Salvaging adulthood at youth work: Dignity, social disrespect, and the micro-politics of recognition in a polarized world

Organization ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 135050842097333
Author(s):  
Jina Mao ◽  
Y. Alex Xue
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Politics Of Recognition ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
Struggle For Recognition

Grounded in an ethnographic study of a US fast food chain, this paper explores how the rising employment polarization under neoliberalism may pose a threat to dignity via the predicament of adults doing youth work. We draw on Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition to develop a tripartite framework of the micro-politics of recognition, aimed as a middle-range construct for guiding empirical studies of work through the lens of dignity. We argue that a study of dignity at work, with the everyday human struggle for recognition as the focal point, may help to illuminate the realities of contemporary work and enable a humanistic critique of contemporary capitalism. We also highlight adulthood as the underarticulated yet morally laden identity signifier in organizational inquiry, which may gain added importance as more adults enter occupations where few institutional supports of adulthood exist.

scholarly journals How does career guidance at schools encounter migrant young people? Interactional practices that hinder socially just guidance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Vehviläinen ◽  
Anne-Mari Souto
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
School Career ◽  
Interaction Research

AbstractThe aim of this article is to show how interaction research can contribute to the understanding and praxis of socially just guidance. The article is theoretical, but it makes use of our previous empirical studies. We combine the ethnographic study of school and racism, and interactional research on guidance. We define guidance for social justice, explaining how this translates to the level of interactional practices. We show two empirical examples of interactional phenomena hindering socially just praxis. We lastly discuss our practical conclusions on how to help school career counsellors change their interactional practices.

scholarly journals Effects of Alternative Assessment in EFL Classroom: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Wali Khan Monib ◽  
Abdul Qudos Karimi ◽  
Nazifullah Nijat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Efl Context

Alternative assessment has been the focus of many educational researches in EFL classroom. This study was carried out to highlight the definition, characteristics and effects of alternative assessment in EFL context by reviewing current research on assessment. The research consisted of a systematic review of the empirical studies on alternative assessment in EFL classroom. Focusing solely on online search, many studies were found but only (n=24) met the inclusion criteria involving a total of (n=1588) participants. Also, it aimed to scrutinize the methods, participants and findings of the selected studies as well as the locations where they were conducted. The findings indicated that most of the studies (18 out of 24) reported positive effects of employing alternative assessment on language learning skills in EFL classroom. The results also show that the dominant method employed in the articles was quantitative where students were the main focal point involved in the research as their participants. The study is further concluded with a discussion on definition, characteristics and effects of alternative assessment in EFL context.

scholarly journals Visualizing Knowledge Evolution Trends and Research Hotspots of Personal Health Data Research: Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxia Gong ◽  
Vikrant Sihag ◽  
Qingxia Kong ◽  
Lindu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Knowledge Evolution ◽  
Research Hotspots

BACKGROUND The recent surge in clinical and nonclinical health-related data has been accompanied by a concomitant increase in personal health data (PHD) research across multiple disciplines such as medicine, computer science, and management. There is now a need to synthesize the dynamic knowledge of PHD in various disciplines to spot potential research hotspots. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to reveal the knowledge evolutionary trends in PHD and detect potential research hotspots using bibliometric analysis. METHODS We collected 8281 articles published between 2009 and 2018 from the Web of Science database. The knowledge evolution analysis (KEA) framework was used to analyze the evolution of PHD research. The KEA framework is a bibliometric approach that is based on 3 knowledge networks: reference co-citation, keyword co-occurrence, and discipline co-occurrence. RESULTS The findings show that the focus of PHD research has evolved from medicine centric to technology centric to human centric since 2009. The most active PHD knowledge cluster is developing knowledge resources and allocating scarce resources. The field of computer science, especially the topic of artificial intelligence (AI), has been the focal point of recent empirical studies on PHD. Topics related to psychology and human factors (eg, attitude, satisfaction, education) are also receiving more attention. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis shows that PHD research has the potential to provide value-based health care in the future. All stakeholders should be educated about AI technology to promote value generation through PHD. Moreover, technology developers and health care institutions should consider human factors to facilitate the effective adoption of PHD-related technology. These findings indicate opportunities for interdisciplinary cooperation in several PHD research areas: (1) AI applications for PHD; (2) regulatory issues and governance of PHD; (3) education of all stakeholders about AI technology; and (4) value-based health care including “allocative value,” “technology value,” and “personalized value.”

