scholarly journals Examining the Attitudes of Non-Psychiatric Practicing Healthcare Workers Towards Patients With Alcohol Problems in General Hospital Setting

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 117822182110657
Author(s):  
Ho Teck Tan ◽  
Yit Shiang Lui ◽  
Lai Huat Peh ◽  
Rasaiah Munidasa Winslow ◽  
Song Guo
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Alcohol Intervention ◽  
Screening And Brief Intervention ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Background and objectives: Problematic alcohol-use affect the physical and mental well-being of hospitalised individuals and may receive screening and brief-intervention during treatment. Non-psychiatric doctors and nurses might respond inadequately due to negative attitudes and beliefs. This study aimed to examine these attitudes of non-psychiatric workers in the medical and surgical wards. Methods: A total of 457 doctors and 1643 nurses were recruited from the medical, surgical and orthopaedic disciplines over a period of 4 months. Three questionnaires were administered: demographics, Alcohol & Alcohol-Problems Perceptions Questionnaire (AAPPQ) and Staff Perception of Alcohol Treatment Resources. Results: About 128 doctors and 785 nurses responded. Around 75.5% doctors and 51.9% nurses endorsed role-legitimacy in the AAPPQ. Both the doctor (86.7%) and nurse (77.6%) groups agreed on the importance to initiate intervention for patients with problematic alcohol-use in daily work. Both groups were sceptical and negative towards these patients endorsing low-level role-adequacy (41.2%), role-support (36.9%), motivation (36.5%), task-specific self-esteem (25.1) as well as work satisfaction (20.5%). Conclusion/discussion: Doctors and nurses demonstrated low levels of therapeutic commitments towards patients with problematic alcohol-use thereby necessitating the introduction of in-house programmes to educate, empower and emphasise the importance of therapeutic contact with patients for alcohol intervention. Scientific significance: The prompt identification and treatment of patients with alcohol problems are contingent on the workers’ attitudes towards them. This study’s results should spark a nation-wide interest to improve the training and recognition of such patients and providing adequate educational resources.

scholarly journals Association of Problematic Alcohol Use and Food Insecurity among Homeless Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine R. Reitzel ◽  
Surya Chinamuthevi ◽  
Sajeevika S. Daundasekara ◽  
Daphne C. Hernandez ◽  
Tzu-An Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Food insecurity results from unreliable access to affordable and nutritious food. Homeless adults are particularly vulnerable to both food insecurity and problematic alcohol use. The current study examined the link between problematic alcohol use and food insecurity among homeless adults. Participants (N = 528; 62.7% men; Mage = 43.6 ± 12.2) were recruited from homeless-serving agencies in Oklahoma City. Problematic alcohol use was measured using the Alcohol Quantity and Frequency Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire. The latter used DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to assess probable alcohol use dependence/abuse. Heavy drinking was considered >7 drinks (women) and >14 drinks (men) per week. Food insecurity was measured with the USDA Food Security Scale-Short Form. The link between alcohol problems and food insecurity was examined with logistic regression analyses controlling for sex, age, education, income, and months homeless. Overall, 28.4% of the sample had probable alcohol dependence, 25% were heavy drinkers, and 78.4% were food insecure. Probable alcohol dependence and heavy drinking were correlated at 0.53 (p < 0.001). Results indicated that heavy drinking (OR = 2.12, CI.95 = 1.21, 3.73) and probable alcohol dependence/abuse (OR = 2.72, CI.95 = 1.55, 4.77) were each associated with increased odds of food insecurity. Food insecurity and problematic alcohol use are major issues among homeless populations; this study suggests they are associated. Future research is needed to shed light on potential causal mechanisms and on whether alcohol may take precedence over eating or food purchases.

scholarly journals Detection of Problematic Substance Use in the Child Welfare System: A Comparison of Self-Report and Caseworker Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen D. Seay
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Drug ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Using a national sample of American families investigated for child maltreatment, this article compares parental self-report on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and Drug Abuse Screening Test measures to caseworker report of problematic alcohol and drug use at investigation. Data in this article are from child welfare caseworkers and a subset of parents surveyed in the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II—primary caregivers (most often the biological mother) whose child remained in the home following investigation ( n = 4,009). Caseworkers identified problematic alcohol use in only 17.7% of the parents who self-reported problematic alcohol use and problematic drug use in 37.6% of the parents who self-reported problematic drug use. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of problematic alcohol use were 21.5% and 94.8%, respectively, and 65.3% and 83.7% for problematic drug use, respectively. After controlling for the other variables in the model, an allegation of substance use reduced the odds of caseworker detection of problematic alcohol use being consistent with parent self-report (odds ratio [ OR] = 0.45, p < .01) and the odds of caseworker detection of problematic drug use being consistent with parent self-report ( OR = 0.13, p < .001).

