Research Progress of Nursing Care for Elderly Patients With Complicating Postoperative Hip Fracture Deep Vein Thrombosis in China

Introduction: The aging of China's population has further deepened, and according to the results of the seventh national census, the population aged 60 years and above in China was 264.02 million, accounting for 18.70% (China.2021).The rapid growth of the elderly population has led to an increase a geriatric orthopedic morbidity. The hip fracture is one of the common orthopedic diseases, which has posed a severe threat to the elderly's life and health (Yu, 2019).Purpose: In this study, we investigated the domestic and international literature, focusing on the analysis of DVT nursing prevention programs for elderly patients after hip arthroplasty, and proposed the current nursing research progress in preventing DVT to help elderly patients actively cope with DVT, improve the quality of life in later life, and make DVT a truly preventable disease.Method: Electronic searches using scholarly databases were employed and only significant articles that met the review objective were utilized.Findings: Currently, the main treatment option for hip fracture patients in clinical practice is surgery, and how to prevent Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is an important task in the postoperative care of elderly orthopedic patients (Li, 2016). Research studies have shown that all elderly patients are at a very high risk of DVT during hospitalization, but the current trend is that 50% of patients at high risk of thrombosis are still not actively and effectively prevented from developing thrombosis for various reasons.Conclusion: This disease, which has a high incidence, a high mortality rate, and is difficult to prevent, requires increased attention and necessitates exploration to derive effective nursing intervention programs and related nursing measures to prevent reduce the formation of DVT and alleviate suffering for patient (Xu, 2016).In this review, we summarized the main nursing methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities after hip fracture surgery in the elderly. Elderly patients are a special group of people, both physically and psychologically in a relatively fragile state, especially after the operation, so they need to be more careful in nursing work. In addition to general physical care, the care of their psychological state is also extremely important. This article describes in detail the physiological and psychological nursing interventions for patients, which can effectively guide and help medical staff to cope with the clinical care of such patients, and enable patients to better recover from surgery and trauma, and obtain a good prognosis.

Perceived Needs and Barriers to Accessing Sexual Reproductive Health (SRH) Services Among the Ik Community, Kaabong District, Uganda

Background: The Ik are minority group of people in Kaabong district, Uganda. They are the most marginalized. In addition, little is known about their perceived SRH needs and barriers to accessing SRH services.Objective: To determine perceived needs and barriers to accessing SRH services by the Ik community.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical design with analytical was used, both quantitative and qualitative (mixed methods). Data was collected using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and semi-structured questionnaires. Sample of 345 participants selected randomly and purposively. Qualitative analysis was thematic whereas Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) was for quantitative analysis.Results: Perceived SRH needs of the Ik were; limited access to SRH information, lack of protection from gender-based violence and lack of access to comprehensive safe motherhood programs. Access to SRH services was limited mainly by poverty, limited range of available RH services, long distances to health facilities, poor attitudes of health workers, culture, poor road networks and language barriers. Individual factors; period in marriage (p=0.047), number of sex partners (p=0.041), type of house structure one lived in (p=0.039), economic activity (p=0.009) were significantly associated with access of SRH services.Conclusion: SRH needs of the Ik community is still wanting

Nursing Students’ Experiences in Providing Patient Education in the Clinical Setting

Background: Patient education is associated with reduced hospital readmission rates, lower patient anxiety, and improvement in quality of life. Although nursing students report feeling ill-prepared and less confident in educating their patients in clinical settings, few studies have assessed their perspectives on this topic.Method: This study explores the perceived challenges, obstacles, self-efficacy, and preparedness of undergraduate nursing students in providing patient education by collecting qualitative data through focus group discussions (FGDs).Results: Five major themes emerged from the FGDs: significance of patient education, nursing process in providing patient education, evolving sense of preparation, evolving sense of confidence, challenges/barriers to providing patient education. While all interviewed nursing students felt that patient education was a vital nursing responsibility, advanced students had more confidence and knowledge regarding this responsibility.Conclusion: Understanding the nursing student experience in patient education preparedness may aid nursing instructors in better tailoring nursing curricula and support to meet their students' needs.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Toward Traditional and Complementary Medicine Among Nurses and Midwives in North-Western Uganda

