Factors Associated With Psychosocial Illness Impact Among Black/African American and Hispanic Older Women Living With HIV

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032110587
Author(s):  
Evelyn Iriarte ◽  
Rosina Cianelli ◽  
Natalia Villegas ◽  
Giovanna De Oliveira ◽  
Christine Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black African ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Perception Of Health

Background: In 2018, one in six newly diagnosed individuals with HIV in the United States were adults aged 50 years and older, 24% were women, and 60% were Black/African American and Hispanic (42% and 18%, respectively). Objectives: This study aims to examine the factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among Black/African American and Hispanic older women living with HIV. Method: Guided by the socioecological model, a secondary data analysis design with cross-sectional data that included 138 Black/African American and Hispanic women aged 50 years and older was conducted. Results: Higher levels of avoidant coping, depressive symptoms, negative self-perception of health, and decreased social support were significant factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among this sample. Conclusions: Findings from this study can contribute to identifying solutions to prevent and decrease these negative factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among Black/African American and Hispanic older women.

scholarly journals Factors associated with unsuppressed viremia in women living with HIV on lifelong ART in the multi-country US-PEPFAR PROMOTE study: A cross-sectional analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e0219415
Author(s):  
Patience Atuhaire ◽  
Sherika Hanley ◽  
Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma ◽  
Jim Aizire ◽  
Lynda Stranix-Chibanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals 884. Title: Factors Associated with Lack of Viral Suppression Among Women Living with HIV in the United States: An Integrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S533-S534
Author(s):  
Titilola Labisi ◽  
Nada Fadul ◽  
Jason Coleman ◽  
Anthony Podany ◽  
Keyonna King
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Women account for 19% of new HIV cases in the United States (US). Transgender women are 49 times more likely than other groups to be diagnosed with HIV. HIV is one of the top ten causes of death among women between 25 to 44 years. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and consequent viral suppression (VS) are keys to preventing sexual transmission, risk of drug resistance, and improving health outcomes. Hence, it is essential to identify factors behind VS in women living with HIV (WLWH). Methods This review identified and synthesized peer-reviewed studies describing reasons for lack of VS among WLWH in the US. : Using the PRISMA model, we searched CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and PsycINFO, then selected US studies published from 2010 to April 2021. Studies that included men, non-adults, ongoing studies, and foreign studies were excluded. 1,359 studies were assessed and screened for duplicate and eligibility. PRISMA Model Results 15 studies were eligible for review; 8 included all WLWH, 5 focused on pregnant WLWH, 1 included only African American WLWH and 1 included only transgender WLWH. Based on study participants and findings, results were divided into pregnancy and non-pregnancy-related factors. Pregnancy-related factors: Early ART initiation and group prenatal care improved care retention and VS. WLWH in cities were more likely to be virally suppressed at delivery than those in rural regions. Intimate partner violence (IPV) was associated with poor ART adherence and time to achieve stable VS. Also, being postpartum was associated with high viral load regardless of ART. Non-pregnancy-related factors: The most reported common factors were substance use and IPV. Other factors included social determinants of health, age, race, health insurance, income, number of pills, and regimen. Transgender-specific factors were stress, race, age, relationship, transphobic experiences, gender satisfaction, and adherence to hormone therapy. Conclusion Substance use, income, mental health, health insurance, race, and ART regimen were the most common factors associated with VS in WLWH. There was paucity of data on transgender-specific VS factors. More research is needed to explore VS and treatment adherence amongWLWH, especially transgender women. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Factors associated with condom use among men and women living with HIV in Lilongwe, Malawi: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1.2-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa B Haddad ◽  
Jennifer H Tang ◽  
Jamie Krashin ◽  
Wingston Ng’ambi ◽  
Hannock Tweya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

BackgroundUnderstanding the influences on condom use among men and women living with HIV is critical to tailoring sexually transmitted infection/HIV prevention efforts.MethodsThis is a sub-analysis of a cross-sectional survey including 255 women and 220 men who were sexually active, HIV-positive, and attending HIV care visits in Lilongwe, Malawi. We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) to evaluate for factors associated with consistent condom use (always using condoms in the past month) and use at last coitus for men and women in separate models.ResultsAmong women: 38% and 55% reported consistent condom use and condom use at last coitus, respectively. For women, consistent use and use at last coitus were positively associated with the ability to refuse sex without condoms and shared decision-making compared with making the decision alone regarding condom use, and negatively associated with desire for children in the future. Consistent use also increased with longer antiretroviral therapy (ART) use (≥1 year compared with no ART use). Among men: 51% and 69% reported consistent condom use and condom use at last coitus, respectively. For men, the ability to refuse sex without condoms was associated with consistent use and use at last coitus, and believing that condoms should be used with other contraception was associated with consistent use.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate ongoing low condom utilisation among HIV-positive individuals, and highlight that ART and contraceptive use do not deter condom use. Efforts to increase condom utilisation must recognise individual-level factors that influence use and should focus on relationship dynamics and promotion of empowerment and self-efficacy.

