Towards a Graphical Grammar for Task Analysis Visualization

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
Glory Creed ◽  
Stephen Dorton
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Graphical Grammar

Task Analysis (TA) represents not one standard method, but rather a toolkit of methods that come with a large and complex range of outputs. Due to this fluidity in methods and resultant data, a standard method of analysis and visual data representation does not currently exist. Depending on the research methods used and desired outcomes, some visualization methods may be more appropriate than others. This body of work seeks to demonstrate the need for the establishment of a graphical grammar in this domain. Initial recommendations are provided for visualizing different task analysis methods. This research lays the groundwork towards the development of a full set of visualization best practices to allow practitioners to gain the most insight from their TA methods of choice.

How (and Whether) to Teach Undergraduates About the Replication Crisis in Psychological Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Chopik ◽  
Ryan H. Bremner ◽  
Andrew M. Defever ◽  
Victor N. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Psychological Studies

Over the past 10 years, crises surrounding replication, fraud, and best practices in research methods have dominated discussions in the field of psychology. However, no research exists examining how to communicate these issues to undergraduates and what effect this has on their attitudes toward the field. We developed and validated a 1-hr lecture communicating issues surrounding the replication crisis and current recommendations to increase reproducibility. Pre- and post-lecture surveys suggest that the lecture serves as an excellent pedagogical tool. Following the lecture, students trusted psychological studies slightly less but saw greater similarities between psychology and natural science fields. We discuss challenges for instructors taking the initiative to communicate these issues to undergraduates in an evenhanded way.

Task Analysis Methods

2017 ◽  
pp. 45-76
Author(s):  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Daniel P. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Task Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methods

Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies for Effective E-Learning

2020 ◽  
pp. 277-289
Author(s):  
Aisha A. Al-Ajeel ◽  
Lujain A. Al-Anjari ◽  
Muhammad Sarfraz
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Interactive Communication ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The State Of Kuwait ◽  
Special Case

Interactive communication systems and technologies are big motivation for e-learning nowadays. This chapter is dedicated for studying the effect of e-learning worldwide. The state of Kuwait is considered as a special case for this study. Two research methods have been used in this study. One method uses a questionnaire for an input of 104 students to study their level of acceptance and their attitudes towards e-learning. Other method has been set to collect interviews with 21 instructors who are involved in e-learning at undergraduate and graduate levels. The participants among students and instructors have been randomly chosen from different Kuwait institutions. A detailed analysis of the input has triggered the best practices to change the people's behavior towards e-learning and find a possible solution to bridge the gap between system makers and the users.

scholarly journals Depicting More Information in Enriched Squarified Treemaps with Layered Glyphs

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Anderson Gregório Marques Soares ◽  
Elvis Thermo Carvalho Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo Santos do Amor Divino Lima ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Resque dos Santos ◽  
Bianchi Serique Meiguins
Keyword(s):  
Information Visualization ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
User Study ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Data ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Visual Variable ◽  
Data Clusters

The Treemap is one of the most relevant information visualization (InfoVis) techniques to support the analysis of large hierarchical data structures or data clusters. Despite that, Treemap still presents some challenges for data representation, such as the few options for visual data mappings and the inability to represent zero and negative values. Additionally, visualizing high dimensional data requires many hierarchies, which can impair data visualization. Thus, this paper proposes to add layered glyphs to Treemap’s items to mitigate these issues. Layered glyphs are composed of N partially visible layers, and each layer maps one data dimension to a visual variable. Since the area of the upper layers is always smaller than the bottom ones, the layers can be stacked to compose a multidimensional glyph. To validate this proposal, we conducted a user study to compare three scenarios of visual data mappings for Treemaps: only Glyphs (G), Glyphs and Hierarchy (GH), and only Hierarchy (H). Thirty-six volunteers with a background in InfoVis techniques, organized into three groups of twelve (one group per scenario), performed 8 InfoVis tasks using only one of the proposed scenarios. The results point that scenario GH presented the best accuracy while having a task-solving time similar to scenario H, which suggests that representing more data in Treemaps with layered glyphs enriched the Treemap visualization capabilities without impairing the data readability.

Ethical and Effective Ethnographic Research Methods: A Case Study with Afghan Refugees in California

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
The U.S

Scholarly studies of refugees and other vulnerable populations carry special ethical concerns. In this invited case study of Afghan refugees in Fremont, California, I provide illustrations and recommendations of ethical research methods with refugees. I also compare and contrast some ethical issues in the U.S. with issues in Thailand. The qualitative, ethnographic methods I report here demonstrate how to conduct culturally sensitive investigations by ethically approaching gatekeepers and other community members to preserve autonomy, ensure confidentiality, build trust, and improve the accuracy of interpretations and results. Six groups at risk for being marginalized in multiple ways within refugee populations are described. Ten best practices are recommended for ethically acquiring an in-depth understanding of the refugees, their community, and appropriate research methods.

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