scholarly journals Spinal cord and infratentorial lesions in radiologically isolated syndrome are associated with decreased retinal ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer thickness

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1878-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Filippatou ◽  
Thomas Shoemaker ◽  
Megan Esch ◽  
Madiha Qutab ◽  
Natalia Gonzalez-Caldito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Retinal Imaging ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Spectral Domain Oct ◽  
Radiologically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: The role of retinal imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in assessing individuals with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) remains largely unexplored. Objective: To assess retinal layer thicknesses in RIS and examine their associations with clinical features suggestive of increased risk for conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A total of 30 RIS subjects and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent retinal imaging with spectral-domain OCT, followed by automated segmentation of retinal layers. Results: Overall, retinal layer thicknesses did not differ between RIS and HC. However, RIS subjects with spinal cord (SC) lesions had lower ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer (GCIP) thickness compared to HC (−4.41 μm; p = 0.007) and RIS without SC lesions (–3.53 μm; p = 0.041). Similarly, RIS subjects with infratentorial (IT) brain lesions had lower GCIP thickness compared to HC (–4.07 μm; p < 0.001) and RIS without IT lesions (–3.49 μm; p = 0.029). Multivariate analyses revealed that the presence of SC or IT lesions were independently associated with lower GCIP thickness in RIS ( p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). Other patient characteristics, including sex, abnormal cerebrospinal fluid, and presence of gadolinium-enhancing or juxtacortical lesions, were not associated with retinal layer thicknesses. Conclusion: The presence of SC or IT lesions in RIS may be associated with retinal neuro-axonal loss, supporting the presence of more disseminated disease.

scholarly journals Symmetry of Peripapillary-Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Parameters between Dominant and Non-dominant Eyes in Normal Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1518-1526
Author(s):  
Cheon Kuk Ryu ◽  
Hyung Bin Lim ◽  
Jung Yeul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Spectral Domain Oct

Purpose: To assess whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements and peripapillary microvascular parameters measured via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were similar between the dominant and non-dominant eyes of normal subjects.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed spectral domain OCT and OCTA data on healthy Koreans. The “hole-in-the-card” technique was used to determine ocular dominance. The perfusion density (PD) and flux index (FI) of the peripapillary 4.5 × 4.5-mm area were measured via OCTA. Central macular, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thicknesses were measured with the aid of spectral-domain OCT. The OCT and OCTA data of dominant and non-dominant eyes were compared.Results: A total of 84 eyes of 42 healthy subjects were analyzed. The average age was 27.3 ± 5.63 years. Twenty-eight subjects (66.7%) were right eye-dominant and 14 (33.3%) left eye-dominant. None of the central macular (260.00 ± 14.16 μm, 258.71 ± 15.18 μm, p = 0.183), macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (82.02 ± 5.07 μm, 82.43 ± 5.60 μm, p = 0.460), or peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (99.36 ± 9.27 μm, 97.90 ± 9.46 μm, p = 0.091) differed between the eyes; neither did any OCTA-assessed microvascular parameter.Conclusions: No OCT or OCTA parameter differed between dominant and non-dominant eyes. No parameter identified ocular dominance.

scholarly journals Retinal Sensitivity and Ganglion Cell-Related Retinal Layer Thickness in the Normal Aging Process 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Araie ◽  
Makoto Fujii ◽  
Yuko Ohno ◽  
Yuki Tanaka ◽  
Tsutomu Kikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽  
Ocular Media

Abstract Aging-associated changes in visual field (VF) sensitivity were compared prospectively and longitudinally with the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) changes in the corresponding retinal areas of the same eyes (72 eyes of 37 normal Japanese subjects; mean age, 51.3 years). The Humphrey Field Analyzer 24-2 test (HFA 24-2) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements of the cpRNFLT and GCIPLT in a 0.6-mm-diameter circle corresponding to the four central points of HFA 24-2 adjusted for retinal ganglion cell displacement (GCIPLT4TestPoints) were performed every 3 months for 3 years. The tiem changes of the mean sensitivity over the entire field (VFmean) and the four central points (VF4TestPoints), cpRNFLT, and GCIPLT4TestPoints were analyzed using a linear mixed model. The aging-associated decline rates of VFmean and VF4TestPoins were 0.12 and 0.19 decibels/year (p<0.001), which significantly accelerated with increased subjects’ age (0.009 and 0.010 decibels/year, p<0.001, respectively) without changes in the ocular media. Those of the CpRNFLT and GCIPLT4TestPoints were not significant in both (p>0.114), but significantly accelerated with increased subjects’ age (0.021 and 0.010 mm/year, p=0.001 and 0.004, respectively). These results have implications in studying physiological aging- or desease-related changes in these parameters.

