Accounting for carbon emissions associated with tourism-related consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiwei Tang ◽  
Shouzhong Ge
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Table ◽  
Goods And Services

This article explores the issues of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions resulting from the production of the goods and services provided to supply tourism consumption. First, we define the scope of tourism activities and the resulting tourism consumption and tourism direct gross value added (TDGVA). Second, we calculate CO2 emissions for sectors and compile a carbon input-output table (CIOT). Third, we adjust the tourism-related products consumed according to the range of the corresponding sectors of the CIOT. Finally, we use Shanghai as an example to calculate the carbon emissions that result from tourism consumption using the input-output model. This study shows that the TDGVA accounted for 7.97% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2012, whereas the carbon footprint of tourism accounted for 20.45% of total carbon emissions. The results demonstrate that tourism is not a low-carbon industry in Shanghai.

Based on Comparable Price Energy Input-Output Table of Xinjiang to Research Low Carbon Economic Development Strategy

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1573-1576
Author(s):  
Yuan Sheng Huang ◽  
Lu Tong Li
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Table ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Advanced Production

Based on the input-output theory, the paper using the comparable price energy input-output table,quantitatively estimates the implicit carbon emissions of each industrial department,and analyzes the growth of the implicit carbon emissions of the resident consumption through the structure decomposition.Conclusion indicates:From 1992 to 1997, the mean of the implicit carbon emissions of each industrial department in Xinjiang had been rising; From 1997 to 2007, the mean of the implicit carbon emissions of each industrial department had been declining;The implicit carbon emissions of Hydropower industry, the fire power and other seven similar industrial department were higher than that of each industrial department so that Xinjiang should strengthen monitoring on the high energy consumption.The implicit carbon emissions of the resident consumption was still in the trend of ceaseless growth and all of that states clearly that the economic grows at the cost of the increase of the greenhouse gas emissions.Xinjiang should introduce foreign advanced production technology,further optimizing the structure of the resident consumption.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tourism Eco-efficiency in Yangshuo County from the Perspective of Carbon Footprint

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 03014
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Han ◽  
Jinye Wang ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Economic Profit ◽  
Model Based

According to the input-output theory, the paper quantitatively analyzes the tourism ecoefficiency of Yangshuo in 2017 by building a tourism eco-efficiency model based on carbon footprint. The research shows that: Firstly, the total carbon footprint of tourism traffic in 2017 is 791.22×106 kg; the total carbon footprint of tourism accommodation is 353.60×106 kg; the total carbon footprint of tourism activities is 123.29×106 kg. Secondly, the 2017 tourism eco-efficiency of the Yangshuo County is 8.05 RMB per kilogram. It refers to the economic profit is 8.05 RMB when 1 kilogram of carbon dioxide is produced, which is relatively efficient compared with other regions. Lastly, the paper makes suggestions with regarding to the optimization of the tourism eco-efficiency.

A Case Study of Carbon Footprint on Liquor Packaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 577-580
Author(s):  
Ya Bo Fu ◽  
Wen Cai Xu ◽  
Yan Ru Jiang ◽  
Ge Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Packaging ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

The increasing concern on low carbon and environment protection has aroused a broader awareness of the sustainable development issues to be given to the environmental impacts of packaging products through the whole life cycle. The research of carbon footprint takes the high lights among these studies. The calculation of carbon emissions on commodities has shown many advantages on estimation of global greenhouse gas emissions. In this work, glass bottle liquor packaging was selected as the researching object, its equivalent carbon emissions were investigated by hybrid life cycle method. Through the carbon emissions research of the processes during the whole life cycle including raw materials’ production, packaging process, transportation, consumption and recycling, the carbon footprint on liquor packaging was calculated. The results indicated that the transportation and production of glass bottle contribute the most parts of total carbon emissions, which provides a case support for energy conservation and the development of green packaging.

