Farming versus tourism

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1581-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jianghuan Zhu ◽  
Chu Lin ◽  
Yunyun Li ◽  
Lijun Wu
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
The Impact

Participation in the tourism industry around World Heritage Sites is an important livelihood strategy for farmers. To enhance their sustainable livelihood ability, it is important to identify these strategies and determine the factors that affect their shift from low- to high-stability employment plans. We conducted face-to-face interviews with 150 farmer households on a World Heritage Site in China. Using the sustainable livelihood framework, proposed by the Department for International Development in the United Kingdom, a detailed inventory of farmers’ livelihood capital was created. A livelihood capital evaluation system was established adopting an entropy weight method. In addition, a multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the impact of farmers’ livelihood capital on their choice of tourism schemes. The results show that the most stable tourism livelihood strategies in the area studied were store types, and the most unstable, stall types. The key factors that affected the farmers’ shift of livelihood strategy were physical, financial, and human capital. Farmers with a larger quantum of these types of capital were more likely to choose a high-level livelihood strategy than other farmers. Moreover, the distance from their residence to the main attractions and tourist routes was an important factor that affected their choice of livelihood strategies.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Choice of Livelihood Strategy for Peasant Households Renting out Farmland: Evidence from Western Poverty-Stricken Areas in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cai ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Xianli Xia ◽  
Yazhi Chen ◽  
Hongqiang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
The Impact

Investigating the choice of livelihood strategies has great significance for improving the living standards of peasant households who rent out farmland. This study evaluates the impact of renting-out land on households’ livelihood strategies in China’s western poverty-stricken areas. Data were obtained from cross sectional survey of 585 field survey data from peasant households who rent out land. The K-means clustering method was used to classify the livelihood strategies of the sample households. In view of sustainable livelihood framework, this paper used combination weighting model based on game theory to calculate the quo of households’ livelihood capital. The Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to explore the relationship between livelihood capitals and livelihood strategies. Results show that: livelihood strategy of households who rent out the land can be divided into “agricultural-led” livelihood strategy, “working-oriented” livelihood strategy and “part-time” livelihood strategy. Additionally, the results of Multinomial Logistic Regression show that the households with high human capital and financial capital tend to choose the “working-oriented” livelihood strategy and the households with high natural capital tend to choose the “agricultural-led” livelihood strategy. Therefore, in order to realize the sustainable livelihood of these households, different policy support should be proposed based on the heterogeneity of households in the process of land transfer.

Residents’ perceptions of a World Heritage property: a multivariate analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Lourenço-Gomes ◽  
João Fernandes Rebelo ◽  
Cristina Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Property A ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of a World Heritage site (WHS) nomination as perceived by a specific group in a community, namely, the residents of the Alto Douro Wine Region. Design/methodology/approach The primary data were gathered through a face-to-face questionnaire, and the data analysis was performed using multivariate statistical methodologies (categorical principal components and cluster analysis) and the multinomial logit model. Findings Since the UNESCO nomination, the economic return was perceived as higher for almost half of the owners within the viticulture activity, for over half (56 per cent) within the tourism activity sector, and for 38 per cent in commerce. The general benefits mainly contributed to the residents’ positive view of the UNESCO’s classification. The viticulture activity negatively influences the perceived impact of listing on economic revenue. This is a very interesting and disturbing conclusion, since it suggests that not all grape-growers are feeling positive effects from the UNESCO nomination. Originality/value This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the WHS perceived effects by local residents. Methodologically, the paper presents a more refined analysis compared to most existing studies. By performing group segmentation, the paper provides more generalised information on community perceptions, bringing forward detailed knowledge about the interests of distinct groups such as wine makers, residents employed in tourism industry and commerce.

scholarly journals A quantitative description of the spatial–temporal distribution and evolution pattern of world cultural heritage

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Yongqi ◽  
Yang Ruixia ◽  
Wang Pu ◽  
Yang Anlin ◽  
Chen Guolong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Evolution Pattern ◽  
Modelling Analysis ◽  
Time Series Modelling ◽  
World Cultural Heritage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Peak Value

