Knowledge, Awareness, and Perception of Community Pharmacists to Zika Virus Infection in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Background: Zika fever is a mosquito-borne disease with global health concern. It has been underreported or misdiagnosed due to its unspecific clinical manifestations, including mild-influenza like and subclinical symptoms. However, its associated serious complications which include fetal microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome remained a challenge to the public health sectors. This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and perception toward Zika virus infection among community pharmacists in the Klang Valley of Malaysia and to determine the association between the knowledge of Zika virus infectious disease and years of community practice experience among community pharmacists in this region. Methods: This survey research was conducted from August to December 2018 through a pre-tested, self-administration, and cross-sectional random convenient sampling at various districts in the Klang Valley. A total of 275 registered community pharmacists were involved in this study by completing a pilot-tested questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze the data. Results: The knowledge toward Zika virus infection of respondents was classified into “poor” (5.1%), “basic” (70.9%), and “broad” (24.0%). Most of the participants (n = 195, 70.9%) presented with basic knowledge toward Zika virus infection. A total of 268 (97.5%) participants presented with high awareness toward Zika virus infection. The mean score of respondents’ knowledge and awareness was 15.88 ± 3.61 (maximum score = 28) and 13.96 ± 1.60 (maximum score = 16), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the years of practice of community pharmacists and the level of knowledge toward Zika virus infection. Conclusions: In conclusion, our respondents demonstrated a basic level of knowledge and high awareness toward Zika virus infection. Also, we highlighted some possible pitfalls in the knowledge of Zika virus infection, including the virus transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and complications of the disease.

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COMPLICACIONES EN NEONATOS DE MADRES DIAGNOSTICADAS DE ZIKA EN EL DISTRITO 09D01 ZONAL 8 DE SALUD DE LA CIUDAD DE GUAYAQUIL

Enfermería Investiga Investigación Vinculación Docencia y Gestión ◽

10.31243/ei.uta.v5i4.974.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Marianita Grisela Méndez Caicedo ◽

Wladimir Alexander Hinojosa Méndez ◽

Pedro José Dávila Tapia

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

The Other ◽

Equal Proportion ◽

Zika Virus Infection ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Virus Zika

Introducción: la infección por el virus del Zika es un problema de salud pública por las complicaciones neonatales de moderada y grave severidad. Objetivo: establecer las complicaciones en los neonatos de madres diagnosticadas con Zika. Metodología: investigación cuantitativa, no experimental, descriptiva, con una muestra de 82 neonatos de madres con infección de virus del Zika, datos obtenidos del departamento de estadísticas del Distrito 09D01, durante el periodo enero 2017 a enero 2018, procesados por el software SPSS Estatistics 24.0 para windows, con una distribución numérica y porcentual, con la prueba de T de Student se estableció la significancia estadística (p<0.05). Resultados: En los 82 neonatos de madres infectadas con el virus Zika 52 casos (63,4 %) nacieron por cesárea y 30 casos (36,59 %) por parto vaginal, 76 casos (92,68%) nacieron vivos y 6 casos (7,3%) mortinatos, con igual proporción de neonatos pre-términos y a términos, microcefalia en 13 casos (15,88%), seguido de hiperbilirrubinemia en 5 casos (6,10%) e hipotiroidismo en 3 casos (3,66%), con una diferencia significativa (p<0,05) en la microcefalia en relación a las otras complicaciones. Conclusiones: Se evidenció un predominio en el tipo de parto por cesáreas, aunque diversos consensos internacionales establecen que la infección por el virus Zika o la microcefalia no son indicaciones, por lo que la cesárea se realizará solo por motivos obstétricos exclusivamente. En los neonatos existió igual proporción en la edad gestacional y se evidenciaron complicaciones como microcefalia, hiperbilirrubinemia e hipotiroidismo predominando la microcefalia en relación a las otras complicaciones. Palabras Clave: Zika; neonatos; gestantes, malformaciones, microcefalia, mortalidad. ABSTRACT Introduction: Zika virus infection is a public health problem due to moderate and severe neonatal complications. Objective: to establish the complications in the neonates of mothers diagnosed with Zika. Methodology: quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive research, with a sample of 82 neonates of mothers with Zika virus infection, data obtained from the statistics department of District 09D01, during the period January 2017 to January 2018, processed by the software SPSS Statistics 24.0 for windows, with a numerical and percentage distribution, with the Student's t test statistical significance was established (p<0.05). Results: In the 82 neonates of mothers infected with the Zika virus, 52 cases (63.4 %) were born by cesarean section and 30 cases (36.59%) by vaginal delivery, 76 cases (92.68%) were born alive and 6 cases (7.3%) were stillborn, with the same proportion of preterm and full term neonates, microcephaly in 13 cases (15.88%), followed by hyperbilirubinemia in 5 cases (6.10%) and hypothyroidism in 3 cases (3.66%), with a significant difference (p<0.05) in microcephaly in relation to the other complications. Conclusions: There was evidence of a predominance in the type of cesarean delivery, although various international consensuses made that infection by the Zika virus or microcephaly are not indications, so that cesarean section is performed only for obstetric reasons exclusively. In neonates there was an equal proportion in gestational age and complications such as microcephaly, hyperbilirubinemia and hypothyroidism were evidenced, with microcephaly predominating in relation to the other complications Keywords: Zika; neonates; pregnant; malformations; microcephaly; the mortality.

