Bone-Prosthesis Implant Relation in Total Cementless Hip Arthroprosthesis

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. De Santis ◽  
G. Gasparini ◽  
A. Paoli ◽  
S. Cudoni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Surface Work ◽  
Diffuse Atrophy ◽  
Wide Interface ◽  
Prosthetic Implant ◽  
Interface Contact ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Secondary Stability

The best relation between bone and prosthetic implant occurs when an adequate bone surface preparation and a correct implant placing ensure wide interface contact, with homogeneous load distribution (primary stability). This is necessary premise to achieve osteointegration (secondary stability) which is conditioned by factors connected with the implant (materials, surface work, lining) and with the hosting bone (pathological onset, sex, age). The evolution of bone-implant relation leads to the formation of fibrous or osseous interface; the stimulus which act on the interface (in relation with primary stability, distance between surfaces, bony heritage, etc…) infact determine a fibroblastic or osteoblastic evolution of mesenchymal elements colonizing the interface during the initial phases. In successive phases the prevailing apposition (hyperthropy) or resorption (focal or diffuse atrophy) processes is equally conditioned by mechanical factors (the position and dimension of the implant).

scholarly journals Periprosthetic Osteolysis: Mechanisms, Prevention and Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart B. Goodman ◽  
Jiri Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Periprosthetic Osteolysis ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Joint Replacements ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Mechanical Factors

Clinical studies, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that byproducts from joint replacements induce an inflammatory reaction that can result in periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL) and aseptic loosening (AL). Particle-stimulated macrophages and other cells release cytokines, chemokines, and other pro-inflammatory substances that perpetuate chronic inflammation, induce osteoclastic bone resorption and suppress bone formation. Differentiation, maturation, activation, and survival of osteoclasts at the bone–implant interface are under the control of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)-dependent pathways, and the transcription factors like nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). Mechanical factors such as prosthetic micromotion and oscillations in fluid pressures also contribute to PPOL. The treatment for progressive PPOL is only surgical. In order to mitigate ongoing loss of host bone, a number of non-operative approaches have been proposed. However, except for the use of bisphosphonates in selected cases, none are evidence based. To date, the most successful and effective approach to preventing PPOL is usage of wear-resistant bearing couples in combination with advanced implant designs, reducing the load of metallic and polymer particles. These innovations have significantly decreased the revision rate due to AL and PPOL in the last decade.

Developing Stability of Posterior Mandibular Implants Placed With Osteotome Expansion Technique Compared With Conventional Drilling Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ting Lin ◽  
Adrienne Hong ◽  
Ying-Chin Peng ◽  
Hsiang-Hsi Hong
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Expansion Technique ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Conventional Drilling ◽  
Secondary Stability

Clinical decisions regarding the stability and osseointegration of mandibular implants positioned using the bone expansion techniques are conflicting and limited. The objective was to evaluate the stability of implants placed using 2 surgical techniques, selected according to the initial width of the mandibular posterior edentulous ridge, with D3 bone density, during a 12-week period. Fifty-eight implants in 33 patients were evaluated. Thirty-two implants in 24 patients were positioned using the osteotome expansion technique, and 26 fixtures in 17 patients were installed using the conventional drilling technique. The implant stability quotient values were recorded at weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 postsurgery and evaluated using analysis of variance, independent, and paired t tests. Calibrated according to the stability reading of a 3.3-mm diameter implant, the osteotome expansion group was associated with a lower bone density than the conventional group (64.96 ± 6.25 vs 68.98 ± 5.06, P = .011). The osteotome expansion group achieved a comparable primary stability (ISQb-0, P = .124) and greater increases in secondary stability (ISQb-12, P = .07) than did the conventional technique. A D3 quality ridge with mild horizontal deficiency is expandable by using the osteotome expansion technique. Although the 2 groups presented similar implant stability quotient readings during the study period, the osteotome expansion technique showed significant improvement in secondary stability. The healing patterns for these techniques are therefore inconsistent.

COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT IMPLANT SITE PREPARATION TECHNIQUES: PIEZOSURGERY VS STANDARD DRILLING

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Abdulla Varoneckas ◽  
Rokas Poška ◽  
Rokas Gelažius
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Osteotomy Site ◽  
Metabolic Bone Diseases ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Crestal Bone Loss ◽  
Secondary Stability

Relevance of the problem. Over the years, dental implant placement has proven to be a routine and reliable procedure. Osteotomy site preparation has a significant impact on implantation success rate. Surgery using piezosurgery is used as an alternative method for osteotomy. Piezosurgery concept has proven to reduce mechanical and thermal tissue trauma. Aim. Compare clinical differences between piezosurgery (PS) and standard drilling (SD) in dental implantation. Materials and methods: A systematic review was based on the PRISMA guidelines. Search was carried out in electronic databases. Researched studies were observational, published less than 10 years ago, in English. Studies that involved immediate implantation or bone augmentation were excluded, as well as patients with metabolic bone diseases or using bisphosphonate therapy. Results. Regarding crestal bone loss, 3 out of 4 articles stated that there were no statistically significant differences between standard drilling and piezosurgery group. One study, however, disclosed that piezosurgery showed better preservation of crestal bone after 3 years. 5 studies measured primary stability and did not find any significant differences. Secondary stability, however, was significantly higher in the piezosurgery group at 2nd and 3rd months. 5 studies that measured the duration of surgeries reported longer osteotomy time for the piezosurgery group. Pain level on VAS scale, oppositely, was lower in piezosurgery group. Conclusion. In conclusion, piezosurgery can be considered as an alternative to standard drilling. In terms of success rate, crestal bone loss and primary stability, results seem to be very similar in both groups. Piezosurgery, although, seems to be advantageous achieving secondary stability and maintaining lower pain levels during the healing process.

