Feline urinary incontinence: a retrospective case series (2009–2019)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110331
Author(s):  
Isabelle Mérindol ◽  
Marilyn Dunn ◽  
Catherine Vachon
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Urethral Obstruction ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Objectives The objective of this retrospective study was to describe the feline population presented for urinary incontinence at a veterinary teaching hospital between 2009 and 2019, with a particular focus on cats with a non-neurologic underlying cause. Methods The medical records of cats diagnosed with urinary incontinence were retrospectively evaluated. Signalment, clinical presentation, results of diagnostic tests, diagnosis of the underlying cause and treatments were recorded. When information was available, outcome was recorded and follow-ups divided into three time frames (0–1 week, 1 week to 3 months and >3 months). Results Thirty-five cats were presented with urinary incontinence. Of these, 18 cats with complete medical records presented urinary incontinence of non-neurologic origin. The most common clinical signs at presentation were urine leakage while resting (12/18), urine-soiled perineum (8/18), urine dribbling (8/18) and no spontaneous micturition (5/18). The most common underlying cause was urethral obstruction (67%; 12/18), with a majority due to urethral strictures (58%; 7/12). Other causes were suspected inflammation (2/12), neoplasia (1/12), urolithiasis (1/12) and foreign body (1/12). In 8/10 cats in which it was performed, cystoscopy and contrast cystourethrography were the methods that led to the diagnosis. Twelve cats with urethral obstruction underwent interventional procedures, resulting in complete resolution of incontinence in 7/12 and improvement in 1/12. Urinary tract infection was a common complication after 3 months (4/18). Conclusions and relevance When incontinence of non-neurologic origin is suspected in a cat, urethral obstruction should be considered. Advanced imaging studies (cystoscopy and contrast studies) are useful for diagnosis. A good prognosis was reported in cats undergoing interventional procedures with no long-term treatment.

Treatment Outcome of 22 Dogs With Masticatory Muscle Myositis (1999-2015)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Ana C. Castejon-Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Soltero-Rivera ◽  
Dorothy C. Brown ◽  
Alexander M. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Masticatory Muscle ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The University ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

Medical records of dogs diagnosed with masticatory muscle myositis (MMM) at Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania during a period of 17 years (from 1999 to 2015) were reviewed. Twenty-two dogs were included in this retrospective case series study. Immunosuppressive doses of prednisone were prescribed to all dogs. Twenty dogs had full recovery of masticatory function. The mean (SD) improvement in the vertical mandibular range of motion (vmROM) was 5.3 (3.1) cm during the first 4 weeks of treatment (weeks 1-4) and 2.8 (2.2) cm during the subsequent 8 weeks (weeks 5-12). The vmROM continued to improve for several more months. Six dogs had a relapse, but the clinical signs were more severe in dogs when no longer receiving prednisone compared to dogs still on prednisone at the time of relapse. When diagnosed and treated appropriately, MMM has a good prognosis with relatively quick return to masticatory function. Early discontinuation of prednisone therapy should be avoided. Approximately 1 year of therapy is recommended prior to discontinuing the medication. Educating the client about how to perform muscle palpation, determine vmROM at home, recognize signs of pain, and notice behavioral changes may help in the early detection of relapses.

Arthroscopic treatment of fragmented coronoid process with severe elbow incongruity

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. de Bakker ◽  
D. Van Vynckt ◽  
E. Coppieters ◽  
H. van Bree ◽  
B. Van Ryssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Coronoid Process ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Treatment

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term treatment results of fragmented coronoid process (FCP) in joints with a radio-ulnar step greater than 3 mm. Treatment of these patients only consisted of fragment removal, without correction of the incongruity.The eight Bernese Mountain Dogs (11 joints) included in this study showed obvious clinical signs of elbow disease and were diagnosed with severe elbow incongruity and concomitant FCP in the time period from 1999–2003. At that time, elbow radiography, computed tomography, and arthroscopy were performed. The mean follow-up period was 5.6 years. The follow-up consisted of a telephone questionnaire combined with a clinical and radiographic re-evaluation at our clinic.The questionnaire revealed that all dogs were either free of lameness or only lame following heavy exercise. One dog sporadically required medication after heavy exercise. The owner satisfaction rate was 100%. The clinical re-evaluation did not reveal any signs of pain or lameness in all cases. Range-of- motion was decreased in nine of the 11 elbows. Radiographs revealed an increase in severity of osteoarthritis in every case.In this case series, arthroscopic fragment removal without treatment of incongruity was demonstrated to be a valuable treatment option and may provide a satisfactory long-term outcome.

