Detection of Wooden Foreign Bodies in Muscle Tissue: Experimental Comparison of Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Ultrasonography

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Mizel ◽  
Neil D. Steinmetz ◽  
Elly Trepman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ct And Mri

An experimental study was performed to compare computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and real-time, high resolution ultrasonography (US) for the detection of wooden foreign bodies in muscle tissue. Wooden splinters were prepared, measured for size, soaked in saline, and placed in porcine muscle distant from and adjacent to bone. The specimens were then examined using roentgenography, CT and MRI in planes parallel and perpendicular to the splinters, and US. The largest wooden foreign bodies (minimum smallest width = 10 mm) were easily detected by CT, MRI, and US. Almost all splinters of various sizes, small and large, soaked in saline for 5 months were easily detected by MRI. Smaller splinters (minimum smallest width = 1–4 mm) soaked for only 3 days and placed distant from bone were most easily detected by US; those soaked for 5 months were most easily detected by either US or MRI. The smaller splinters soaked for only 3 days and placed near bone were not reliably detected by any of the imaging methods; CT and MRI were both more sensitive than US in this situation. MRI scanning was more sensitive perpendicular than parallel to the long axis of the splinters. Therefore, either US or MRI may be the best initial imaging modality for evaluation of a suspected wooden foreign body, depending on availability of imaging method, chronicity of symptoms, and proximity to bone.

scholarly journals Tracking Transplanted Stem Cells Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Nanoparticle Labeling Method in Urology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Heon Kim ◽  
Hong J. Lee ◽  
Yun Seob Song
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging

A reliablein vivoimaging method to localize transplanted cells and monitor their viability would enable a systematic investigation of cell therapy. Most stem cell transplantation studies have used immunohistological staining, which does not provide information about the migration of transplanted cellsin vivoin the same host. Molecular imaging visualizes targeted cells in a living host, which enables determining the biological processes occurring in transplanted stem cells. Molecular imaging with labeled nanoparticles provides the opportunity to monitor transplanted cells noninvasively without sacrifice and to repeatedly evaluate them. Among several molecular imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high resolution and sensitivity of transplanted cells. MRI is a powerful noninvasive imaging modality with excellent image resolution for studying cellular dynamics. Several types of nanoparticles including superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles have been used to magnetically label stem cells and monitor viability by MRI in the urologic field. This review focuses on the current role and limitations of MRI with labeled nanoparticles for tracking transplanted stem cells in urology.

scholarly journals Agreement of Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Computed Tomography in the Assessment for Acute Skull Fractures in a Canine and Feline Cadaver Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Hecht ◽  
Kimberly M. Anderson ◽  
Aude Castel ◽  
John F. Griffin ◽  
Adrien-Maxence Hespel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Skull Fractures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mri Sequences

Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice to evaluate patients with acute head trauma. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be chosen in select cases. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the agreement of MRI with CT in the assessment for presence or absence of acute skull fractures in a canine and feline cadaver model, compare seven different MRI sequences (T1-W, T2-W, T2-FLAIR, PD-W, T2*-W, “SPACE” and “VIBE”), and determine agreement of four different MRI readers with CT data. Pre- and post-trauma CT and MRI studies were performed on 10 canine and 10 feline cadaver heads. Agreement of MRI with CT as to presence or absence of a fracture was determined for 26 individual osseous structures and four anatomic regions (cranium, face, skull base, temporomandibular joint). Overall, there was 93.5% agreement in assessing a fracture as present or absent between MRI and CT, with a significant difference between the pre and post trauma studies (99.4 vs. 87.6%; p < 0.0001; OR 0.042; 95% CI 0.034–0.052). There was no significant difference between dogs and cats. The agreement for the different MRI sequences with CT ranged from 92.6% (T2*-W) to 94.4% (PD-W). There was higher agreement of MRI with CT in the evaluation for fractures of the face than other anatomic regions. Agreement with CT for individual MRI readers ranged from 92.6 to 94.7%. A PD-W sequence should be added to the MR protocol when evaluating the small animal head trauma patient.