The Provincial Carbon Footprint and Trade

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3514-3518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Demand Structure ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Based on the data of provincial input-output model and the carbon footprint model, the analysis is focused on provincial carbon footprint and the space transfer of carbon emissions. The results have shown that: (1) There are significant differences of provincial total carbon footprint amounts: resource-rich provinces have high total carbon footprint amounts, followed by processing and manufacturing provinces and municipalities; Regions with high energy efficiency have low carbon footprint amounts, so does southwestern region where economic and industrial development level is relatively low. (2) The provincial differences of carbon footprint per capita are related to demand structure: the amounts of carbon footprint are high in provinces with higher demand of consumption and investment, especially those provinces with strong demand for construction and processing industries. The amounts of carbon footprint are low in provinces which are non-resource-based, have limited investment and construction, and its economic structure is not dominated by processing and manufacturing. (3) Interprovincial trades have a significant impact on carbon footprint and carbon emissions. Provinces with well developed infrastructure have net CO2 emissions flow-in that are directly induced by high energy consumption products; southwestern region, where processing and manufacturing industry is relatively less-developed, has main CO2 emission flow-in, which are induced by the demand of processing and manufacturing industries; resource-intensive provinces and provinces with well-developed processing and manufacturing industries have net CO2 emission flow-out, which are induced by interprovincial trades.

scholarly journals Estimating the carbon emissions balance for South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Brent ◽  
Sibbele Hietkamp ◽  
Russell Wise ◽  
Kenney O’Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
South African ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
International Climate

The carbon footprint of materials and products is becoming an increasingly important factor in international trade. At present the carbon emissions balance of the South African economy is not well understood, especially the carbon emissions associated with imports and exports. An investigation was done of known economic input-output and life cycle analyses models addressing this shortcoming. The results reveal that South Africa is a major exporter of carbon; at least 129 per cent more carbon is associated with a dollar earned with exports than a dollar spent on imports, and the carbon footprint of the outflows on average, equates 37 per cent of the total carbon emissions of the economy. Such figures have serious policy-related implications in a future where international climate-change trade limitations will become stricter and binding.

scholarly journals Estimasi Jejak Karbon dari Aktivitas Kampus Universitas Batanghari

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Monik Kasman ◽  
Anggrika Riyanti ◽  
Novia Rezki Apriani
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
International Panel ◽  
Law Faculty ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Every individual or agency activity will generate greenhouse gas emissions which could be countable and expressed as equivalent to carbon dioxide. One of the activities that produce carbon emissions is activities carried out on the campus, one of which is  Batanghari University. Batanghari University consists of 5 faculties, namely the Faculty of Teacher Training and Science, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Agriculture with a total population of Batanghari University of 5,582 people including 5,278 students, 210 lecturers and 94 education staff. This study aims to analyze the amount of carbon emissions generated from activities of the Batanghari University and to compare the percentage of total carbon emissions produced from each scope. Calculation of carbon emissions using the method of The Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol), by dividing it into 3 scopes, including calculating the carbon footprint from transportation activities, emission form the used of gas, and emissions from electricity used and the used of paper. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions calculated by using the IPCC (International Panel On Climate Change) method. The results showed that the total carbon footprint produced at the Batanghari University for 6 months was 790.24 ton.CO2-eq. The distribution of emissions based on the scope as follows : scope 1 activity of electricity consumption was 162,705 ton.CO2-eq; scope 2 activities of using LPG was 0.609 ton.CO2-eq; and the scope 3 transportation activities of lecturers, students and education staff was 625.91 ton.CO2 -eq and paper usage activity are 1.0247 ton.CO2-eq. The largest carbon footprint was generated from transportation activities at 79.2% and the smallest was the use of LPG at 0.07%.

scholarly journals The Rising Carbon Footprint of Philippine Households: An Estimation Using Consumption Expenditure and Input-Output Analysis

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moises Neil Seriño
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trade Analysis

