Modelling of contact and tribotechnical parameters of metal–polymer gears taking into account wear and correction of teeth

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110546
Author(s):  
Myron Chernets ◽  
Anatolii Kornienko ◽  
Yuriy Chernets ◽  
Svetlana Fedorchuk
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Linear Wear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Metal Polymer

The estimation and the analysis of the arising contact pressures and tribotechnical parameters, that is, wear and durability, of metal-polymer spur gears using the author's computational method are presented in this study. Gears with a steel gear and pinion made of polyamide PA6 modified with dispersed carbon fibers (CF) or glass fibers (GF) whose content was 30%, PA6 + 30CF and PA6 + 30GF correspondingly, are studied. This took into account the parity of engagement, the effect of composite pinion teeth wear and gear correction. Quantitative and qualitative regularities of change of the specified parameters depending on composite type and gear correction type are established. It is found that the teeth wear of composite toothed wheels has a significant effect on reducing the values of the initial maximum contact pressures in the engagement. The distribution of linear wear along the teeth working profile and the localization of its maximum values, depending on the correction of engagement, are determined. The minimum durability of metal–polymer gears is calculated by simplified and improved methods. The optimal values of the correction coefficients at which the minimum durability is highest for both combination types of metal–polymer gears with height and angular teeth correction are established. The durability of metal–polymer gears with a driving pinion made of PA6 + 30CF composite calculated with the improved method is about seven times higher than the pinion made of PA6 + 30GF composite. In contrast to the methods of calculation of metal gears known from publications, the method presented in this study takes into account such practically significant factors as change of radii of tooth profile curvature owing to wear, their correction and number of teeth pairs at the engagement. In metal–polymer gears, there are no analytical calculation methods for modelling wear and tribological durability compared with that of the author's method.

A GENERALIZED METHOD FOR PREDICTING CONTACT STRENGTH, WEAR, AND THE LIFE OF INVOLUTE CONICAL SPUR AND HELICAL GEARS: PART 1. SPUR GEARS

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Myron CHERNETS
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Cylindrical Gear ◽  
Frontal Section ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Gear Ring ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures

The paper presents the results of research undertaken to determine maximum contact pressures, wear, and the life of involute conical spur gear, taking into account gear height correction, tooth engagement, and weargenerated changes in the curvature of their involute profile. Moreover, we have established the following: (a) the initial contact pressures are higher in the internal section with double-single-double tooth engagement; (b) the highest values can be observed at the entry of single tooth engagement; (c) the maximal tooth wear of the wheels in the frontal section will be less than half of that in the internal section; (d) profile shift coefficients have an optimum at which the highest gear life is possible; and (e) gear life in the internal section will be less than half of that the frontal section. The calculations were made for a reduced cylindrical gear using a method developed by the authors. The effect of applied conditions of tooth engagement in the frontal and internal sections of a cylindrical gear ring is shown graphically. In addition, optimal correction coefficients ensuring the longest possible gear life are determined.

scholarly journals Prediction of the contact pressures and resource of metal-polymer linear cylindrical plain bearings

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-633
Author(s):  
M. Chernets ◽  
A. Kornienko ◽  
O. Radko ◽  
A. Radionenko
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Metal Polymer

Different types of linear bearings (guides) are widely used in practice in various equipment, as in many other areas of human activity. In particular, this applies to cylindrical guides (linear plain bearings) of reciprocating motion. However, despite their considerable distribution, in fact, there are no reasonable methods for calculating the wear and service life of not only metal but also metal-polymer linear bearings. According to the author's method, the influence of load, base diameter and radial clearance on the maximum initial pressures in this bearing was investigated within the plane contact problem of the theory of elasticity. Further, using the computational method according to the author's tribokinetic model of wear during sliding friction, the effect of the composite bushing wear on the change of the initial contact characteristics (contact pressures and contact angle) was evaluated. The forecast calculation of the service life of the bearing depending on the above factors is also carried out. Quantitative and qualitative regularities of dependence of contact pressures and a resource on the accepted factors are established.

scholarly journals Predictive Estimation of Sliding Bearing Load-Carrying Capacity and Tribological Durability

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
Myron Chernets ◽  
Marek Opielak ◽  
Anatolii Kornienko ◽  
Oleg Radko
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angles ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Sliding Bearings ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Increasing Load

A computational method is presented as a method for solving a plane contact problem of the theory of elasticity to determine the contact strength and tribological durability of sliding bearings. The effect of load and radial clearance on the initial contact pressures and their reduction due to wear is studied. The durability of the bearing is estimated. Qualitative and quantitative regularities of changes in contact parameters and durability from the factors under study are established. In particular, it has been shown that both contact angles and maximum contact pressures are approximately linearly dependent on the load, and the durability decreases nonlinearly with increasing load.

