The National Infrastructure Reserve Bank

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Size Of Government ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Deferred Maintenance ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
National Infrastructure

This article examines the implementation of a novel national infrastructure bank (NIB) which coins or “makes” U.S. currency to provide capital for infrastructure loans. This approach eliminates bond expense while reducing long-term life cycle costs caused by deferred maintenance and construction inflation. It also addresses the three main issues that have blocked prior NIB proposals by providing a near zero-cost source of capital, reducing the total size of government employment, and isolating funding from national politics while reducing costs by US$75 to US$220 billion and creating up to three million or more jobs annually.

Evaluation of the long-term performance and life cycle costs of GTR asphalt pavements

2016 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munir D. Nazzal ◽  
Md. Tanvir Iqbal ◽  
Sang Soo Kim ◽  
Ala R. Abbas ◽  
Moses Akentuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Salt marshes for flood risk reduction: Quantifying long-term effectiveness and life-cycle costs

2019 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 96-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Vuik ◽  
Bas W. Borsje ◽  
Pim W.J.M. Willemsen ◽  
Sebastiaan N. Jonkman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Flood Risk Reduction

scholarly journals Residential Construction with a Focus on Evaluation of the Life Cycle of Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 524
Author(s):  
Eduard Hromada ◽  
Stanislav Vitasek ◽  
Jakub Holcman ◽  
Renata Schneiderova Heralova ◽  
Tomas Krulicky
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
Residential Projects ◽  
Total Life

The article focuses on highlighting the role of life cycle costing (LCC) in the preparatory and implementation phase of residential projects. It involves the evaluation of several investment scenarios in the pre-investment phase, the choice between variants of the design of the entire building or its parts, and the choice of variants of structures and equipment with acceptable parameters. An innovative method of evaluating the life cycle of buildings is described in the article. This method was tested in selected residential projects realized by Skanska in the Czech Republic. Experience from construction practice shows that the choice of variants, constructions, or equipment of buildings only on the basis of the lowest acquisition costs (lowest bid prices) is wrong. The LCC calculation tool has been designed to model life cycle costs of individual variants of construction designs with different input parameters. It is possible to analyze the components or equipment that have the greatest impact on total life cycle costs. The article presents a tool that evaluates the long-term economic efficiency of the proposed residential buildings in terms of analysis of life cycle costs. The article will also expand the knowledge of the professional and general public about the importance of examining investment and operating costs already in the phase of construction preparation.

scholarly journals LCC-Based Appraisal of Ballasted and Slab Tracks: Limits and Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Giammaria Pratico ◽  
Marinella Giunta
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Breakeven Point

The increase in train speed and axle load is an important goal to achieve in the future.  From a technical standpoint, ballastless tracks seem to be suitable to the aim, especially when high-speed passenger trains share the track with freight trains. Based on the above, the primary objective of this study is the comparison between ballasted and slab tracks regarding total costs over the life course. A suitable model to evaluate the total costs of competing solutions is set up. A solution for solving the issue of CO2 price fluctuation and for the quantification of External Costs is also formulated.  Life Cycle Costs are estimated based on agency, environmental and present user values. Analyses and results show that when Life Cycle Costing-based approaches are applied: i) Agency Costs have to be considered in the long-term perspective; ii) expected life has an appreciable impact and several solutions and systems, more affordable in the short term, yield unfavourable maintenance and renewal processes; iii) if total costs are considered over track life, the breakeven point is very far from the construction. Furthermore, the differences between the total Present Values of the two solutions become too small to yield sound conclusions in favour of the ballasted vs. the ballastless solution.

Sustainable Conceptual Design of Structures between Form Finding and Free Form Design: The Ruled Freedom

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobia Zordan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
World Population ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Definition Of

<p>While the definition of “Sustainability” is a rather determined concept for many engineering disciplines, the way we have, as civil engineers, to effectively incorporate sustainability issues into Structural Design is still a fuzzy issue, even if many green rating systems cradle-to-grave are proposed in literature. Sustainability deals with the evaluation of uncertainties and with optimization procedures helping the Engineer to address the choice among a set of possible design alternatives.</p><p>Conceptual design represents a fundamental aspect in all design phases ranging, in its widest meaning, from the first ideas till the definition of the details and involving even aspects related to the life-cycle of the structure, as for instance, the long-term maintenance strategies.</p><p>In an age where digital tools are giving the Designers the possibility of expressing themselves shaping structures whose fundamentals can be completely separated from the principles of Structural Engineering, with the consequent dramatic increase of the uncertainties related to the long-term response of the structure. The lesson learnt from the Masters of Structural Engineering of last Century, with their utmost attention in the definition of the most suitable shape able to fit the structural requirements under given boundary conditions, seems to acquire the greatest importance within a sustainable process where the limitation of uncertainties appears to meaningfully contribute to the reliable quantification of the life cycle costs and resource consumption.</p><p>If we can share the statement, which is probably irrefutable, that the overall development ratio of the increasing world population and the increasing search for wealth is presently incompatible with the available resources, the contribution of Structural Engineering in limiting the uncertainties related to the life-cycle demand of structures and infrastructures can be meaningful.</p><p>There is a “Ruled Freedom” in achieving a piece of Structural Art through a sustainable design that must consider usual issues like safety and serviceability as well as other key features which are sometimes not taken in due consideration such as structural efficiency, aesthetics, adaptability, durability, life-cycle costs and minimal maintenance, risk reduction and value protection. A number of examples related to the mentioned aspects will be supplied in the following.</p>

The effects of expansion joint design on bridge life-cycle costs - initial investment versus total cost of ownership

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arneaux Vide L’eau ◽  
Adel Yousfi ◽  
Niculin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
User Costs ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
Continuous Movements

<p>The need to maximise long-term value for money supports the consideration of life-cycle costs rather than just initial construction costs when investing in key infrastructure such as bridges. This is especially true in the case of a bridge’s expansion joints, which are much less robust than the structure as a whole yet subjected to continuous movements and dynamic loading. The life-cycle costs of a bridge’s expansion joints may be considered to include not only initial supply and installation costs, but also maintenance and repair costs throughout their service life, and replacement costs, and the user costs associated with maintenance and replacement work – especially those relating to traffic disruption. Increasingly, the effects of avoidable work on the environment should also be considered. This paper will address this topic, discussing issues that should be considered in choosing the optimal solution for any individual structure.</p>

scholarly journals The selected roof covering technologies in the aspect of their life cycle costs

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Apollo ◽  
Agata Siemaszko ◽  
Emilia Miszewska-Urbańska
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Roof Area ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Reinforcing Layer

AbstractIn the article is presented an analysis of the life cycle costs calculation for selected roof coverings. The scope of research includes costs of construction, maintenance and demolition of the roof covering structure for two alternative technologies – the traditional and new generation. On the presented example of an industrial building with a roof area of 1000 m2, the above costs are taken to consideration for the roof covering made of two thermoplastic asphalt torching polymer membrane layers and a new generation PVC thermoplastic film with a reinforcing layer. The input data presented in the article comes from the investor (the owner of the future facility) and from property managers responsible for the maintenance of facilities in regard to the purpose, volume and applied method.The subject of the research is the analysis of the range of impact of the selected roof covering technology on the long-term costs of its maintenance. The aim of the research conducted by the authors is to indicate the possibility of reducing the costs related to the maintenance and elimination of a selected building structure (roof covering) in the assumed period of its operation for 70 years.

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