scholarly journals Medical symptoms and conditions in autistic women

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110220
Author(s):  
Tslil Simantov ◽  
Alexa Pohl ◽  
Alexandros Tsompanidis ◽  
Elizabeth Weir ◽  
Michael V Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Bias ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
Steroid System

The sex bias in autism diagnosis suggests the involvement of sex-specific endocrine mechanisms during prenatal development, but these hormones affect health throughout life. Therefore, the current study examined the association of autism and autistic traits with conditions and symptoms related to the sex-steroid system in adult women. In total, 1230 women (361 autistic), aged 15–77 years, reported on autistic traits and medical history. Medical diagnoses and symptoms were grouped by unsupervised factor analysis, and associations with autism diagnosis and autistic traits were explored. Higher rates of reproductive system diagnoses (odds ratio = 1.035, p = 0.024), prediabetes symptoms (odds ratio = 1.319, p = 0.001), irregular puberty onset (odds ratio = 1.458, p = 0.009), and menstrual length (odds ratio = 1.368, p = 0.034) and lower rates of metabolic and vascular conditions (odds ratio = 0.654, p = 0.013) were associated with diagnosis. Reproductive system diagnoses (β = 0.114, p = 0.000), prediabetes symptoms (β = 0.188, p = 0.000), menstrual length (β = 0.071, p = 0.014), irregular puberty onset (β = 0.149, p = 0.000), excessive menstruation symptoms (β = 0.097, p = 0.003), and hyperandrogenism symptoms (β = 0.062, p = 0.040) were also associated with autistic traits. Many of the conditions and symptoms found to be associated with autism or autistic traits are also related to conditions of steroid hormones and, specifically, the sex-steroid system. The study suggests an important role for steroids in autistic women, beyond prenatal development. Clinical implications are discussed. Lay abstract Sex-steroids, such as testosterone, are thought to be one of the biological factors implicated in autism. This relies on the sex bias in the diagnosis of autism (boys are approximately four times more likely to be diagnosed than girls) and findings of associations with fetal testosterone levels in traits and abilities related to autism. The current study aimed to examine the association between medical conditions and physical symptoms, which tend to manifest in adulthood, and autism in females. Moreover, we examined their association with autistic traits throughout the spectrum. We focused on autistic women because there is little research focusing on the healthcare needs of autistic women, but those that exist suggest heightened vulnerability, and lower access to medical care. We find that conditions related to steroid hormones function are more frequent in autistic women and that they correlate with autistic traits. Specifically, we found that body mass index, reproductive system diagnoses, prediabetes symptoms, irregular puberty onset, and menstrual irregularities were significantly more frequent in autistic women and were significantly correlated with autistic traits in neurotypical women. The findings have important implications for raising awareness in autistic women of the possibility of medical conditions which might need medical attention. In addition, healthcare providers should consider these associations when performing healthcare maintenance checks and/or screening for autism.

Reproductive system related endocrine activity in man: B. Sex steroid hormones

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (3_Supplc) ◽  
pp. S40-S42
Author(s):  
D.A. Adamopoulos ◽  
P. Vassilopoulos ◽  
N. Kapolla ◽  
L. Kontogeorgos
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Endocrine Activity

scholarly journals HORMONE-ASSOCIATED METABOLIC DISORDERS OF THE ORAL CAVITY ORGANS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
George Khodorovskyi ◽  
Lyubov Panina ◽  
Tetiana Shchurko
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

There is emerging evidence of a possible relationship between the oral cavity and reproductive organs. Recent studies suggest these functional relations. The aim of this review was to synthesize the available evidence on this relationship. Clinical observation established that sex hormones enhance gingival inflammation in periodontal healthy women during pregnancy and that periodontal condition is associated with variation of sex hormones in blood. Estrogen regulates DNA synthesis in human gingival epithelial cells and periodontal ligament, estrogen reduces down regulation of cytokines. Estrogen and progesterone affect the periodontium via appropriate receptors (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor). They are localized in human periodontium, demonstrating that periodontal tissues are the target tissues for these hormones. Testosterone receptors are found in the periodontal tissues. It inhibits prostaglandin secretion and reduces interleukin production. At the same time testosterone stimulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, also enhances matrix synthesis by fibroblast, osteoblasts, and periodontal ligament. The role of testosterone in the formation of teeth is demonstrated in the paper. In females and males, in saliva there are sex steroid hormones. The study examined the entry mode of hormones into saliva. The results suggest that lipid soluble unconjugated steroids (estriol, testosterone, progesterone) enter saliva via intracellular route; the conjugated steroids (lipid insoluble (dehydroepiandrosterone, conjugated estrogens)) enter via the ‘tight junctions’ (infiltrations through the tight junctions between the acinar cells). Recent evidence indicates that organs of the oral cavity (salivary glands, periodontal tissues, oral epithelial cells mucus) produce ghrelin-hormone which affects organs of the reproductive system directly or indirectly via hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. In all these organs, there is an appropriate receptor. In conclusion, the organs of oral cavity and organs of reproductive system are functionally linked by sex steroid hormones and ghrelin, besides that periodont can influence ovaries by neuro-reflectory link.  

scholarly journals Importance of neurotransmitters in the regulation of the reproductive system

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Alina O. Ivanova ◽  
Maria I. Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Natalia N. Tkachenko ◽  
Ekaterina A. Kondratyeva
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Pituitary Insufficiency ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Hypothesis/aims of study. Recently, due to empowering the improvement of care for patients with traumatic brain injury and creating effective methods of intensive therapy for severe brain lesions of various genesis, there has been a tendency towards an increased number of patients who have gone out of a coma into an unconscious state a vegetative state or an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (BS / UWS). The functions of the brain stem and hypothalamus in patients in a BS / UWS are preserved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of the relationship between the regulation of sex steroid hormones and the secretion of neurotransmitters. Study design, materials and methods. The study was performed using systematic analysis and compilation of literature data obtained by foreign and domestic authors over the period from 1931 to 2018. Results. This article reviews publications covering the relationship between the regulation of sex steroid hormones and the secretion of neurotransmitters, as well as their effect on the reproductive system. The theory of neurosecretion depicting the mechanisms of positive and negative feedback of the synthesis of neurotransmitters and sex steroid hormones, and the characteristics of the secretion machineries for sex hormones with normogonadotropic and hypogonadotropic pituitary insufficiency, and nonendocrine manifestations of the pathology of the hypothalamus is highlighted in this review. Conclusion. The hormonal profile of patients with chronic disorders of consciousness remains almost unstudied. A further study of the hormonal profile in this patient category will create the prerequisites for the development of pathogenetically substantiated hormone-modifying replacement therapy, which may have a positive effect on the dynamics of recovery of consciousness and improve treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Less Illusion of a Just World in People with Formally Diagnosed Autism and Higher Autistic Traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bertrams
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
Just World ◽  
External Locus ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Autistic People

AbstractPeople differ in how strongly they believe that, in general, one gets what (s)he deserves (i.e., individual differences in the general belief in a just world). In this study (N = 588; n = 60 with a formal autism diagnosis), whether or not autistic people and those with high autistic traits have a relatively low general belief in a just world is examined. The results revealed the expected relationship between autism/higher autistic traits and a lower general belief in a just world. In a subsample (n = 388), personal belief in a just world, external locus of control, and self-deception mediated this relationship. These findings are discussed in terms of autistic strengths (less biased information processing) and problems (lowered well-being).

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