AbstractDepicting the temporal and spatial evolution pattern of global world cultural heritage systematically and finely is the basis of heritage recognition and protection. In this study, 869 world cultural heritage inscriptions (through 2019) were selected as the research objects, and the times and types of each World Heritage site were manually annotated from more than 5000 pieces of data. Through time series modelling, the advantages of and changes in heritage declarations in different regions and periods were analysed, and the impact of heritage strategy on the number of heritage sites included in each region was evaluated. The results showed that the implementation of heritage policy greatly impacted each region, especially on the number of heritage sites in Asia and the Pacific region. Using the heritage era to carry out modelling analysis, from the perspective of the integrity of historical heritage cultural types, it is considered that there may be cultural heritage sites in the Caribbean and Latin America that have not been given enough attention. The modelling analysis results of era attributes can support the fairness of heritage determination. By calculating the frequency and peak value of heritage sites at the national scale, the frequency and peak value of each country in the top 10 list are used to characterize the ability of national declarations of cultural heritage and reveal the differences in the ability of each member country to declare heritage sites and the heritage era. By calculating the distribution density of the heritage era, this study finds that the world’s cultural heritage is not concentrated in the Middle Ages (600–1450) but the periods of Reformation and Exploration (1450–1700) and Progress and Empire (1850–1914). The above analysis shows that there are imbalances and strategic adjustment effects concerning regions, countries, eras and types in World Heritage list development. The composition types of heritage are complex, and the combination types have obvious changes in different periods. It is suggested that the strategy of world cultural heritage collection should be further optimized to fully guarantee the balance of regions, countries and types, and the heritage value should be fully considered in heritage protection with more diversity and complexity of types.

scholarly journals Study on Comprehensive Economic Contribution Caused by Development of the Natural Heritage Scenic Spot——Taking World Heritage Site Danxia Mount as an Example

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Liu Yi ◽  
Zhang Mengfan
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Development ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Spreading Effect ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Scenic Spot ◽  
Multiplier Effect

Despite the rising status of tourism industry, most of scenic spots are lack of innovation in tourism developing patterns, and tickets economy still dominate most of the region’s tourism development. Based on this background, this paper taking world heritage site Danxia Mount as an example, using input-output analysis method, introducing the theory of lateral effect, has build structure tree model for multiplier effect of consumption in scenic spot. According to the tree model, multiplier effect of consumption in natural heritage scenic spot include industry spreading effect transmitted by endogenetic route and lateral effect transmitted by exogenous route. On the basis of research results, this paper gives suggestions to government on public tourism resources of scenic spots about how to choose appropriate tourism development pattern and make reasonable price policies of scenic spots.

scholarly journals Assessing the hydrological impacts of agricultural changes upstream of the Tunisian World Heritage sea-connected Ichkeul Lake

2015 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Aouissi ◽  
Z. L. Chabaane ◽  
S. Benabdallah ◽  
C. Cudennec
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage Site ◽  
Ichkeul Lake ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The impact of changes in agricultural land use and practices as a controlling driver of hydrologic response and as a source of diffuse pollution, are studied in the Joumine River basin, discharging into the Ichkeul Lake, northern Tunisia, a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1979. The lake is characterized by a very specific hydrological functioning based on a seasonal alternation of water levels and salinity through its link to the Mediterranean Sea. Three Landsat images, in situ surveys and SWAT modelling were used to simulate and assess streamflows and nitrate loads under retrospective land uses.

scholarly journals Brief communication: Post-wildfire rockfall risk in the Eastern Alps

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Melzner ◽  
Nurit Shtober-Zisu ◽  
Oded Katz ◽  
Lea Wittenberg
Keyword(s):  
Fire Severity ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In the Eastern Alps no previous research focused on the impact of wildfires on the occurrence of rockfalls. The investigation of wildfires and post-wildfire rockfalls gains new importance with respect to changes in weather extremes and rapid social developments such as population growths and tourism. The present work describes a wildfire that occurred in August 2018 in a famous world-heritage site in Austria. Indicators of fire severity and rockfall occurrence during and after the fire are described.