Background: Traditional and complementary medicine is globally accepted and steadily gaining popularity among populations. The practices of conventional health care workers toward it vary from one country or setting to another. Limited literature exists on practices of health workers towards this form of medicine in low income settings especially in Africa where it is widely used with limited collaboration, integration and regulation.Purpose: To determine the prevalence and determinants of traditional and complementary medicine practices as well as health problems and reasons for its use among nurses and midwives in North Western Uganda.Materials & Methods: We used a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional design. Data was collected using self-administered structured questionnaires that were distributed to a sample of 300 nurses and midwives drawn from 6 hospitals. Descriptive statistics, chi squared and multiple binary logistic regression analysis were used for analysis.Results: Of all the respondents, 147 (54.9%) had personally ever used traditional and complementary medicine, 69 (25.7%) had personally used it in the past 12 months, 84 (31.3%) had ever recommended use of TCM. The most commonly used therapies were: herbalism (78.2%), traditional birth attendance (67.3%), nutritional supplements (67.3%), body massage (53.1%), spiritualism (24.5%), traditional dentistry (21.1%) and traditional bone setting (14.3%). Traditional and complementary medicine was mainly used for pain management (53.1%) followed by acute diseases (49.6%). The commonest reasons given for use were the fact that it is readily available, accessible and cheap. Chi square analysis showed statistically significant associations between TCM practices (personal use and recommendation to others) and respondents religion (p=0.046), location of hospital (p=0.002), presence of a family member who is a TCM provider (p=0.001), attendance of training on TCM in the years of work (p=0.001), provision of TCM as a business and duration of years served as a health professional (p=0.029).Conclusions: There is need to improve traditional and complementary medicine practices amongst nurses, midwives and other health care professionals. This will avert the negative/undesired effects in the community.

A Review of Issues Concerning the Support for Fathers During Pregnancy: Research Trends in Japan

Objective: To identify future issues in the development and implementation of support programs for fathers with the aim of preventing child abuse, we reviewed the domestic literature to determine the characteristics of support for fathers during pregnancy and identify research trends.Methods: The domestic literature was searched on January 31, 2021, using the Central Journal of Medicine ver. 5.0. The search yielded 110 original articles and nursing literature using the keywords “pregnancy & father” and “pregnancy & husband,” wherein 100 articles with abstracts were found, excluding conference proceedings. The abstracts were then checked, and finally, 27 were included in this analysis.Results: In the articles collected, the following themes were extracted: “satisfaction from the experience of child-rearing skills from pregnancy,” “relationship between marital intimacy and relationship to mother and child from pregnancy,” “role adjustment between work and home from pregnancy,” and “vague imagination and anxiety from pregnancy.”Conclusion: During pregnancy, the deepening of the relationship between the mother and father, who is still adjusting to become a father, can affect the quality of the relationship between the mother and the child. Thus, the challenge is to develop support programs that will further strengthen the relationship between the husband and wife.

Exploring the Use of Student-Developed Outreach Videos to Provide Mental Health Wellness Education-A Pilot Project

BACKGROUND: Mental health and wellness outreach has been an area of concern at colleges and universities in the United States and a variety of electronic methods have been used to successfully promote health and wellness. This pilot project was in response to a previous descriptive study examining mental health issues on campus. AIMS: The primary aim of this project was to determine if implementing a peer-led outreach program in the form of bi-weekly, short-form educational videos would increase knowledge of mental health and wellness in students developing the videos. The secondary aim was to provide students an alternate clinical assignment that improved presentation development and group dynamics. METHODS: Nursing students enrolled in a psychiatric nursing course collaborated in small groups to create bi-weekly videos on topics related to mental health and wellness. RESULTS: The peer-led outreach intervention demonstrated positive outcomes, such as increased understanding of the common mental health issues facing college students and awareness of campus, as well as outside resources to assist with mental health and wellness. CONCLUSION: This project may increase the body of knowledge related to the importance of campus outreach, peer support, and general awareness of mental wellness and resources during pandemic restraints. Utilizing condensed, peer-led educational outreach via video format has the potential to aid in the educational development of psychiatric nursing students.

The Relationship between Healthcare Organizational Culture and Nurses' Empowerment

Background: Nowadays, healthcare organizations are affected by changes and reforms, thus new challenges arise for nurses. Nurses need to have the power to achieve their personal and organizational goals. Furthermore, healthcare organizational culture shapes the organization and provides a complex understanding of crucial organizational factors that affect nurses' empowerment.Aim: Identify the relationship between healthcare organizational culture and nurses' empowerment at hospital setting.Methods: Descriptive correlational research design was used. A convenient sample of 225 nurses was recruited from University Hospital in the Delta of Egypt. Denison Organizational Culture Survey (DOCS), the Condition of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire (CWEQ-II), the Psychological Empowerment Instrument were used to collect data for the current study. Results: There were a strong healthcare organizational culture among study sample, moderate level of structure empowerment, and moderate level of psychological empowerment. Conclusion: There were positive correlations between healthcare organizational culture, structural, and psychological empowerment. There was a positive correlation between structure and psychological empowerment. Only gender that did not vary with psychological empowerment. Sustaining a strong healthcare organizational culture enhances structure and psychological empowerment among nurses.

