The Impact of DSM-5 A-Criteria Changes on Parent Ratings of ADHD in Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret H. Sibley ◽  
Carlos E. Yeguez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Parent Ratings ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Objective: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) A-criteria for ADHD were expanded to include new descriptors referencing adolescent and adult symptom manifestations. This study examines the effect of these changes on symptom endorsement in a sample of adolescents with ADHD (N = 259; age range = 10.72-16.70). Method: Parent ratings were collected and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR) and DSM-5 endorsement of ADHD symptoms were compared. Results: Under the DSM-5, there were significant increases in reported inattention, but not hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I) symptoms, with specific elevations for certain symptoms. The average adolescent met criteria for less than one additional symptom under the DSM-5, but the correlation between ADHD symptoms and impairment was attenuated when using the DSM-5 items. Impulsivity items appeared to represent adolescent deficits better than hyperactivity items. Results were not moderated by demographic factors. Conclusion: In a sample of adolescents with well-diagnosed DSM-IV-TR ADHD, developmental symptom descriptors led parents to endorse slightly more symptoms of inattention, but this elevation is unlikely to be clinically meaningful.

What Is the Problem With Sexual Intimacy Following Intimate Partner Violence in the DSM-5?

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122199876
Author(s):  
Alannah Buller ◽  
Sarah Epstein ◽  
Norah Hosken
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Intimacy ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
The Impact

Drawing on a data subset from a larger Australian-focused project, this article reports on the ways that women’s voices have been silenced and misrecognized in the representation of the impact on sexual intimacy following experiences of intimate partner violence. Bacchi’s “What Is the Problem Represented to Be?” approach was used to identify, explore and unpack the “problem” representations of the impacts on sexual intimacy following women’s experiences of intimate partner violence within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

scholarly journals Un análisis crítico de los debates acerca del duelo y el trastorno depresivo en la era del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. e2319
Author(s):  
Francisco Pizarro Obaid ◽  
Rodrigo De La Fabián Albagli
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Dsm Iv

Desde la incorporación del trastorno depresivo mayor en el Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) de 1980, hasta su actualización en el DSM-IV-TR, el sistema clasificatorio DSM consideró necesario incluir el criterio de “exclusión por duelo”, con el objetivo de diferenciar la tristeza normal, vinculada a una pérdida, de un trastorno mental, como el trastorno depresivo mayor. En su última versión (DSM-5), esta excepción fue suprimida, dando lugar a una controversia que se extiende hasta nuestros días. El debate ha confrontado a quienes están a favor de mantener y extender la exclusión a otros estresores y aquellos que han querido erradicarla. Nuestra hipótesis es que estas posiciones darían cuenta de dos matrices clínicas y epistemológicas cualitativamente diversas ligadas a las trasformaciones mayores que han experimentado las ciencias de la salud y la psiquiatría. Mostramos que este debate involucró una renovación profunda del sentido de la práctica psiquiátrica, un cambio en la función del diagnóstico y el modo de concebir la etiología de la enfermedad mental, así como, una reformulación del estatuto del sufrimiento del paciente para el acto médico.

scholarly journals The diagnosis and management of depression in the era of the DSM-5

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Eileen Thomas ◽  
S Seedat
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Individual

Depressive disorders comprise a range of conditions that can be viewed along many dimensions. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) introduced several changes to the chapter on depressive disorders largely informed by advances in neuroscience, clinical and public health needs and difficulties identified with the previous DSM-IV classification system and criteria. Clinical characteristics vary across depressive disorders, as do the corresponding treatments. Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy should be tailored to the individual patient.

Essstörungen

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Knoll ◽  
Manuel Föcker ◽  
Johannes Hebebrand
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Die fünfte Revision des Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) hat für den Bereich Essstörungen einige wesentliche Änderungen erbracht. Im DSM-5 werden erstmalig Fütter- und Essstörungen in einer Kategorie zusammengefasst. Zu den klassischen Essstörungen zählt neben Anorexia nervosa (AN) und Bulimia nervosa (BN) nun auch die Binge-Eating-Störung (BES) als eigenständige Diagnose. Die Kriterien für AN sind zum Teil wesentlich verändert worden, während nur wenige Kriterien der BN abgeändert wurden. Die Kriterien der BES unterscheiden sich nur marginal von den Forschungskriterien im DSM-IV. Unter einer neuen Kategorie «Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder» wurden einzelne Subdiagnosen für AN, BN und BES gefasst und spezifische Kriterien genannt. Die Restkategorie «Nicht näher bezeichnete Fütter- oder Essstörungen» wurde umbenannt in «Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder». Ob sich die DSM-5-Kriterien für Essstörungen und v. a. für AN in der Klinik und Forschung als klinisch praktikabel bewähren, bleibt abzuwarten.