scholarly journals Tourism Impacts Continuity of World Heritage List Inscription and Sustainable Management of Hahoe Village, Korea: A Case Study of Changes in Tourist Perceptions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soonki Kim
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Target Object ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Tourism Impact ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Future Management

This study examines the World Heritage List inscription’s tourism impact continuity through Hahoe Village’s tourists’ perception changes between 2014 and 2018, and it tries to verify the direction of future management and development plans for a sustainable community. Of all the perceptions verified in this study, two noteworthy issues, such as (1) World Heritage as a tourists’ brand and (2) future management of Hahoe Village as a World Heritage Site for maintaining brand equity, are discussed. In conclusion, the title “World Heritage” has excelled in its role as a tourism brand. Based on this role, the immediate outburst of tourism after the World Heritage List inscription affected Hahoe Village. However, even though the title World Heritage is a powerful brand that has great effect on the tourism industry, it still needs appropriate management to maintain brand equity. In the case of World Heritage, the target object of management is located at a trade-off point of interests between preserving heritage value and improving service convenience for tourists.

Short-term Land Acquisition, Long-term Impacts: The Case of Houbara Bustard Hunting in South Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-408
Author(s):  
Salman Ata ◽  
Babar Shahbaz ◽  
Muhammad Arif Watto ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Houbara Bustard ◽  
The Impact

Pakistan provides seasonal hunting permits to the rulers of Gulf countries for hunting of Asian Houbara bustard ( Chlamydotis macqueenii) in different parts of the country. This research deals with (transnational) seasonal land acquisition of different rangelands/deserts of the Punjab province of Pakistan. So far, no comprehensive research has been conducted in Pakistan on this issue. This research attempts to address the impact of seasonal land grabbing by the foreigners on livelihood assets of local stakeholders in South Punjab, Pakistan. Based on the idea of ‘control grabbing’, this research uses ‘sustainable livelihood framework’ as an analytical framework. Quantitative and qualitative data were acquired from three (out of a total nine) randomly selected hunting sanctuaries in the districts of Rajanpur and Dera Ghazi Khan. The results revealed that natural assets of local population (agricultural land and rangeland) are adversely affected during the entire hunting season. Limited access to natural assets (especially livestock fodder) has long-term negative impacts on livelihood diversification of the locals as the number of livestock – one of the most important assets of respondents – is continuously decreasing in the case study area. We recommend that land enclosure should be restricted to a limited area for a limited time, and that the Government should develop an effective monitoring and evaluation system.

scholarly journals Rural Households’ Livelihood Strategy Choice and Livelihood Diversity of Main Ethnic Minorities in Chongqing, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8166
Author(s):  
Shuxin Mao ◽  
Sha Qiu ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Mingfang Tang
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Household Livelihood ◽  
Livelihood Capitals

Rural household livelihood research of ethnic minorities is urgent to the development of ethnic areas in China and achieve the world poverty reduction goal. To improve ethnic rural household livelihood, it is fundamental to figure out what are the types, characteristics as well as impact factors of their livelihood strategies. In the study, we explored the household livelihood strategy choices and livelihood diversity of the main ethnic minorities (Tujia and Miao) in Chongqing, as well as how livelihood capitals impact livelihood strategy through methods of clustering, livelihood diversity index and multiple logistic regression under the framework of sustainable livelihood approach. The results show that: (1) Full-time job, both full-time and part-time job, part-time agriculture, part-time job and subsidized livelihood strategy are livelihood strategies adopted by Tujia and Miao rural households in Chongqing, China. (2) The characteristics of the identified livelihood strategies are diversified and various in natural, financial, human and finance capital. (3) A number of livelihood capitals impact the way that household choose their livelihood strategies, but the livelihood capitals have no significant impact on the livelihood diversity. By detailed analysis of the characteristic of rural ethnic household livelihood strategy, especial livelihood diversity, the research enriched sustainable livelihood literature and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners in designing effective programs for regional sustainable development and ecological protection.

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