The Difference between Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurements of Tibial Tubercle–Trochlear Groove Distance for Patients with or without Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (08) ◽  
pp. 768-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Heng Sharon Tan ◽  
Beatrice Ying Lim ◽  
Kiat Soon Jason Chng ◽  
Chintan Doshi ◽  
Francis K.L. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Patellofemoral Instability ◽  
Tibial Tubercle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ct And Mri

AbstractThe tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT–TG) distance was originally described for computed tomography (CT) but has recently been used on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without sufficient evidence demonstrating its validity on MRI. The current review aims to evaluate (1) whether there is a difference in the TT–TG distances measured using CT and MRI, (2) whether both the TT–TG distances measured using CT and MRI could be used to differentiate between patients with or without patellofemoral instability, and (3) whether the same threshold of 15 to 20 mm can be applied for both TT–TG distances measured using CT and MRI. The review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRSIMA) guidelines. All studies that compared TT–TG distances either (1) between CT and MRI or (2) between patients with and without patellofemoral instability were included. A total of 23 publications were included in the review. These included a total of 3,040 patients. All publications reported the TT–TG distance to be greater in patients with patellofemoral instability as compared to those without patellofemoral instability. This difference was noted for both TT–TG distances measured on CT and on MRI. All publications also reported the TT–TG distance measured on CT to be greater than that measured on MRI (mean difference [MD] = 1.79 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–2.68). Pooling of the studies revealed that the mean TT–TG distance for the control group was 12.85 mm (95% CI: 11.71–14.01) while the mean TT–TG distance for patients with patellofemoral instability was 18.33 mm (95% CI: 17.04–19.62) when measured on CT. When measured on MRI, the mean TT–TG distance for the control group was 9.83 mm (95% CI: 9.11–10.54), while the mean TT–TG distance for patients with patellofemoral instability was 15.33 mm (95% CI: 14.24–16.42). Both the TTTG distances measured on CT and MRI could be used to differentiate between patients with and without patellofemoral instability. Patients with patellofemoral instability had significantly greater TT–TG distances than those without. However, the TT–TG distances measured on CT were significantly greater than that measured on MRI. Different cut-off values should, therefore, be used for TT–TG distances measured on CT and on MRI in the determination of normal versus abnormal values. Pooling of all the patients included in the review then suggest for 15.5 ± 1.5 mm to be used as the cut off for TT–TG distance measured on CT, and for 12.5 ± 2 mm to be used as the cut-off for TT–TG distance measured on MRI. The Level of evidence for this study is IV.

Computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging for pre-operative planning for inverted nasal papilloma: review of evidence

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (7) ◽  
pp. 705-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Karkos ◽  
L C Khoo ◽  
S C Leong ◽  
H Lewis-Jones ◽  
A C Swift
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Inverted Papilloma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Recurrent Tumour ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Inverted Nasal Papilloma

AbstractBackground:Inverted nasal papilloma is a benign tumour with variable biological behaviour. It is a unique neoplasm and is often difficult to manage, being characterised by a tendency to recur following excision, an association with malignancy and an ability to destroy bone. Radiological diagnosis has traditionally been based on computed tomography, but it is often impossible to differentiate between polyps with entrapped debris and inverted nasal papilloma. Magnetic resonance imaging, especially T2-weighted images, is perhaps a better tool in differentiating inverted nasal papilloma from other nasal lesions, and has recently been advocated as the imaging modality of choice.Aims:To review the evidence on the ideal imaging modality for pre-operative planning of surgery for patients with histologically proven inverted nasal papilloma.Materials and methods:A systematic review of studies was undertaken, focusing on radiological assessment of inverted nasal papilloma (primary and recurrent). All English language articles were potentially included in the review. However, we excluded single case reports, case series, pictorial essays, ‘teaching’ reviews and reviews of inverted nasal papilloma not focusing on pre-operative imaging.Results:Sixteen studies were identified based on our search strategy. Only 10 fulfilled our criteria. Computed tomography scanning was the standard imaging modality of choice for assessing sinus involvement of inverted papilloma and for planning the extent of surgery. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were able to distinguish tumour (intermediate signal) from inflammatory tissues (bright signal), but not post-operative scarring from recurrent tumour. No studies were found which compared the specificity and sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in the accurate pre-operative identification of the extent of inverted papilloma.Conclusions:There is currently not enough evidence to suggest one sole modality as providing optimum imaging for inverted nasal papilloma. Computed tomography remains the imaging modality of first choice for inverted nasal papilloma, despite certain disadvantages. Magnetic resonance imaging is able to distinguish tumour from inflammation and is advocated as a better tool for recurrent tumour, but bone destruction of sinus walls is less easy to recognise, compared with computed tomography. Evaluation of sinus tumours usually involves both imaging modalities, and inverted nasal papilloma should be included within this pathological group. The cohort of patients is usually small, so cost-effectiveness should not generally be an issue when considering whether to use computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or both. A well structured, prospective study is needed to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography for pre-operative planning of histologically proven inverted nasal papilloma.