Outcomes Following Balloon Dilation of Benign Urethral Strictures in Dogs: Eight Cases (2005–2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Taylor Estes Gin ◽  
Patty Secoura ◽  
Tonya Harris ◽  
Shelly Vaden
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Urethral Strictures

ABSTRACT Balloon dilation has been described infrequently as a treatment for benign urethral strictures in dogs but is often a first-line therapeutic option for humans. Additional evidence is needed to evaluate the potential role of this procedure in veterinary medicine. The aim of the study was to describe the techniques used and evaluate the response to balloon dilation of benign urethral strictures in dogs. Medical records were reviewed from eight client-owned dogs who underwent balloon dilation of a benign urethral stricture over a 13 yr period in this retrospective case series. Clinical signs improved for five of eight dogs after a single balloon dilation during a follow-up period of 1 wk to 3 yr. After a second procedure, an additional dog demonstrated improvement for 5.5 yr. Adverse outcomes included urinary incontinence in two dogs and recurrent bacteriuria in four dogs. Findings suggest that balloon dilation is an effective, minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of benign urethral strictures in dogs. Urinary incontinence, urinary tract infection, and stricture recurrence are potential outcomes for dogs undergoing this procedure either as a result of the nature of the underlying disease or as a result of the procedure.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Daptomycin in Neonates with Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Case Series Analysis

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Yahya Mohzari ◽  
Fahad Aljobair ◽  
Ahmed Alrashed ◽  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Renad Abdullah Alshuraim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Medical City

There has been an increase in the prevalence of gram-positive bacteremia in neonates in the last two decades. However, as a consequence of better care, there has been an increase in the survival of premature neonates. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is the most prevalent bacteria, responsible for up to 60% of late-onset sepsis (LOS). Daptomycin, a lipopeptide antimicrobial agent, is active against CoNS. This was an observational, retrospective case series study carried out in the Pediatric Hospital of King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The medical records of 21 neonates, aged 0–28 days, who were treated in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with intravenous daptomycin as monotherapy or combination therapy for at least 4 days for proven gram-positive infection between June 2019 to July 2020, were included. The median gestational and chronological age were 27 weeks and 5 days, respectively. The most frequent diagnosis in neonates was infective endocarditis (42.9%). Of the 21 patients who received daptomycin therapy, 13 (62%) recovered and 8 died. The clinical cure rate was higher in Staphylococcus hominis (100%) and in patients who received 6 mg/kg/dose twice daily (62.5%). The mean of aspartate aminotransferase significantly elevated after starting daptomycin (p = 0.048). However, no muscular or neurological toxicity of daptomycin was documented in any of the cases. Overall, daptomycin was well tolerated, even with long-term treatment.

scholarly journals P012 Preliminary experience of the use of oral posaconazole and terbinafine to treat lomentospora prolificans and scedosporium apiospermum in children with cystic fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. e2.15-e2
Author(s):  
Sian Bentley ◽  
IM Balfour-Lynn ◽  
SB Carr
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Scedosporium Apiospermum ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Positive Clinical Effect ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection ◽  
Nutritional Complications

BackgroundItraconazole and voriconazole are the drugs of choice for Lomentospora prolificans and Scedosporium apiospermum. Posaconazole, is often substituted when there is intolerance or lack of efficacy to first line agents. Terbinafine, an allylamine antifungal, is recommended with an azole for the treatment of L.prolificans, though there is no published use of this combination in children with cystic fibrosis (CF).AimTo evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of this regimen in CF children.MethodsRetrospective case note review of CF children receiving terbinafine and posaconazole, from Nov 2015 to Nov 2016. Children were identified from pharmacy records and clinical data collected from case notes and laboratory records.ResultsThere were 4 children (all girls), median age 15 years (range 10–16), with a median FEV1% predicted of 70.5% (range 55–88%). 2 children chronically isolated L.prolificans, 2 isolated S.apiospermum. 3 also had CF related diabetes and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. 1 child received treatment for 6 weeks. 3 children are taking long- term treatment (median 50 weeks; range 35–59). 2 children improved FEV1% predicted with treatment by 14% and 15%; one was stable. Importantly the trend graphs for lung function in these 3 children appear to stabilise post initiation of treatment. One child did not improve her lung function but also had recurrent MRSA infections and significant nutritional complications. No adverse effects from the combination were reported. Posaconazole levels were therapeutic (>1 mg/l) in all children (range 1.22–3.85 mg/l). Terbinafine levels were not measured.ConclusionIn this small case series, combination treatment with posaconazole and terbinafine was well tolerated and a positive clinical effect on lung function was evident. This is the first report on the use of this regimen for this indication in CF children and we will continue to use it, whilst gathering safety and efficacy data.

scholarly journals Long-Term Safety of Anti-TNF Adalimumab in HBc Antibody-Positive Psoriatic Arthritis Patients: A Retrospective Case Series of 8 Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Laurenti ◽  
F. Giovannangeli ◽  
E. Gubinelli ◽  
M. T. Viviano ◽  
A. Errico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
History Of

Immunosuppressive drugs commonly used in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis make patients more susceptible to viral, bacterial, and fungal infections because of their mechanism of action. They not only increase the risk of new infections but also act altering the natural course of preexisting infections. While numerous data regarding the reactivation of tuberculosis infection are available in the literature, poor information about the risk of reactivation or exacerbation of hepatitis viruses B and C infections during treatment with biologics has been reported. Furthermore, reported series with biological therapy included short periods of followup, and therefore, they are not adequate to verify the risk of reactivation in the long-term treatment. Our study evaluated patients with a history of hepatitis B and psoriatic arthritis treated with adalimumab and monitored up to six years. During the observation period, treatment was effective and well tolerated in all patients, and liver function tests and viral load levels remained unchanged.