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Awareness regarding Zika Virus Disease among Resident Doctors of a Tertiary Hospital in Goa

International Journal of Preventive Curative & Community Medicine ◽

10.24321/2454.325x.202003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 06 (01) ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

Abhishek U Bicholkar ◽

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Emerging Diseases ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Mosquito Vector ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Zika Virus Infection

Background:Among the emerging diseases, Zika virus (ZIKV) disease, a vector-borne health problem, has recently become a major VBD of international concern in low and middle income countries. In India, the first four proven cases of ZIKV were reported in 2017 followed by major outbreaks in the States of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness of Resident doctors in Goa towards managing ZVD in a tertiary care hospital in Goa. Methods:The present hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Resident doctors of Goa Medical College and Hospital. A total of 188 Resident doctors from various Departments were interviewed to obtain details regarding personal characteristics and their knowledge regarding the Zika virus disease. Result:A high number i.e. 139 (73.9%) of the Resident doctors were aware of the mosquito vector that transmits Zika disease.Only 23 (12.4%) of theResident doctors were aware of the common symptoms and signs seen in cases of Zika virus disease. A majority of the Resident doctors i.e. 154 (81.9%) were aware of the most common adverse outcome of maternal Zika virus infection. A high number i.e. 183 (97.3%) Resident doctors correctly said that Zika virus disease can be prevented and 180 (95.7%) of the Resident doctors were aware of the preventive measures for Zika virus infection. Conclusion:The knowledge of Resident doctors in Goa regarding the Zika virus disease is low especially regarding the modes of transmission, signs and symptoms and diagnosis of the Zika infection. It is necessary that basic knowledge and training regarding the Zika virus disease should be included in the current medical curriculum. Regular CME programs on ZVD for the training of the Resident doctors and trainee medical doctors must be conducted.

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Level of Knowledge Regarding Dengue Fever and Zika Virus Infection Among the Japanese Travellers

Kansenshogaku zasshi ◽

10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.92.863 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 863-868

Author(s):

Nao KURITA ◽

Yuki TADA ◽

Shinji FUKUSHIMA ◽

Minako YOSHIKAWA ◽

Atsuo HAMADA

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Zika Virus Infection ◽

Level Of Knowledge

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Why Zika virus infection has become a public health concern?

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association ◽

10.1016/j.jcma.2016.03.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 174-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Hui-Lan Chen ◽

Ren-Bin Tang

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Health Concern ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Zika Virus Infection

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Educational Programme for Pregnant Women About Zika Virus Infection in Benha City

International Journal of Studies in Nursing ◽

10.20849/ijsn.v3i2.388 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Nehad Ahmed Ibrahim Zahra

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Education ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Health Concern ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Zika Virus Infection ◽

Before And After ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Zika virus has potential to cause a pandemic so it becomes a major public health concern worldwide. Even if its effect on adults is commonly mild, Zika creates expressive risks for developing fetuses of infected women during pregnancy. The present study is quasi-experimental study aiming to examine the impact of Zika Virus Infection educational program for pregnant women on their knowledge, attitude and practice before and after applying for the program.Setting: The study was performed at antenatal clinics in maternal and child health care center at Benha city from the beginning of August 2015 until October2015. The study sample consisted of105 pregnant women simple randomly included in the study. The data was collected through a structured Interviewing questionnaire for the mother to assess the level of women's knowledge attitude and reported practice related to ZIK virus were assessed before and after the program. The results revealed that there was a significant improvement in the nurses' knowledge score about Meaning, causative agent, Vaccine, symptoms, complications, investigations, and management of Zika virus; moreover, there was an improvement in total reported practices about Zika tends to rise.Conclusion: There was an improvement in knowledge, attitude, and practice of the participant's post-program. Based on the results of the study recommended that: Health education to pregnant women about the Zika virus should be included in the antenatal health education program as well as the need for additional public health messaging to avoid it.

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Congenital Zika Virus Infection Paradigm: What is in the Wardrobe? A Narrative Review

East Africa Science ◽

10.24248/easci.v1i1.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56

Author(s):

Mariam M. Mirambo ◽

Lucas Matemba ◽

Mtebe Majigo ◽

Stephen E. Mshana

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Neural Tube ◽

Zika Virus ◽

English Language ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Ocular Manifestations ◽

Zika Virus Infection ◽

N 93

Background: Zika virus infection during pregnancy has been recently associated with congenital microcephaly and other severe neural tube defects. However, the magnitude of confirmed cases and the scope of these anomalies have not been extensively documented. This review focuses on the magnitude of laboratory-confirmed congenital Zika virus cases among probable cases and describing the patterns of congenital anomalies allegedly caused by the Zika virus, information which will inform further research in this area. Methods: We conducted a literature search for English-language articles about congenital Zika virus infection using online electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, POPLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and Web of Knowledge). The search terms used were, “zika”, “pregnancy”, [year], “microcephaly”, “infants”, “children”, “neonates”, “foetuses”, “neural tube defect”, and “CNS manifestations” in different combinations. All articles reporting cases or case series between January 2015 and December 2016 were included. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel database and analysed to obtain proportions of the confirmed cases and patterns of anomalies. Results: A total of 24 articles (11 case series, 9 case reports, and 4 others) were found to be eligible and included in this review. These articles reported 919 cases, with or without microcephaly, presumed to have congenital Zika virus infection. Of these cases, 884 (96.2%) had microcephaly. Of the 884 cases of microcephaly, 783 (88.6%) were tested for Zika virus infection, and 216 (27.6%; 95% confidence interval, 24.5% to 30.8%) were confirmed to be Zika virus-positive. In addition to microcephaly, other common abnormalities reported – out of 442 cases investigated – were calcifications of brain tissue (n=240, 54.3%), ventriculomegaly (n=93, 20.8%), cerebellar hypoplasia (n=52, 11.7%), and ocular manifestations (n=46, 10.4%). Conclusion: Based on the available literature, Zika virus infection during pregnancy might lead to a wide array of outcomes other than microcephaly. There is a need for more epidemiological studies in Zika-endemic areas, particularly in Africa, to ascertain the role of Zika virus in causing congenital neurological defects.

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