scholarly journals One in every four women living with HIV had unmet need for family planning in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihret Dejen Kassie ◽  
Yohannes Ayanaw Habitu ◽  
Simegnew Handebo
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background All women, including those living with HIV, have the right to choose the timing, spacing, and number of their births and need access to family planning services.Objective To assess the prevalence and factors associated with unmet need for family planning among women attending Anti retro viral Therapy (ART).Methods Facility-based cross sectional study was conducted from March, to April, 2018 in Gondar town, Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit respondents. A total of 441 reproductive age women on ART were included in the study. The data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Bivariate and backward multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with unmet need for family planning. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval was computed.Results The prevalence of unmet need for family planning was 24.5% (95% CI: 20.4-28.8). Rural residence (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI (1.02, 4.36)), women aged 20-29 years (AOR: 0.29, 95% CI (0.09, 0.93)), 30-34 years (AOR: 0.30, 95% CI (0.10, 0.92)), 35-39 years (AOR: 0.14, 95% CI (0.04, 0.45)), and above 40 years (AOR: 0.08, 95% CI (0.02, 0.38)), have more than three children (AOR: 0.12, 95% CI (0.04, 0.36)), intention to have more children (AOR: 0.08, 95% CI (0.03, 0.23)), who did not disclose their sero-status to partner (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI (0.19, 0.81)), having no experience of contraception use (AOR: 0.44, 95% CI (0.21, 0.92)) were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning.Conclusion One in every four women living with HIV had unmet need for family planning. Rural residence, age of the women, having >3 children, intention to have more children, not disclosing sero-status to partner, and having no experience of contraception use were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning.

scholarly journals Factors associated with underrepresented minority physician scientist trainee career choices

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha L. Siebert ◽  
Shinnyi Chou ◽  
Omar Toubat ◽  
Alexander J. Adami ◽  
Hajwa Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Career Choices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Physician Scientist ◽  
Selection Factors

Abstract Background Recently, there have been concerted efforts to improve racial and ethnic diversity in the physician-scientist workforce. Identifying factors associated with career choices among those underrepresented in medicine and science is a necessary first step to advance this objective. The aim of the present study was to assess the attitudes and factors associated with academic and research career interests among underrepresented predoctoral physician-scientists. Methods A cross-sectional 70-question survey was distributed to all predoctoral single degree (MD or DO) and dual degree (MD/PhD or DO/PhD) trainees at 32 medical schools in the United States from 2012 to 2014. Main outcomes included factors important to advancement in academic medicine, intended medical specialty, and future career plans. To test the post-hoc hypothesis of whether trainees from underrepresented groups have differing perceptions of career trajectories and obstacles than their counterparts, we evaluated responses according to self-identified race/ethnic status using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. All tests were two-sided and significance level of < 0.05 was used. Results There were a total of 4433 responses representing all predoctoral training stages. The response rate was 27%. Most respondents were single degree trainees (MD/DO 79% vs MD/DO-PhD 21%). Most respondents self-identified as White (67%), followed by Multi-racial or Other (14.3%), Asian or Pacific Islander (10.4%), Hispanic (6%), and Black or African American (4.1%). Desired career sector, career intention, and clinical specialty interest differed across race/ethnic groups. With respect to career selection factors, anticipated non-work related responsibilities during residency were also significantly different between these groups. By multivariable regression analysis, Black or African American trainees were significantly less likely than White trainees to indicate a career in academia (OR 0.496, 95% CI 0.322–0.764) and basic research (OR 0.314, 95% CI 0.115–0.857), while Multi-racial or Other trainees were also less likely than White trainees to indicate a career in academia (OR 0.763, 95% CI 0.594–0.980). Conclusions These data represent the first in-depth survey of career aspirations, perceptions, and interests between demographically underrepresented and non-underrepresented predoctoral physician-scientist trainees. Our results identify key differences between these cohorts, which may guide efforts to improve diversity within the physician-scientist workforce.

scholarly journals Using an Electronic Medication Event–Monitoring System for Antiretroviral Therapy Self-Management Among African American Women Living With HIV in Rural Florida: Cohort Study