Current Status and Challenge for Implementation in Clinical Application of Augmented Reality in Orthopedics Department at a Medical Center

With technical development, artificial intelligence (AI) has been actively involving in the healthcare industry. Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience with the combination of virtual objects and a real-world environment, and the objects reside in the environment of the real world through computer-generated images for the purpose to enhance perceptual effects, which can be applied in the fields of medical education and clinical practice. Researchers have found that learning motives and interests may be raised by AR. At a medical center, the inter-specialty team from the Teaching Department and Rehabilitation Department jointly developed an AR Medical Education App, which involves 44 muscle strength and walking exercises, including 6 upper limb movements, 28 lower limb exercises, and 10 cardiorespiratory exercises. Various exercise packages can be designed by health caregivers based on patient’s needs in exercise. The Orthopedics Ward applied it in the respiration training for patients who underwent spinal surgery, preventing respiratory comorbidities. The improved postoperative pulmonary function has been found when compared with that before surgery, with statistical significance. Respiration, upper and lower limbs exercises were persistently performed in patients who underwent spinal surgery, which also has been incorporated in routine nursing care to add diverse options of patient education materials for nursing personnel. In the future, aspects that required further efforts include: expanded software equipment, simplified operation mode, increased user-friendly features for equipment, and expended plentifulness of contents.

Development and Validation of the Indonesian Version of Quality Nursing Work Environment (QNWE-I) Instrument

Background: Nursing shortages are a significant problem experienced by medical institutions worldwide as well as Indonesia. Understanding nurses’ work environment is a proper strategy for enhancing the retention and overcoming shortages of nurses. The Quality Nursing Work Environment (QNWE) is a well-known tool that has been commonly used to evaluate the working atmosphere of nurses. However, the availability and validated version of the instrument for hospital nurses in Indonesia is not confirmed.Purpose: This study aims to confirm the psychometric evaluation of the Indonesian version of QNWE instruments in hospital settings.Methods: A cross-sectional study design and psychometric analyses were administered. The 65-item, eight-domain questionnaire was translated, adapted, and face-validated using content validity index (CVI) analysis. The construct validity and internal consistency of the translated version were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Cronbach's Alpha to 334 hospital nurses. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was employed to determine test-retest and interrater reliability analysis to 33 nurses and 10 ratters in the pilot testing.Results: The CVI of the QNWE-I scale ranged from 0.86 to 1.00. The CFA determined an adequate model fit of the instrument. As to overall reliability, test-retest reliability of 0.90, ICC analysis of 0.82, and Cronbach's alpha of 0.96; was confirmed.Conclusions: The psychometric evaluation of the QNWE-I showed excellent acceptability, validity, and reliability. Therefore, the QNWE-I can serve as a comprehensive instrument for assessing the quality of nurses' work environments in Indonesia.

Eliminating Mother to Child Transmission of HIV in Arua District Through Mother–Baby–Pair Points

Introduction: Mother-to-child transmission is the leading cause of HIV infection in children. Without treatment, half of these HIV infected children die before their second birthday.Purpose: To establish the contribution of mother-baby-pair points approach to eMTCT outcomes in Arua District Uganda.Material and Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross sectional study design which employed mixed methods approach was used. 196 HIV positive breast feeding mothers from three government hospitals (Arua Regional Referral Hospital, Adumi Health Center IV and Oli Health Center IV) were interviewed. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and interviews guides.Results: Majority 168 (85.7%) of the respondents and their babies were enrolled to eMTCT care immediately after delivery and up to 17(8.7%) were enrolled beyond two weeks after delivery. Reasons for enrolment into care included; counseling before, during and after pregnancy on the importance of adherence to ART, early enrolment into care and delivery in a health facility. Most of the babies enrolled in mother-baby-points were HIV sero-negative (75.5%) with only 6.6% of them being sero-positive, thus signifying the contribution of mother-baby-points towards eliminating mother-child-transmission of HIV. Age of mothers was associated with retention on eMTCT care (χ2(5) =11.19, p=0.048). Again, having had any form of education on eMTCT was associated with retention on eMTCT care (p=0.001).Conclusion: The degree of enrollment in to eMTCT care was high but some mothers who still enrolled late. This affects early infant diagnosis, uptake of eMTCT services and retention of mothers and their infants.