This study aimed to estimate the carbon footprint of Philippine households from consuming various goods and services. Data from the Philippine Input-Output Table and Global Trade Analysis Project’s carbon emission coefficients were used to extract the carbon intensities of different economic sectors. The embodied carbon emission from different consumption items was estimated by tracing the associated emission down to its intermediate inputs used in the production. The total household carbon footprint was derived by summing up the carbon emission from each consumption category. Results showed that the highest carbon emitting goods consumed by households are related to expenditure on fuel, light and transportation while nondurable and recreation goods were the least carbon intensive. Different socio-economic characteristics of the households matter in explaining total household carbon footprint. By using non-parametric estimation, results showed a strong positive relationship between household carbon footprint and income but the effect varies across the distribution. This implies that further increases in carbon footprint are to be expected as households get richer. Policy makers should devise policies promoting green consumption or low-carbon lifestyle; else it is likely that households will be leading a carbon intensive lifestyle as they become more affluent.

scholarly journals Carbon Emission Estimation of Assembled Composite Concrete Beams during Construction

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1810
Author(s):  
Kaitong Xu ◽  
Haibo Kang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
The Government

At present, the issue of carbon emissions from buildings has become a hot topic, and carbon emission reduction is also becoming a political and economic contest for countries. As a result, the government and researchers have gradually begun to attach great importance to the industrialization of low-carbon and energy-saving buildings. The rise of prefabricated buildings has promoted a major transformation of the construction methods in the construction industry, which is conducive to reducing the consumption of resources and energy, and of great significance in promoting the low-carbon emission reduction of industrial buildings. This article mainly studies the calculation model for carbon emissions of the three-stage life cycle of component production, logistics transportation, and on-site installation in the whole construction process of composite beams for prefabricated buildings. The construction of CG-2 composite beams in Fujian province, China, was taken as the example. Based on the life cycle assessment method, carbon emissions from the actual construction process of composite beams were evaluated, and that generated by the composite beam components during the transportation stage by using diesel, gasoline, and electric energy consumption methods were compared in detail. The results show that (1) the carbon emissions generated by composite beams during the production stage were relatively high, accounting for 80.8% of the total carbon emissions, while during the transport stage and installation stage, they only accounted for 7.6% and 11.6%, respectively; and (2) during the transportation stage with three different energy-consuming trucks, the carbon emissions from diesel fuel trucks were higher, reaching 186.05 kg, followed by gasoline trucks, which generated about 115.68 kg; electric trucks produced the lowest, only 12.24 kg.

scholarly journals Method of value chain mapping with international input–output data: application to the agricultural value chain in three Greater Mekong Subregion countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Unit Structure ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Final Output ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion

AbstractExtending the technique of unit structure analysis, which was originally developed by Ozaki (J Econ 73(5):720–748, 1980), this study introduces a method of value chain mapping that uses international input–output data and reveals both the upstream and downstream transactions of goods and services, as well as primary input (value added) and final output (final demand) transactions, which emerge along the entire value chain. This method is then applied to the agricultural value chain of three Greater Mekong Subregion countries: Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The results show that the agricultural value chain has been increasingly internationalized, although there is still room to benefit from participating in global value chains, especially in a country such as Cambodia. Although there are some constraints regarding the methodology and data, the method proves useful in tracing the entire value chain.

Modeling of Carbon Dioxide Measurement on Cement Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2120-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xia Peng ◽  
Liang Huang ◽  
Yu Bo Zhao ◽  
Pan Chen ◽  
Lu Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Measurement ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Reducing Co2 Emission

Input-output model on cement plants were established. Carbon dioxide emissions of key steps and carbon footprint of products were calculated and predicted using the input-output model. The results showed that CO2 emission in the plant (the production of the plant is 1320000t a year) reached 910000 t a year and CO2 emission per ton product is 0.689 ton. Over 80% of the total CO2 was emitted during the process of firing，so the firing process is the key step for reducing CO2 emission in the cement plant. Carbon footprint of three kinds of cement products including ordinary portland cement, portland pozzolan cement and portland blast furnace slag cement are 0.76, 0.59, 0.72 respectively.

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