10.2196/14888 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e14888
Author(s):  
Robert Lucero ◽  
Renessa Williams ◽  
Tanisia Esalomi ◽  
Paula Alexander-Delpech ◽  
Christa Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
African American Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Event Monitoring ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Rural Florida ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background HIV remains a significant health issue in the United States and disproportionately affects African Americans. African American women living with HIV (AAWH) experience a particularly high number of barriers when attempting to manage their HIV care, including antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. To enable the development and assessment of effective interventions that address these barriers to support ART adherence, there is a critical need to understand more fully the use of objective measures of ART adherence among AAWH, including electronic medication dispensers for real-time surveillance. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the use of the Wisepill medication event–monitoring system (MEMS) and compare the objective and subjective measures of ART adherence. Methods We conducted a 30-day exploratory pilot study of the MEMS among a convenience sample of community-dwelling AAWH (N=14) in rural Florida. AAWH were trained on the use of the MEMS to determine the feasibility of collecting, capturing, and manipulating the MEMS data for an objective measure of ART adherence. Self-reported sociodemographic information, including a self-reported measure of ART adherence, was also collected from AAWH. Results We found that the majority of participants were successful at using the electronic MEMS. Daily use of the MEMS tended to be outside of the usual time participants took their medication. Three 30-day medication event patterns were found that characterized ART adherence, specifically uniform and nonuniform medication adherence and nonuniform medication nonadherence. There were relatively few MEMS disruptions among study participants. Overall, adjusted daily ART adherence was 81.08% and subjective ART adherence was 77.78%. Conclusions This pilot study on the use and evaluation of the Wisepill MEMS among AAWH in rural Florida is the first such study in the United States. The findings of this study are encouraging because 10 out of 12 participants consistently used the MEMS, there were relatively few failures, and objective adjusted daily and overall subjective ART adherence were very similar. On the basis of these findings, we think researchers should consider using the Wisepill MEMS in future studies of AAWH and people living with HIV in the United States after taking into account our practical suggestions. The following practical considerations are suggested when measuring objective medication adherence: (1) before using an MEMS, be familiar with the targeted populations’ characteristics; (2) choose an MEMS that aligns with the participants’ day-to-day activities; (3) ensure the MEMS’ features and resulting data support the research goals; (4) assess the match among the user’s ability, wireless features of the MEMS, and the geographic location of the participants; and (5) consider the cost of MEMS and the research budget.

scholarly journals Vaginal Dysplasia and HIV: An African American and Caribbean American Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lunthita M. Duthely ◽  
Jose A. Carugno ◽  
Cayla Y. Suthumphong ◽  
Erica B. Feldman ◽  
JoNell E. Potter
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Vaginal Cancer ◽  
Caribbean Women ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background. Vaginal cancer is a rare disease with poor clinical outcomes and limited therapeutic options. In the United States (US), minority women and older women are disproportionately diagnosed with late-stage vaginal cancer. Sociodemographic characteristics, risk behaviors, and cooccurring conditions are linked to vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN). The diagnosis of VaIN is more prevalent among older women and women living with HIV (WLWH). The Caribbean basin has one of the highest rates of anogenital cancers in the Western Hemisphere. In the US, vaginal infections are more prevalent among Caribbean women, and these infections contribute to higher rates of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Given the high rate of anogenital cancers in the Caribbean and the high rates of HPV among Caribbean women in the US, we sought to describe the occurrence of VaIN in a cohort of Black non-Hispanic WLWH. The cohort was followed by an interdisciplinary team of providers with the University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine. Results. Caribbean Americans were living with HIV longer and more were uninsured; more African Americans endorsed cigarette and illicit substance use. Caribbean Americans trended towards the highest grades of VaIN (VaIN 2+) at baseline, but more African Americans progressed to VaIN 2+ in subsequent biopsies. Conclusion. In this cohort of Caribbean American and African American women living with HIV diagnosed with VaIN, Caribbean Americans had the highest grade of VaIN at baseline, but more African Americans progressed to more advanced stages of the disease.

Pharmacists Who Screen and Discuss Opioid Misuse With Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Cochran ◽  
Craig Field ◽  
Kenneth Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Screening And Brief Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Current Screening

Background: Prescription opioid (PO) abuse has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, and pharmacies are locations from which these medications are often diverted. This study identifies factors associated with pharmacists who currently screen and discuss PO misuse with patients. Methods: A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional Web-based survey that was sent to pharmacists was conducted. The survey contained items that assessed whether pharmacists currently screened and discussed PO misuse with patients along with pharmacists’ attitudes and beliefs toward providing brief interventions. Multivariable models were developed which identified factors associated with pharmacists’ currently screening and discussing misuse. Results: Chain setting pharmacists (odds ratio [OR] = 6.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-32.72) and pharmacists interested in being directly involved in PO screening and brief intervention research projects (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.35-3.15) were most likely to report current screening. Pharmacists who reported currently screening for misuse (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 2.83-6.45) and who reported wanting to help patients who misuse POs (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.50-6.15) were most likely to currently discuss abuse. Conclusions: Investigators implementing pharmacy-based screening and brief intervention studies for POs should take into account practice location and pharmacists’ interest in addressing PO issues.

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