The DSM-5: What should general practitioners know?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Paris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Radical Revision

The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), was initially expected to be a radical revision of previous editions. However, there was insufficient evidence to support many of the proposals for changes, and the final product is not that different from DSM-IV. This having seen said, this chapter outlines what changes have been made, and what the future prospects for the classification of mental disorders may be.

Prevalence and Factor Structure of PTSD in DSM-5 Versus DSM-IV in a National Sample of Sexual Minority Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051989296
Author(s):  
Debra Kaysen ◽  
Isaac C. Rhew ◽  
Joyce Bittinger ◽  
Michele Bedard-Gilligan ◽  
Lisa A. Garberson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Sexual Minority Women ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Impact

The impact of changes to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnostic criteria from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) within diverse communities is unclear. Young adult sexual minority women are at high risk for interpersonal violence and other forms of trauma exposure compared with heterosexual populations and sexual minority men. They are also at heightened risk of PTSD. As a result, young adult sexual minority women are a key population of interest when examining the impact of diagnostic criteria changes. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the impact of changes to PTSD diagnostic criteria in sexual minority women. Using an online survey, we administered both the original PTSD Symptom Checklist-S (based on DSM- IV criteria) and a version adapted to assess DSM-5 criteria to a national, nonclinical sample of young adult sexual minority women ( N = 767). The DSM-5 symptom criteria fit the data well in confirmatory factor analysis. Current PTSD prevalence was higher under the DSM-5 diagnostic algorithm compared with DSM- IV (18.6% vs. 22.9%; d = 0.15). Compared with DSM- IV, associations between PTSD and depression were stronger using DSM-5 criteria, whereas associations between PTSD and high-risk drinking were reduced. Findings suggest that changes to PTSD diagnostic criteria do not have a major impact on prevalence of PTSD among sexual minority women but may have some impact on observed comorbidities.

Harmonizing DSM-IV and DSM-5 Versions of ADHD “A Criteria”: An Item Response Theory Analysis

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110612
Author(s):  
Stefany Coxe ◽  
Margaret H. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Item Characteristics ◽  
Dsm Iv

The transition from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR) to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) checklists included item wording changes that require psychometric validation. A large sample of 854 adolescents across four randomized trials of psychosocial ADHD treatments was used to evaluate the comparability of the DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 versions of the ADHD symptom checklist. Item response theory (IRT) was used to evaluate item characteristics and determine differences across versions and studies. Item characteristics varied across items. No consistent differences in item characteristics were found across versions. Some differences emerged between studies. IRT models were used to create continuous, harmonized scores that take item, study, and version differences into account and are therefore comparable. DSM-IV-TR ADHD checklists will generalize to the DSM-5 era. Researchers should consider using modern measurement methods (such as IRT) to better understand items and create continuous variables that better reflect the variability in their samples.

scholarly journals THE DSM-5 AND THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS UNDER THE CRIMINAL LAW

Obiter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charnelle van der Bijl ◽  
Letitia Pienaar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Axial System

The DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published in 2013. This manual replaced and significantly revised the former DSM IV-TR, as it abolishes the Multi-Axial system that distinguished between personality and otherdisorders, which system had an impact on the disorders that were considered legally significant from those that were not. Owing to its recent publication, the DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, was not judicially considered in a criminal-law context. This article examines the role that personality disorders in the DSM-5 will play on the possible future of Criminal Law jurisprudential literature. Personality disorders are examined in the context of their classification, the definition of mental illness and pathological criminal incapacity. Possible solutions are suggested on how these mental disorders may be accommodated in the Criminal Law context.

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