Conceptualising historical privilege: the flip side of historical trauma, a brief examination

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Borell ◽  
Helen Moewaka Barnes ◽  
Tim McCreanor
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Settler Societies

Historical trauma is an important and growing area of research that provides crucial insights into the antecedents of current-day inequities in health and social wellbeing experienced by Indigenous people in colonial settler societies. What is not so readily examined is the flip side of historical trauma experienced by settlers and their descendants, what might be termed “historical privilege”. These historic acts of privilege for settlers, particularly those emigrating from Britain, provide the antecedents for the current-day realities for their descendants and the structural, institutional and interpersonal levels of advantage that are also a key feature of inequities between Indigenous and settler. This article theorises an explicit link between historical trauma and historical privilege and explores how the latter may be examined with particular reference to Aotearoa New Zealand. Three core elements of historical trauma are posited as a useful framework to apply to historical privilege.

Collaboration in research: weaving Kaupapa Māori and computer science

2021 ◽  
pp. 117718012110431
Author(s):  
Anna K Rolleston ◽  
Judy Bowen ◽  
Annika Hinze ◽  
Erina Korohina ◽  
Rangi Matamua
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Treaty Of Waitangi ◽  
Kaupapa Māori

We describe a collaboration between Māori (Indigenous people of Aotearoa/New Zealand) and Tauiwi (non-Māori) researchers on a software engineering project. Te Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi) provides the basis for Māori to lead research that involves Māori as participants or intends to impact Māori outcomes. Through collaboration, an extension of the traditional four-step software design process was created, culminating in a nine-step integrated process that included Kaupapa Māori (Māori ideology) principles. The collaboration experience for both Māori and Tauiwi highlighted areas of misunderstanding within the research context based on differing worldviews and our ability to navigate and work through this. This article provides context, guiding principles, and recommended research processes where Māori and Tauiwi aim to collaborate.

scholarly journals Indigenous People in Aotearoa New Zealand are Overrepresented in Cannabis Convictions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Scarf ◽  
Wetini Atutahi Rapana ◽  
Taylor Winter ◽  
Benjamin Riordan ◽  
Ririwai Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Level Data

Background: Previous work has demonstrated that cannabis laws have had a disproportionate impact on Māori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand. In an attempt to address this bias, the New Zealand Government amended cannabis laws in 2019, providing police with the power to determine whether a health-centred approach would be more beneficial than a conviction. In the current study, we use population level data to assess whether this law change has ameliorated the bias in cannabis convictions for Māori.Methods: Data were drawn from the Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI), a large government database hosted by Aotearoa New Zealand’s national statistics office. After constructing the population in the IDI, and filtering down to those who 1) were between 18 and 65, 2) were Māori or Pākehā and, 3) had any cannabis charges that proceeded to the courts, we had a sample of over 2,000 individuals.Results: Māori ethnicity was a significant predictor of the likelihood of receiving a cannabis conviction for Māori males, with a marginal effect for Māori females. Further, there was no reduction in the number of cannabis charges before vs. after the amendment to cannabis laws.Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that the 2019 amendment has not ameliorated the bias in cannabis convictions for Māori. Given this, the New Zealand Government must follow other countries around the world and move forward on cannabis law reform.

scholarly journals Conclusion: Spiralling Forwards, Backwards, and Together to Decolonise Freshwater

2021 ◽  
pp. 463-482
Author(s):  
Meg Parsons ◽  
Karen Fisher ◽  
Roa Petra Crease
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Tribal Group ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Justice Movements

AbstractIn this concluding chapter, we bring together our earlier analyses of the historical and contemporary waterscapes of the Waipā River (Aotearoa New Zealand) to consider the theory and practice of Indigenous environmental justice. In this chapter, we return to review three key dimensions of environmental justice: distributive, procedural, and recognition. We summarise the efforts of one Māori tribal group (Ngāti Maniapoto) to challenge the knowledge and authority claims of the settler-colonial-state and draw attention to the pluralistic dimensions of Indigenous environmental (in)justice. Furthermore, we highlight that since settler colonialism is not a historic moment but still a ongoing reality for Indigneous peoples living settler societies it is critically important to critically evaluate theorising about and environmental justice movements through a decolonising praxis.

scholarly journals Discussion of Ormond: Who Determines What Story is Told? Silenced Voices and Narratives of Marginalisation