scholarly journals Differential shared genetic influences on anxiety with problematic alcohol use compared to alcohol consumption.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mary Carlton Colbert ◽  
Scott A Funkhouser ◽  
Emma C Johnson ◽  
Charles A Hoeffer ◽  
Marissa A Ehringer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Genetic Covariance ◽  
Functional Annotations ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders are common psychiatric illnesses. Comorbidity of the two disorders can have a tremendous effect on treatment of one or both disorders, as well as an individual's social, economic, and physical well-being. We estimated genome-wide genetic correlations between anxiety and alcohol use traits using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and found strong and positive correlations of anxiety with problematic alcohol use (PAU), but not with most alcohol consumption (AC) measures. We observed strong, positive between-sex genetic correlations for all traits, but found suggestive evidence that the genetic correlation between alcohol use and anxiety might differ between males and females. Estimates of local genetic covariance demonstrated divergent genetic covariance profiles of PAU and AC with anxiety phenotypes and localized 12 specific genomic regions that likely contribute to both anxiety and alcohol use. Finally, partitioning the genetic covariance among functional annotations also identified the amygdala, caudate basal ganglia and frontal cortex as contributing significantly to positive genetic covariance between anxiety and PAU phenotypes. This study serves as a framework for an approach to be used in future analyses of the genetics of comorbid disorders.

An Examination of Pathways From Childhood Victimization to Violence: The Role of Early Aggression and Problematic Alcohol Use

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Spatz Widom ◽  
Amie M. Schuck ◽  
Helene Raskin White
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood Victimization ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Using prospective data from a cohort design study involving documented cases of child abuse and neglect and a matched control group, we examine two potential pathways between childhood victimization and violent criminal behavior: early aggressive behavior and problematic drinking. Structural equation models, including controls for race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, parental alcoholism, and parental criminality, revealed different pathways for men and women. For men, child maltreatment has direct and indirect (through aggressive behavior and problematic alcohol use) paths to violence. For women, problematic alcohol use mediates the relationship between childhood victimization and violence, and, independent of child maltreatment, early aggression leads to alcohol problems, which lead to violence. Interventions for victims of childhood maltreatment need to recognize the role of early aggressive behavior and alcohol problems as risk factors for subsequent violence.

scholarly journals Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for adolescent alcohol use in Canadian pediatric emergency departments: a national survey of pediatric emergency physicians

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly Jun ◽  
Amy C Plint ◽  
Sarah Curtis ◽  
Amanda S. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

AbstractBackgroundProblematic alcohol use is associated with detrimental cognitive, physiological and social consequences. In the emergency department (ED), Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is the recommended approach to identify and treat adolescent alcohol-related concerns, but is underused by physicians.ObjectiveThis study examined pediatric emergency physicians’ perceptions of adolescent drinking and treatment, and their current self-reported SBIRT practices.MethodPhysicians in the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada database (n=245) received a 35-item questionnaire that was administered through a web-based platform and paper-based mail-outs. Recruitment followed a modified Dillman four-contact approach.ResultsFrom October 2016 to January 2017, 166 pediatric emergency physicians (46.4% males; mean age=43.6 years) completed the questionnaire. The response rate was 67.8%. Physicians recognized the need (65%) and responsibility (86%) to address adolescent alcohol problems. However, confidence in knowledge and abilities for SBIRT execution was low. Twenty-five percent of physicians reported never having practiced all, or part of, SBIRT while 1.3% reported consistent SBIRT delivery for adolescents with alcohol-related visits. More alcohol education and counselling experience was associated with higher SBIRT use; however, physicians generally reported to have received minimal alcohol training. SBIRT practices were also associated with physician perceptions of problematic alcohol use and its treatability.ConclusionsPediatric emergency physicians acknowledge the need to address problematic adolescent alcohol use, but routine SBIRT use is lacking. Strategies to educate physicians about SBIRT and enhance perceived self-competency may improve SBIRT use. Effectiveness trials to establish SBIRT impact on patient outcomes are also needed.

A Developmental Perspective on the Genetic Basis of Alcohol Use Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa M. Trucco ◽  
Gabriel L. Schlomer ◽  
Brian M. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Approximately 48–66% of the variation in alcohol use disorders is heritable. This chapter provides an overview of the genetic influences that contribute to alcohol use disorder within a developmental perspective. Namely, risk for problematic alcohol use is framed as a function of age-related changes in the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors and an end state of developmental processes. This chapter discusses the role of development in the association between genes and the environment on risk for alcohol use disorder. Designs used to identify genetic factors relevant to problematic alcohol use are discussed. Studies examining developmental pathways to alcohol use disorder with a focus on endophenotypes and intermediate phenotypes are reviewed. Finally, areas for further investigation are offered.

Longitudinal predictors of problematic alcohol use in adolescence: A 2-year follow-up study

2021 ◽  
pp. 106952
Author(s):  
Lutz Wartberg ◽  
Gloria Fischer-Waldschmidt ◽  
Levente Kriston ◽  
Christina W. Hoven ◽  
Marco Sarchiapone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use
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