compulsory voting with discontinuity models. Results suggest that, in line with the predictions of the theory advanced in Chapter 3, compulsory voting polarizes behavior and attitudes, and broadens gaps in political sophistication levels, among those with negative and positive orientations toward democracy.

scholarly journals On Disabilities

1970 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Nawaf Kabbara
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Election ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Right To Vote ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Disability Movement ◽  
Political Scene

The Lebanese parliamentary election was a very decisive moment in the country’s history. As a result of this election, a new parliamentary majority and discourse dominated the political scene. The election was also peculiar concerning the disability cause in Lebanon. For the first time in the history of Lebanon’s elections, disability became an issue. In fact, the Lebanese disability movement succeeded in launching two different but complementary campaigns during the election. The first one was engineered by both the Lebanese Physical Handicapped Union and the Youth Blind Association. Under the title “Haqqi” or “My Right,” the campaign focused on the right of people with disability to practice one of their most important rights: the political right to vote.

Dominant and Subsidiary Modes of Political Legitimation in the USSR: A Comment on Christel Lane's Article

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Rigby
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Full Range ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Legitimation ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Shared Understandings

Perhaps we political scientists and sociologists should have left ‘legitimacy’ to the constitutional and international lawyers. Such a view is certainly suggested by the present cacophany of our definitions, taxonomies and applications of the term. When the contributors to a book on political legitimation in communist states, representing by no means the full range of scholarly views on the social and political systems of these countries, can variously characterize the political legitimation of the USSR today as dominated by ‘goal-rational’, ‘traditional’ or ‘paternalistic’ legitimation, or as a combination of ‘heteronomous-teleological’ and ‘autonomous-consensual’ or of ‘overt’ and ‘covert’ modes of legitimation, we evidently have a long way to go before our shared understandings of political legitmation could be adequate for the comparative study of political systems or for analysing political change.

scholarly journals THE OBSERVER OBSERVED

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 00-00
Author(s):  
Nico J.G. Kaptein
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
The Political ◽  
American Anthropologist ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Clifford Geertz ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Comparative Study

In his seminal Islam Observed: Religious Developments in Morocco and Indonesia from 1968, the American anthropologist Clifford Geertz (1926-2006) placed the comparative study of Muslim societies on the research agenda. In view of my knowledge on the history of Islam in Indonesia, it stroke me that the political dimension of religion did not take an important place in the book. This is the more remarkable because during Geertz’s fieldwork in Java in 1953-4 manifestations of political Islam regularly popped up, and Geertz did not only notice those, but also recorded them in his book The Religion of Java from 1960. In this paper I will go into the question of why Geertz did not give a more prominent place to political Islam in his analysis of Muslim cultures, and what concepts of both Islam and religion he used.

Populism, nationalism, or national populism? An analysis of Slovak voting behaviour at the 2010 parliamentary election

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Parliamentary Election ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Populism

This article explores the impact of populist attitudes on party preferences and voting behaviour at the 2010 Slovak election. Using an original battery of questions on populist attitudes developed by the author and attached to the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems post-election survey, the article addresses hypotheses about the impact of populist attitudes on preferences and choices alongside nationalist and economic attitudes and the socio-demographic ‘transition loser/winner’ divide. It finds that whilst nationalist and economic attitudes are significant predictors of preferences and choices, populist attitudes are much less influential than anticipated.

Miroslav Hroch's model of small nation-formation and Begriffsgeschichte

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-827
Author(s):  
Oana Sînziana Păltineanu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social History ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Nation Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Concepts ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Opening Up

This article focuses on Miroslav Hroch's book titled Social Preconditions of National Revival in Europe and it tries to build on Hroch's model of small nation-formation mainly on a methodological level. The aim is to incorporate the “subjective” dimension in Hroch's analysis of the “objective” factors that lead to nation-formation, by opening up the discursive level to investigation. I suggest that the comparative study of nation-formation needs to remain connected to the study of nationalism as a phenomenon, including the investigation of the discursive plane, of the political languages, and histories of concepts. In this sense, the article seeks to link Hroch's work to Begriffsgeschichte and to present a range of interpretations on how these two could work together, on a methodological level. The answers come mainly from Reinhart Koselleck's theorizing on the relation between social history and the history of concepts. This article also addresses compatibility problems that aim to encourage a more integrative type of analysis that would entail an in-depth and critical revisiting of Hroch's model. At the same time, Hroch's model proves to be flexible enough to be situated at the intersection of more types of history writing.

scholarly journals Constancy of Legislative Perceptions of Constituency Opinion

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROY PIERCE ◽  
THOMAS R. ROCHON
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Socialist Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Candidate Perceptions ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Representative Process ◽  
The Relationship

This article develops the dynamic implications of the Miller-Stokes model of constituency representation by exploring the extent to which there was constancy between two “generations” of French Socialist party candidates for the National Assembly from the same constituencies, in their perceptions of the opinions of their constituents. The data derive from personal interviews conducted with the candidates shortly after the legislative elections of 1967 and 1978. The phenomena discussed include the relationship between constancy of candidate perceptions and accuracy of candidate perceptions. The authors also examine the extent to which the candidates base their perceptions of district opinion on the political composition of their constituencies. That practice has daunting implications both for the comparative study of representation and for the representative process itself.

The Twilight of Westminster? Electoral Reform and its Consequences

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa Norris
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Political System ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Electoral Reform ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Primary Advantage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Comparative Study

The UK political system has long exemplified ‘majoritarian’ or ‘Westminster’ government, a type subsequently exported to many Commonwealth countries. The primary advantage of this system, proponents since Bagehot have argued, lie in its ability to combine accountability with effective governance. Yet under the Blair administration, this system has undergone a series of major constitutional reforms, perhaps producing the twilight of the pure Westminster model. After conceptualizing the process of constitutional reform, this paper discusses two important claims made by those who favor retaining the current electoral system for Westminster, namely that single-member districts promote strong voter-member linkages and generate greater satisfaction with the political system. Evidence testing these claims is examined from comparative data covering 19 nations, drawing on the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems. The study finds that member-voter linkages are stronger in single member than in pure multimember districts, but that combined districts such as MMP preserve these virtues. Concerning claims of greater public satisfaction under majoritarian systems, the study establishes some support for this contention, although the evidence remains limited. The conclusion considers the implications of the findings for debates about electoral reform and for the future of the Westminster political system.

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