scholarly journals Anatomy and Pathology of the Texel Sheep Larynx

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Waine ◽  
Ben Strugnell ◽  
John Remnant ◽  
Fiona Lovatt ◽  
Martin Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Measurements ◽  
Ct And Mri

Laryngeal chondritis, or “Texel throat”, is a disease affecting the upper respiratory tract of sheep with breeds like the Texel appearing to be predisposed. Previous work suggests the conformation of these breeds of sheep may be predisposing these animals to laryngeal disease. This study evaluated the anatomy of the Texel sheep larynx and describes incidental pathology. Forty-three larynges from rams of the Texel and Bluefaced Leicester breeds of sheep were measured and photographed. A larynx from each breed was submitted for computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Measurements, photography, CT, and MRI demonstrated a difference in the anatomy of the larynx between breeds and a higher proportion of Texel sheep had laryngeal lesions. This study supports the hypothesis that the anatomy of the Texel sheep could be pre-disposing the breed to laryngeal chondritis.

scholarly journals Quantification of visceral adipose tissue by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: reproducibility and accuracy

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Carlo Pescatori ◽  
Edoardo Savarino ◽  
Giovanni Mauri ◽  
Enzo Silvestri ◽  
Maurizio Cariati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Interobserver Reproducibility ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Ct And Mri

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of quantifying visceral adipose tissue (VAT) on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, using freeware, as well as calculating intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility. Materials and Methods: We quantified VAT in patients who underwent abdominal CT and MRI at our institution between 2010 and 2015, with a maximum of three months between the two examinations. A slice acquired at the level of the umbilicus was selected. Segmentation was performed with the region growing algorithm of the freeware employed. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility were evaluated, as was the accuracy of MRI in relation to that of CT. Results: Thirty-one patients (14 males and 17 females; mean age of 57 ± 15 years) underwent CT and MRI (mean interval between the examinations, 28 ± 12 days). The interobserver reproducibility was 82% for CT (bias = 1.52 cm2; p = 0.488), 86% for T1-weighted MRI (bias = −4.36 cm2; p = 0.006), and 88% for T2-weighted MRI (bias = −0.52 cm2; p = 0.735). The intraobserver reproducibility was 90% for CT (bias = 0.14 cm2; p = 0.912), 92% for T1-weighted MRI (bias = −3,4 cm2; p = 0.035), and 90% for T2-weighted MRI (bias = −0.30 cm2; p = 0.887). The reproducibility between T1-weighted MRI and T2-weighted MRI was 87% (bias = −0.11 cm2; p = 0.957). In comparison with the accuracy of CT, that of T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI was 89% and 91%, respectively. Conclusion: The program employed can be used in order to quantify VAT on CT, T1-weighted MRI, and T2-weighted MRI scans. Overall, the accuracy of MRI (in comparison with that of CT) appears to be high, as do intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility. However, the quantification of VAT seems to be less reproducible in T1-weighted sequences.

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