Canine Schistosomiasis in Kansas: Five Cases (2000–2009)

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. e95-e102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Hanzlicek ◽  
Kenneth R. Harkin ◽  
Michael W. Dryden ◽  
Ruthanne Chun ◽  
Patricia A. Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Diagnostic Investigation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This is a retrospective case series consisting of five dogs diagnosed with schistosomiasis. The purpose of this article is to report the presence of naturally occurring canine schistosomiasis in Kansas and to provide clinical details regarding schistosomiasis. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with schistosomiasis from 2000 to 2009 were reviewed, and information extracted included signalment, history, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, treatment, and outcome. Affected dogs were primarily medium to large breed and young to middle aged. All dogs were considered outdoor dogs, with three having known access to surface water. Common clinical signs included gastrointestinal disease and signs associated with hypercalcemia. Fecal flotation was negative in all dogs in contrast to fecal saline sedimentation and fecal polymerase chain reaction, which were both positive in all dogs in which it was performed. All dogs treated specifically for schistosomiasis fully recovered. This article describes the first reported cases of canine schistosomiasis in the Midwest and the first reported case of intestinal intussusception secondary to schistosomiasis. Recognizing that canine schistosomiasis is present in Kansas and possibly other Midwestern states should prompt veterinarians to perform appropriate diagnostic investigation in suspect animals as the diagnosis is straight forward and relatively inexpensive.

Canine Intrapelvic Hemangiosarcoma in 12 Dogs (2000–2019): a Retrospective Case Series

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Kira L. Bourne ◽  
Kaitlan N. Hovis ◽  
Christopher R. Dolan ◽  
Brandan Wusterfeld-Janssens ◽  
Heather Wilson-Robles
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Urethral Obstruction ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Primary Location ◽  
Hindlimb Lameness

ABSTRACT Intrapelvic hemangiosarcoma (IP HSA) is an uncommon primary location of canine HSA, and its presentation appears to be different than that of other intra-abdominal HSA locations. The objectives of this study were to report on the clinical presentation, diagnostic options, and clinical outcomes of dogs with IP HSA. Medical records from two veterinary teaching hospitals between 2000 and 2019 were reviewed for dogs diagnosed with IP HSA. Inclusion criteria consisted of a cytologic or histopathologic diagnosis of HSA from a mass arising from the muscles of the pelvic canal. Exclusion criteria included masses arising from organs within the pelvic canal, including the urethra, prostate, and urinary bladder. Twelve dogs were ultimately included in the study. Clinical presentation of IP HSA was varied, with clinical signs including hindlimb lameness, urethral obstruction, and evidence of hemoperitoneum. The median progression free survival was 92 days (range: 1–1057 days). The overall survival time was 165 days (range: 1–1170 days). IP HSA is an underreported location of canine HSA with similar biologic behavior and outcome compared with visceral HSA. It serves as an important differential in patients presenting with new-onset lameness and urethral obstruction.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis With Use of Expandable Cage or Cement in Single level Thoracic Vertebrectomy in Metastasis

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822097537
Author(s):  
Miki Katzir ◽  
Tarush Rustagi ◽  
Jeffrey Hatef ◽  
Ehud Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Expandable Cage ◽  
Kyphosis Correction ◽  
Survival Differences ◽  
Surgical Cost

Study Design: Retrospective case series. Objective: Patient with metastatic cancer frequently require spinal operations for neural decompression and stabilization, most commonly thoracic vertebrectomy with reconstruction. Objective of the study was to assess economic aspects associated with use of cement versus expandable cage in patients with single level thoracic metastatic disease. We also looked at the differences in the clinical, radiological, complications and survival differences to assess non-inferiority of PMMA over cages. Methods: The electronic medical records of patients undergoing single level thoracic vertebrectomy and reconstruction were reviewed. Two groups were made: PMMA and EC. Totals surgical cost, implant costs was analyzed. We also looked at the clinical/ radiological outcome, complication and survival analysis. Results: 96 patients were identified including 70 one-level resections. For 1-level surgeries, Implant costs for use of cement—$75 compared to $9000 for cages. Overall surgical cost was significantly less for PMMA compared to use of EC. No difference was seen in clinical outcome or complication was seen. We noticed significantly better kyphosis correction in the PMMA group. Conclusions: Polymethylmethacrylate cement offers significant cost advantage for reconstruction after thoracic vertebrectomy. It also allows for better kyphosis correction and comparable clinical outcomes and non-inferior to cages.

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