Analysis and Comparison of Seal Ability of Premium Tubing Connections under Axial Alternating Load

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 2035-2039
Author(s):  
Long Cang Huang ◽  
Yin Ping Cao ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Yi Hua Dou
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Well Production ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Better Than

In the process of oil and gas well production, tubing connection stand the axial alternating load during open well, shut well and fluid flow. In order to know premium connection seal ability under the loading, two types of P110 88.9mmx6.45mm premium tubing connections which called A connection and B connection are performed with finite element analysis, in which contact pressures and their the regularities distribution on sealing surface are analyzed. The results show that with the increasing of cycle number, the maximum contact pressures on sealing surface of both A connection and B connection are decreased. The decreasing of the maximum contact pressures on B connection is greater than those on A connection. With the increasing of cycle number of axial alternating compression load, the maximum contact pressure on sealing surface of A connection is decreased, and the maximum contact pressure on sealing surface of B connection remains constant. Compared the result, it shows that the seal ability of A connection is better than B connection under axial alternating tension load, while the seal ability of B connection is better than type A connection under axial alternating compression load.

Friction and Wear Behavior of Silicon Carbonitride Processed From the Polymer-Derived Ceramic Route

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsali Cross ◽  
Somuri Prasad ◽  
Rishi Raj
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Silicon Carbonitride ◽  
Linear Wear ◽  
Polymer Derived Ceramic ◽  
Organometallic Precursors ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Contact Pressures

Polymer derived ceramics (PDC’s) are processed from liquid organometallic precursors by cross-linking the polymers into infusible solids, followed by controlled pyrolysis. No previous work regarding their tribology has been reported. Further, the synthesis of PDC’s as thin films, and the role that the nanostructure plays on the mechanical properties has not been reported. The objective of this research was to evaluate the fundamental tribological behavior of polymer derived SiCN in both bulk and thin film form. Friction and wear evaluations were made on bulk materials and thin films using a Si3N4 ballon-disk linear wear tester at various contact pressures and in different environments that contained various amounts of humidity. The micro/nanostructure was characterized by FTIR, microRaman, and scanning electron microscopy. Bulk SiCN gave a low friction coefficient and good wear resistance in humid environments but showed significant fracture and gouging in dry environments at higher contact pressures. Although there is ambiguity regarding the tribology of the thin films there seems to be a dependence upon the nitrogen content within the materials derived from the polymeric stage. The future work will focus on optimizing processing conditions of thin films and investigating the role that nitrogen plays in both bulk and thin film SiCN materials.

Analysis of Premium Connection of Connecting and Sealing Ability Loaded by Axial Tensile Loads

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 737-740
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Yi Hua Dou ◽  
Fu Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xiang Tong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
High Level ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
The Finite Element Model

It is necessary to know the connecting and sealing ability of premium connection for appropriate choices of different working conditions. By finite element method, the finite element model of premium connection is established and the stresses of seal section, shoulder zone and thread surface of tubing by axial tensile loads are analyzed. The results show that shoulder zone is subject to most axial stresses at made-up state, which will make distribution of stresses on thread reasonable. With the increase of axial tensile loads, stresses of thread on both ends increase and on seal section and shoulder zone slightly change. The maximum stress on some thread exceed the yield limit of material when axial tensile loads exceed 400KN. Limited axial tensile loads sharply influence the contact pressures on shoulder zone while slightly on seal section. Although the maximum contact pressure on shoulder zone drop to 0 when the axial tensile load is 600KN, the maximum contact pressure on seal section will keep on a high level.

scholarly journals Calculation of Contact Pressures in Cylindrical Metal-Polymer Sliding Guides

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Myron Chernets ◽  
Mykhaylo Pashechko ◽  
Anatolii Kornienko ◽  
Anatoly Ishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Metal ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Metal Polymer

Contact patterns in the ankle joint after lateral ligamentous injury during internal rotation: A computational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
G Marta ◽  
C Quental ◽  
J Folgado ◽  
F Guerra-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Mechanics ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Rotational Instability ◽  
Anterior Talofibular Ligament ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures

Lateral ankle instability, resulting from the inability of ankle ligaments to heal after injury, is believed to cause a change in the articular contact mechanics that may promote cartilage degeneration. Considering that lateral ligaments’ insufficiency has been related to rotational instability of the talus, and that few studies have addressed the contact mechanics under this condition, the aim of this work was to evaluate if a purely rotational ankle instability could cause non-physiological changes in contact pressures in the ankle joint cartilages using the finite element method. A finite element model of a healthy ankle joint, including bones, cartilages and nine ligaments, was developed. Pure internal talus rotations of 3.67°, 9.6° and 13.43°, measured experimentally for three ligamentous configurations, were applied. The ligamentous configurations consisted in a healthy condition, an injured condition in which the anterior talofibular ligament was cut, and an injured condition in which the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments were cut. For all simulations, the contact areas and maximum contact pressures were evaluated for each cartilage. The results showed not only an increase of the maximum contact pressures in the ankle cartilages, but also novel contact regions at the anteromedial and posterolateral sections of the talar cartilage with increasing internal rotation. The anteromedial and posterolateral contact regions observed due to pathological internal rotations of the talus are a computational evidence that supports the link between a pure rotational instability and the pattern of pathological cartilaginous load seen in patients with long-term lateral chronic ankle instability.

The Use of Line and Point Contacts in Determining Lubricant Rheology Under Low Slip Elastohydrodynamic Conditions

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Heyes ◽  
C. J. Montrose
Keyword(s):  
Maxwell Model ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Point Contacts ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Convolution Integral Equation ◽  
Shear Relaxation ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures

A theoretical study has been made of the elastohydrodynamic small strain behavior of lubricants in line and point contacts. The model for the lubricants is more realistic than those proposed to date and involves a reformulation of the Maxwell model in terms of a Volterra convolution integral equation. In addition to being more physically appealing, the approach can be easily generalized to describe coupled structural and shear relaxation of a nonexponential nature. The calculations predict that certain mineral oils change from exhibiting compressional viscoelastic to elastic behavior at maximum contact pressures and rolling speeds of order 0.5 GPa and 1.0 m/s.

Repair of Lateral Meniscus Posterior Horn Detachment Lesions

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2604-2609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl K. Schillhammer ◽  
Frederick W. Werner ◽  
Matthew G. Scuderi ◽  
John P. Cannizzaro
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Lateral Meniscus ◽  
Posterior Horn ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Intact State ◽  
Peak Contact Pressure ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Contact Pressures

Background: Posterior horn detachment (PHD) lesions of the lateral meniscus are commonly associated with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Multiple surgeons have advocated for repair of this lesion at the time of ACL reconstruction. However, the biomechanical consequences of this lesion and its subsequent repair have not been evaluated. Hypothesis: The PHD lesion of the lateral meniscus will lead to increased tibiofemoral contact pressures, and repair of this lesion to bone via a tibial tunnel can restore normal contact pressures during simulated gait. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Lateral compartment contact pressures were measured via a sensor on the tibial plateau in 8 cadaver knees with the knee intact, after sectioning the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to simulate PHD, and after repairing the injury. The repair was performed using an ACL tunnel guide to drill a tunnel from the anteromedial tibia to the posterior horn attachment site. Dynamic pressure data were continuously collected using a conductive ink pressure sensing system while each knee was moved through a physiological gait flexion cycle. Results: Posterior horn detachment caused a significant increase in tibiofemoral peak contact pressure from 2.8 MPa to 4.2 MPa ( P = .03). After repair of the lesion to bone was performed through a transtibial tunnel, the peak contact pressure was 2.9 MPa. Posterior horn detachment also significantly decreased the maximum contact area over which tibiofemoral pressure is distributed from 451 mm2 in the intact state to 304 mm2 in the detached state. Repair of the PHD lesion increased the maximum contact area to 386 mm2, however, this area was also significantly less than in the intact state ( P = .05). Conclusion: Posterior horn detachment of the lateral meniscus causes increased peak tibiofemoral contact pressure. The peak pressure can be reduced to a normal level with repair of the lesion to bone via a transtibial tunnel. Clinical Relevance: Posterior horn detachment of the lateral meniscus is a lesion often associated with an acute ACL tear. Debate exists concerning the importance of repairing PHD lesions at the time of ACL reconstruction. The data provided in this study may influence surgeons’ management of the lesion.

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