scholarly journals Retinal ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer thinning in clinically isolated syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 1887-1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timm Oberwahrenbrock ◽  
Marius Ringelstein ◽  
Simon Jentschke ◽  
Katrin Deuschle ◽  
Katharina Klumbies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Layer Segmentation ◽  
In Cis

Background: Axonal and neuronal damage are widely accepted as key events in the disease course of multiple sclerosis. However, it has been unclear to date at which stage in disease evolution neurodegeneration begins and whether neuronal damage can occur even in the absence of acute inflammatory attacks. Objective: To characterize inner retinal layer changes in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Method: 45 patients with CIS and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were investigated using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Patients’ eyes were stratified into the following categories according to history of optic neuritis (ON): eyes with clinically-diagnosed ON (CIS-ON), eyes with suspected subclinical ON (CIS-SON) as indicated by a visual evoked potential latency of >115ms and eyes unaffected by ON (CIS-NON). Results: CIS-NON eyes showed significant reduction of ganglion cell- and inner plexiform layer and a topography similar to that of CIS-ON eyes. Seven eyes were characterized as CIS-SON and likewise showed significant retinal layer thinning. The most pronounced thinning was present in CIS-ON eyes. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that retinal pathology does occur already in CIS. Intraretinal layer segmentation may be an easily applicable, non-invasive method for early detection of retinal pathology in patients unaffected by ON.

scholarly journals Aquaporin-4 IgG seropositivity is associated with worse visual outcomes after optic neuritis than MOG-IgG seropositivity and multiple sclerosis, independent of macular ganglion cell layer thinning

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1360-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias S Sotirchos ◽  
Angeliki Filippatou ◽  
Kathryn C Fitzgerald ◽  
Sara Salama ◽  
Santiago Pardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Spectral Domain Oct

Background: Comparative studies of characteristics of optic neuritis (ON) associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG (MOG-ON) and aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP4-ON) seropositivity are limited. Objective: To compare visual and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures following AQP4-ON, MOG-ON, and multiple sclerosis associated ON (MS-ON). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 48 AQP4-ON, 16 MOG-ON, 40 MS-ON, and 31 healthy control participants underwent monocular letter-acuity assessment and spectral-domain OCT. Eyes with a history of ON >3 months prior to evaluation were analyzed. Results: AQP4-ON eyes exhibited worse high-contrast letter acuity (HCLA) compared to MOG-ON (−22.3 ± 3.9 letters; p < 0.001) and MS-ON eyes (−21.7 ± 4.0 letters; p < 0.001). Macular ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness was lower, as compared to MS-ON, in AQP4-ON (−9.1 ± 2.0 µm; p < 0.001) and MOG-ON (−7.6 ± 2.2 µm; p = 0.001) eyes. Lower GCIPL thickness was associated with worse HCLA in AQP4-ON (−16.5 ± 1.5 letters per 10 µm decrease; p < 0.001) and MS-ON eyes (−8.5 ± 2.3 letters per 10 µm decrease; p < 0.001), but not in MOG-ON eyes (−5.2 ± 3.8 letters per 10 µm decrease; p = 0.17), and these relationships differed between the AQP4-ON and other ON groups ( p < 0.01 for interaction). Conclusion: AQP4-IgG seropositivity is associated with worse visual outcomes after ON compared with MOG-ON and MS-ON, even with similar severity of macular GCIPL thinning.

Macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thinning as a biomarker of disability progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852093572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bsteh ◽  
Klaus Berek ◽  
Harald Hegen ◽  
Patrick Altmann ◽  
Sebastian Wurth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) is an emerging biomarker of neuroaxonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: We aimed to determine cut-off values of mGCIPL thinning for discriminating between progressing and stable patients in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). Methods: This is a 3-year prospective longitudinal study on 183 RMS patients with annual optical coherence tomography. Best possible cut-off values of baseline mGCIPL and annual loss of macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (aLmGCIPL) for discriminating clinically progressing (physical progression or cognitive decline) from stable patients were defined by receiver operating characteristics analysis and tested using multivariate regression models. Results: Baseline mGCIPL thickness <77 µm was associated with an increased risk (hazard ratio: 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5–4.7, p < 0.001) of disability progression. An aLmGCIPL cut-off ⩾1 µm accurately identified clinically progressing patients (87% sensitivity at 90% specificity) and was a strong predictor of clinical progression (odds ratio: 18.3, 95% CI: 8.8–50.3). Conclusion: We present evidence that cross-sectionally measured mGCIPL thickness and annualized thinning rates of mGCIPL are able to identify clinically progressing RMS with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Retinal degeneration is associated with brain volume reduction and prognosis in radiologically isolated syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atay Vural ◽  
Serhat Okar ◽  
Aslı Kurne ◽  
Güliz Sayat-Gürel ◽  
Nazire Pınar Acar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Volume ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Total Brain Volume ◽  
Spectral Domain Oct ◽  
Radiologically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Cns Demyelination ◽  
Brain Volumetrics

Background: The extent of neurodegeneration in the earliest stages of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination is not known. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful tool to study neurodegeneration in demyelinating disorders. Objectives: To study neuroaxonal loss in the retina of individuals with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) and investigate whether OCT measurements are associated with brain volumetrics and clinical conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Subjects fulfilling the Okuda criteria for RIS ( n = 15 patients, 30 eyes) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent spectral-domain OCT and magnetic resonance imaging for volumetric measurement of brain structures. Results: Macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL), macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and temporal peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) thickness; normalized total brain volume (nTBV); and normalized thalamic volume (nTV) were reduced in RIS compared to HC. mGCIPL, mRNFL, and pRNFL measurements were associated with nTBV, nTV, and normalized gray and white matter volumes in the RIS group. pRNFL was thinner in individuals with RIS who converted to MS in 5 years. Conclusions: Retinal neurodegeneration can be detected in the papillomacular region in the earliest stages of CNS demyelination and reflects global disease processes in the brain. OCT can be potentially useful for predicting prognosis in RIS.

scholarly journals Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness is Associated with Persistently Cognitive Decline -The Rugao Longevity and Aging Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Hangqi Shen ◽  
Xiaoyan Jiang ◽  
Sun Yao ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer

Abstract Background: The simple, convenient and well-validated biomarkers are imperative for detection of cognitive decline (CD). The powerful evidence is lacked for verifying the reliability and clinical utility of retinal biomarkers for detection of CD with repeated assessments. To investigate the association of retinal thickness with CD using repeated assessments. Methods: This study included 446 older adults with three-time repeated assessments of cognitive function during 5-years follow-up. Retinal thickness measured on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the association of retinal thickness with cognitive function. Results: According to cognitive status in three assessments, individuals were categorized into consistently normal cognition groups (N = 159), persistently CD groups (N = 134), progressed to CD groups (N = 70), and reverting or fluctuating CD groups (N = 83). Thinner ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) was associated with persistently CD (odds ratio [OR] per 1-μm decrease: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.18; per standard deviation [SD] decrease: 1.78, 95%CI, 1.04-3.19) rather than progressed to CD, reverting or fluctuating CD. No significant relationship was found between retinal nerve fiber layer and any CD subgroups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Thinner GC-IPL was associated with persistently CD, suggesting retinal neurodegeneration may be a promising biomarker for persistently CD. Further studies, including both longitudinal and repeated measurements of retinal layer thickness and cognitive function, are needed to assess the possibility of retinal thickness as a biomarker for persistent CD.

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