scholarly journals Introduction to special issue: an exploration of child and youth care pedagogy and curriculum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanne Jean-Pierre ◽  
Sandrina de Finney ◽  
Natasha Blanchet-Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Situated Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Youth Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Preservice Education ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Child And Youth Care

This special issue aims to explore Canadian pedagogical and curricular practices in child and youth care and youth work preservice education with an emphasis on empirical and applied studies that centre students’ perspectives of learning. The issue includes a theoretical reflection and empirical studies with students, educators, and practitioners from a range of postsecondary programs in Quebec, Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia. The empirical articles use various methodologies to explore pedagogical and curricular approaches, including Indigenous land- and water-based pedagogies, ethical settler frontline and teaching practices, the pedagogy of the lightning talk, novel-based pedagogy, situated learning, suicide prevention education, and simulation-based teaching. These advance our understanding of accountability and commitment to Indigenous, decolonial, critical, experiential, and participatory praxis in child and youth care postsecondary education. In expanding the state of knowledge about teaching and learning in child and youth care, we also aspire to validate interdisciplinary ways of learning and knowing, and to spark interest in future research that recognizes the need for education to be ethical, critically engaged, creatively experiential, and deeply culturally and environmentally relevant. Keywords: child and youth care (CYC), youth work, human/social services, pedagogy, curriculum, higher education, praxis, preservice education

scholarly journals More than a Game: Racecraft and the Adaptation of “Race” in Live Action Role Play

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Samantha Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Role Play ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Role Players ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Live Action

Live action role players make the imaginative worlds of tabletop games manifest through collaborative storytelling and embodied play. Escaping the everyday, these communities could radically reimagine culture and challenge oppressive ideologies. Instead, they are deeply invested in essentializing “race”. I conducted a three-year ethnographic study alongside 20 semi-structured interviews to explore racecraft in live action role play. Supporting the groundbreaking work of Karen and Barbara Fields, I find that racecraft is a social process—continually negotiated and maintained through intimate interactions and community exchanges. Through this process, the definition of “race” is continually adapted while belief in this category remains entrenched. When participants confront racist stereotypes, practitioners coerce marginalized members into a false exchange. These members are encouraged to share experiences detailing the damage of problematic representations. Practitioners then reduce these experiences to monolithic understandings of “race”. In this insidious manner, anti-racist confrontations become fodder for racecraft. Complicating this further, patterned racism is characterized as an inborn quality of whiteness, minimizing practitioners’ accountability. Responsibility is then shifted onto marginalized participants and their willingness to engage in “racial” education. This trap is ingrained in the double standard of racism, adapting “race” such that whiteness is unrestricted by the monolithic definitions applied to those outside this category.

Understanding control in communities of practice: Constructive disobedience in a high-tech firm

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Rennstam ◽  
Dan Kärreman
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Situated Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Use ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

Communities of practice (CoPs) represent a broad range of work situations characterized by shared knowledge and situated knowledge use. Although CoPs have been studied rather extensively, discussions of control in CoPs are rarer. This is peculiar because CoPs are characterized by a common tension in contemporary work: on the one hand, CoPs are expected to autonomously “think together,” but on the other they are expected to be responsive to various managerial control attempts. We interrogate this tension in an ethnographic study of engineering work, where we found that in response to management control the engineering communities engaged in constructive disobedience – that is, subversion and displacement of rules and orders to construct a dynamic of control where work can be executed autonomously. By associating constructive disobedience with control in CoPs, our study contributes with insight into and theorization of how management control is dealt with and how control operates in work characterized by CoPs. The study also provides deepened insight into the limits of management control and how professionalism may be maintained despite increased management. These insights may support development of a more knowledgeable and nuanced approach to attempts at managing communities of practice.