scholarly journals Does the Osseodensification Technique Allow for the use of a Healing Chamber with Primary Stability in Low-Density Bone? An in Vivo Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Coutinho Mello-Machado ◽  
Suelen Cristina Sartoretto ◽  
Jose Mauro Granjeiro ◽  
José Albuquerque Calasans-Maia ◽  
Marcelo Jose Guedes Pinheiro Uzeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Implant Bed

Abstract This study aimed to investigate in vivo the hypothesis that the osseodensification technique, through a wider osteotomy, produce healing chambers at the implant-bone interface with no impact on primary stability osseointegration in low-density bone. Twenty implants (3.5 x 10 mm) presenting nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) surface were inserted in the ilium of ten sheep, after preparation of a 2.7-mm wide implant bed with conventional subtractive drilling (SCD) or a 3.8-mm wide implant bed with an osseodensification bur system (OBS) (n = 5/group/period). The final insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) evaluated the primary implant stability. After 14 and 28 days, the bone samples containing the implants were processed for histological and histomorphometric evaluation of bone implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). No significant differences occurred between the implant bed preparations regarding IT and ISQ (P > 0.05). Histological analysis showed bone remodeling, and bone growth in all samples with no inflammatory infiltrate. BIC values were higher for SCD after 14 and 28 days (p < 0.05), however BAFO values were similar on both groups (p > 0.05). It was possible to conclude that the osseodensification technique allowed a wider implant bed preparation with no prejudice on primary stability and bone remodeling.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Implants with Different Macrostructures in Type I Bone—Pre-Clinical Study in Rabbits

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1521
Author(s):  
Amanda de Carvalho Silva Leocádio ◽  
Matusalém Silva Júnior ◽  
Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Gustavo da Col Santos Pinto ◽  
Rafael Silveira Faeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Tibial Metaphysis ◽  
Bone Implant Contact

The objective of this study was to assess the primary stability and the osseointegration process in implants with different macrostructures (Cylindrical vs. Hybrid Conical) in rabbit tibiae. Twenty-four (24) rabbits were used, divided into 3 experimental periods (2, 4 and 8 weeks) with 8 animals each. Each animal bilaterally received 2 implants from each group in the tibial metaphysis: Cylindrical Implant (CI) and Hybrid Conical Implant (HCI). All implants were assessed for insertion torque. After the experimental periods, one of the implants in each group was submitted to the removal counter-torque test and descriptive histological analysis while the other implant was used for microtomographic and histometric analysis (%Bone-Implant Contact). HCI implants showed higher insertion torque (32.93 ± 10.61 Ncm vs. 27.99 ± 7.80 Ncm) and higher % of bone-implant contact in the 8-week period (79.08 ± 11.31% vs. 59.72 ± 11.29%) than CI implants. However, CI implants showed higher values of removal counter-torque than HCI implants in the 8-week period (91.05 ± 9.32 Ncm vs. 68.62 ± 13.70 Ncm). There were no differences between groups regarding microtomographic data. It can be concluded that HCI implants showed greater insertion torque and bone-implant contact in relation to CI implants in the period of 8 weeks when installed in cortical bone of rabbits.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Effects of Various Bone-Implant Interfaces on the Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrews: A Finite Element Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabing Tan ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Chongshi Yang ◽  
Yuanding Huang ◽  
Yubo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Loss Of Stability ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Prosthetic Implant ◽  
The Stability

Introduction. Osseointegration is required for prosthetic implant, but the various bone-implant interfaces of orthodontic miniscrews would be a great interest for the orthodontist. There is no clear consensus regarding the minimum amount of bone-implant osseointegration required for a stable miniscrew. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different bone-implant interfaces on the miniscrew and its surrounding tissue. Methods. Using finite element analysis, an advanced approach representing the bone-implant interface is adopted herein, and different degrees of bone-implant osseointegration were implemented in the FE models. A total of 26 different FE analyses were performed. The stress/strain patterns were calculated and compared, and the displacement of miniscrews was also evaluated. Results. The stress/strain distributions are changing with the various bone-implant interfaces. In the scenario of 0% osseointegration, a rather homogeneous distribution was predicted. After 15% osseointegration, the stress/strains were gradually concentrated on the cortical bone region. The miniscrew experienced the largest displacement under the no osseointegra condition. The maximum displacement decreases sharply from 0% to 3% and tends to become stable. Conclusion. From a biomechanical perspective, it can be suggested that orthodontic loading could be applied on miniscrews after about 15% osseointegration without any loss of stability.

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