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mere Kēpa
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Active Process ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

AbstractDevelopment or transformation can be understood as an active process. The process has confronted and mobilised Maori people since our ancestors departed Hawai'iki to settle Aotearoa-New Zealand. In coming to understand the land the ancestors called ‘Aotearoa’, we changed. And as we changed, our internal and external symbionts and parasites also changed with us. Maori people have endured disease, climatic change, natural disasters, human made disasters, political disasters, economic disasters, educational disasters, and linguistic disasters for nearly two centuries. And as the indigenous people of Aotearoa we continue to be changed by and to change the prevailing assumptions on development (and sustainability) to become healthier and more imaginative people.

scholarly journals Māori and autism: A scoping review

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110186
Author(s):  
Jessica Tupou ◽  
Sally Curtis ◽  
Dorothy Taare-Smith ◽  
Ali Glasgow ◽  
Hannah Waddington
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Autism Prevalence

Cultural groups may vary considerably in their understandings of autism spectrum disorder and approaches to supporting autistic individuals. However, approaches to researching, identifying and managing autism are largely dominated by Western perspectives. This review provides an overview of the literature related to autism and Māori, the indigenous people of Aotearoa/New Zealand. A search of the peer-reviewed and grey literature identified 273 potentially relevant publications, and 13 of these met inclusion criteria. The included publications addressed questions related to Māori understandings of autism, Māori prevalence rates and diagnostic and support services for Māori. Findings suggest broad differences in Māori and Western understandings of autism and slightly higher autism prevalence rates for Māori than for non-Māori New Zealanders. The need for diagnostic and support services that are both effective and culturally appropriate for Māori was also highlighted. These findings are discussed in relation to implications for future research and the provision of services for autistic Māori. Lay abstract Most current approaches to identifying, researching and managing autism are based on Western views and understandings. However, different cultural groups may understand and approach autism differently. We searched a wide range of websites, academic journals and other sources for published information related to autism and Māori, the indigenous people of Aotearoa/New Zealand. Our search identified 13 publications that addressed questions related to Māori understandings of autism, Māori prevalence rates and diagnostic and support services for Māori. Overall, we found broad differences in Māori and Western understandings of autism and slightly higher autism prevalence rates for Māori than for non-Māori New Zealanders. Findings also highlighted a need for diagnostic and support services that are both effective and culturally appropriate for Māori. We discuss what these findings might mean for future research and the provision of services for Māori with autism.

scholarly journals Legal and Ontological Pluralism: Recognising Rivers as More-Than-Human Entities

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-282
Author(s):  
Meg Parsons ◽  
Karen Fisher ◽  
Roa Petra Crease
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Ontological Pluralism ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge Systems ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractWe explore the ways in which the formal recognition (to some extent) of Indigenous knowledge systems within environmental governance and the role of reconcilition in achieving environmental justice. We examine whether recent agreements between the New Zealand Crown (Crown) and Māori tribal groups (iwi), known as Treaty ‘settlements’, to establish shared co-governance and management over rivers encapsulate and are capable of achieving environmental justice for Māori. We draw on schoalrship on legal and ontological pluralism to consider questions of how to remedy environmental injustice and what reconciliation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples means in settler societies. Rather than seek to provide a singular definition of Indigenous environmental justice (IEJ), we instead examine how Indigenous peoples in Aotearoa New Zealand and other colonial societies are engaged in efforts to negotiate with and challenge the colonial legal orders, develop their laws, policies, and governance frameworks to achieve justice within the freshwater realm.

scholarly journals Therapist and Coloniser

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrick Rigby
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Competency ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Self ◽  
Insight Into