Mobilizing National Identity and Othering Practices as Means of Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1220-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avital Baikovich ◽  
Varda Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Organizational Identity ◽  
Multinational Corporation ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Ritual Practices

This paper explores the everyday practices, forms, and means by which employees mobilize national identity as a tool of resistance in opposing managerial demands of their dual, global/Western and local/Japanese, organizational identity. Drawing on an ethnographic study of a Japanese subsidiary of a multinational corporation, we show how employees use national identity to invoke three forms of othering in constructing various resistant identities: individual employees’ resistant identities through verbal othering, expressed in employees’ talk; departmental resistant identities through spatial othering, referring to employees’ use of space; and subsidiary resistant identity through ritual othering, illustrating employees’ collective use of ritual practices and symbolic artifacts. Our study makes three significant theoretical contributions: First, by illustrating the ways and means by which employees take on different national identities to construct diverse and often contradictory resistant identities to their expected dual organizational identity, we highlight the changeable nature of national identity. Second, this study contributes to our understanding of contextual constituents that shape individuals’ identity-related resistance. By unraveling employees’ various resistance forms, we show how resistance dynamically takes on assorted manifestations according to the organizational level in which it occurs and the managerial demands being resisted. Third, we illustrate the constitutive resources of resistance by highlighting the diverse means used by employees to construct their resistant identities.

‘… sometimes you’ve just got to get away’: On trekking holidays and their therapeutic effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnthora Olafsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Affective Process

A traditional Romantic fix for the stress and strain of the everyday has been the idea of ‘getting back to nature’, exploring places of natural grandeur and beauty based on the belief in nature’s therapeutic agency on the traveller. This article introduces a theoretical framework that offers a way to explore how touristic spaces are lived within a human–non-human co-constituted affective process. It then engages with the spaces of nature-based tourism and reports findings from an ethnographic study on British-based trekking holiday to Iceland. These findings suggest that the emotions and therapeutic affect that have traditionally been reported from spending time in nature are relational outcomes; they depend both on nature’s performance and on what the individual contributes to the relations.

scholarly journals The Influencing Factors on Unemployment Level - The Case of Albania

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Eleni Vangjeli ◽  
Jorida Agolli
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Domestic Investments ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The empirical studies in labor market indicated that there are many factors that affect unemployment. These studies have analyzed these factors and concluded that exist a mutual relationship between them and unemployment. The relation between employment and FDI were studied by Craigwell (2006) and Karlsson et al. (2009). The effects of minimal wage on employment were studied by Katz and Kruger (1992) and Card (1992a) as well as Stephen Machin and Alan Manning (1994). Card, D. and Krueger, B. (1994) analyzed the effects of minimum wage raise, on fast-food restaurants in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. On the other hand, Neumark and Wascher (2000) in their findings explained that raising the minimal wage by 10% reduced the teenager employment rate with 1-2% and brought the reduction of total employment by 1.5-2%. Meanwhile, Grossberg and Sicilian (2004), found mixed results in their estimations of the minimal wage effects on employment duration period. Krugman, P(2015) one of the economy nobelist defends the theory of raising the minimal wage as a condition for improving the wellbeing. W. Phillips, (1958) studied a negative inverse relation between unemployment and inflation. Barro (1995), De Gregorio (1994), Bruno (1994) concluded that low inflation is accompanied by economic growth and higher employment level. Purpose of the article: The main aim of this article is to study and analyse factors affecting unemployment levels, because the unemployment is a critical problem in our country. We have analyzed the mutual effect of selected factors on unemployment level. The selected factors are FDI, domestic investments, inflation and minimal wage. Methodology/methods: To calculate the impact of this factors on the unemploymentlevel was used time series data for the period 1995 – 2013. Relying on time series data was made regression analysis using SPPS-21 program. Findings: Based on the testing results, we conclude that FDI, domestic investments and inflation affect negatively the unemployment level and this effect is statistically important, whereas the minimal wage has a low positive effect but such effect is not important.

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