This article discusses issues in treating the historical trauma of Māori, the colonised peoples of Aotearoa New Zealand. The advent of Māori psychotherapy has enabled valuable insight into the needs of such clients, but, even as it helps define a space of safety and nurture for Māori, questions arise about how non-Māori practitioners might treat Māori clients from outside this largely intra-cultural process. The article focuses on the response from New Zealand Pākehā (that is, New Zealanders of European descent), due to the fact that they are in the most primary bicultural relationship with Māori, in which an inherent white privilege and coloniser status complicates the relational process. Finally, the article discusses the difficulties Pākehā experience in bridging intercultural divides around cultural competency, power structures, and the importance of cultural self-awareness, which may also have a wider multicultural relevance to other tauiwi (non-Maori) practitioners. Whakarāpopotonga He matapakinga kaupapa whakatika i te hītori whetuki o te Māori, te tangata pēhitia o Aotearoa. Nō te tīmatanga ake o te whakaora hinengaro Māori te whakamanahanga o ngā mātauranga mārihi ki ngā hiahia ō aua kiritaki, engari, ahakoa e āwhinahia ana te tautuhi ātea haumanu, poipoi mō te Māori, ka ara tonu ake te pātai mō te momo whakaora kiritaki Māori ā ngā kaiwhakaora o iwi kē i waho ake i tēnei hātepe ahurei-takitahi. Ka arotika atu tēnei tuhinga ki te urupare mai ā ngā Pākehā, nā te mea ko rātau te kākano rua mātāmua ki te Māori, e puta ake nei te momo hao ā-mā me te tūranga kaipēhitanga hai whakauaua i te hātepe whakawhanaunga. Hai whakamutunga, ka matapakihia te uauatanga o te wheako Pākehā ki te whakawhiti tautuhi ahurei whakapā ki te toa ahurei, te mana whakatakotoranga, me te tokānuku o te tuakiri ahurei, ā, tērā pea he pānga whānui ake anō ki ngā kaimahi (iwi kē) kākano maha.

scholarly journals Sense of Place and Belonging in Developing Culturally Appropriate Therapeutic Environments: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Marques ◽  
Claire Freeman ◽  
Lynette Carter ◽  
Maibritt Pedersen Zari
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Connections ◽  
Significant Health

The connection the Māori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa-New Zealand, have to the land is threatened by the effects of colonisation, urbanisation and other factors. In particular, many Māori suffer significant health and wellbeing inequalities compared to the non-Māori population. In an effort to reduce such inequalities, there is a growing consciousness of the need to better understand the cultural and place-specific determinants that affect the health and wellbeing of population groups in different environments. This article explores how environmental and cultural connections to land enable the development of place-specific and culturally-driven principles that promote the health and wellbeing of Māori populations. It argues that concepts of place, belonging, landscape and wellbeing play an important role in linking environment and culture as well as in contributing to creating therapeutic spatial environments that promote both human health and ecosystems. A set of principles is developed that allows for the landscape design of such therapeutic environments while accommodating the socio-cultural and environmental values that promote health and wellbeing of both Māori and non-Māori people.

scholarly journals He Tatau Pounamu. Considerations for an early childhood peace curriculum focusing on criticality, indigeneity, and an ethic of care, in Aotearoa New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Ritchie ◽  
C Lockie ◽  
C Rau
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pedagogical Discourses

This article discusses some of the philosophical and pedagogical considerations arising in the development of a peace curriculum appropriate for use in early childhood education centres in Aotearoa New Zealand, with and by educators, parents/families and young children. It outlines contexts for the proposed curriculum, which include the history of colonisation, commitments to honouring the values and epistemologies of Māori, the indigenous people, and juxtaposes the proposed peace programme alongside current early childhood education pedagogical discourses in Aotearoa. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

scholarly journals Increasing Cultural Competence in Support of Indigenous-Led Evaluation: A Necessary Step toward Indigenous-Led Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wehipeihana
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Evaluation Team ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Keynote Paper ◽  
Society Annual ◽  
Community Contexts

This paper builds on a keynote paper presented at the 2018 Canadian Evaluation Society annual conference by Nan Wehipeihana, an Indigenous (Māori) evaluator from Aotearoa New Zealand. Nan defines Indigenous evaluation as evaluation that is led by Indigenous peoples; has clear benefi ts for Indigenous peoples; has Indigenous people comprising most of the evaluation team; is responsive to tribal and community contexts; and is guided and underpinned by Indigenous principles, practices, and knowledge. She argues for Indigenous led as a key criterion for Indigenous evaluation, with no assumed or automatic role for non-Indigenous peoples unless by invitation. She outlines a range of tactics to support the development of Indigenous evaluators and Indigenous evaluation and presents a model for non-Indigenous evaluators to assess their practice and explore how power is shared or not shared in evaluation with Indigenous peoples, as a necessary precursor to increasing control of evaluation by Indigenous peoples.

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