scholarly journals Balanced time perspective as a facilitator of immigrants’ psychological adaptation: A study among Ukrainian immigrants in Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 136346152094967
Author(s):  
Michalina Marczak ◽  
Piotr Sorokowski ◽  
Małgorzata Sobol
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Time Perspective Theory

The perception of time plays a fundamental role in the organisation of basic psychological processes, and as such may also influence migrants’ psychological wellbeing. This paper investigates the relationship between the perception of time and immigrants’ psychological adaptation (i.e., affective aspects of migration) based on a sample of 238 Ukrainians residing in Poland. To assess time perception, we drew primarily from time perspective theory, which defines time perspective as a measure of the degree to which individuals non-consciously construe the past, the present, and the future. Psychological adaptation was assessed, focusing on participants’ basic psychological needs satisfaction, their satisfaction with life, and their psychological condition. We observed a relatively strong negative relationship between negative past and fatalistic present time perspectives and psychological adaptation. Additionally, we found that a more balanced and less negative temporal profile was related to significantly better psychological adaptation of immigrants. We discuss these results in light of the cultural validity of time perspective theory, the destructive impact of negative time perspective on migrants’ psychological wellbeing, and the potential applications of time perspective-based therapy in integration interventions for immigrants.

scholarly journals Balanced Time Perspective as a Facilitator of Immigrants’ Psychological Adaptation: A Study among Ukrainian Immigrants in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalina Marczak ◽  
Piotr Sorokowski ◽  
Małgorzata Sobol-Kwapińska
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Time Perspective Theory

The perception of time plays a fundamental role in the organisation of basic psychological processes, and as such may also influence migrants’ psychological well-being. This paper investigates the relationship between the perception of time and immigrants’ psychological adaptation (i.e. affective aspects of migration) based on a sample of 238 Ukrainians residing in Poland. To assess time perception we drew primarily from time perspective theory which defines time perspective as a measure of the degree to which individuals non-consciously construe the past, the present and the future. Psychological adaptation was assessed with focus on participants’ basic psychological needs satisfaction, satisfaction with life and psychological condition. We observed relatively strong negative relationship between negative past and fatalistic present time perspectives and psychological adaptation. Additionally, it was found that more balanced and less negative temporal profile, was related to significantly better psychological adaptation of immigrants. We discuss the results in light of cultural validity of time perspective theory, destructive impact of negative time perspective on migrants’ psychological wellbeing and potential application of time perspective-based therapy in integration interventions for immigrants.

Time in the Mental Health Context: Neurotic Symptomatology, Defense Mechanisms and the Perception of Time Perspective Among Patients Diagnosed With Neurotic and Personality Disorders – A Clinical Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097816
Author(s):  
Joanna Mostowik ◽  
Michał Mielimąka ◽  
Krzysztof Rutkowski ◽  
Tadeusz Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Defense Style ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Time Perspective Theory

Aim The main objective of the study is to explore relations between the time perspective, neurotic symptoms, anxiety, and defense mechanisms in the group of patients diagnosed with neurotic and personality disorders (ICD-10 groups: F4x, F60.x and F61) treated with group psychotherapy. The research is conducted on the theoretical basis of the Zimbardo and Boyd’s Time Perspective Theory. Methods The study included 49 patients treated in the day ward for the Treatment of Neurotic Disorders and Behavioral Syndromes at the University Hospital. The measurement of the TP was performed with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. Patients also completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Defense Style Questionnaire 40. The diagnosis was done by licensed psychiatrists and supported with the measures: Symptom Checklist KO“O”, Neurotic Personality Questionnaire KON-2006. Results Multiple regression analysis models showed that the four time perspectives (past negative, present fatalistic, present hedonistic, and future) are predicted in different variations by the level of anxiety state or trait and repertoire of used defense mechanisms (immature or mature). Conclusions Considering the established bilateral correlations, change in the time perspective may constitute an important factor in the reduction of neurotic symptoms, possibly through changes in the repertoire of utilized defense mechanisms. However, there is also possible that altering neurotic symptomatology would alter time perspective. The assessment of the time perspective in patients with neurotic and personality disorders may provide useful data for the diagnosis and the monitoring of psychotherapy effectiveness. Based on the results of this study conducting further research on the role of the changes in the time perspective in the course of psychotherapy is recommended and necessary to expand the understanding of the relations observed in this study.

Social Physique Anxiety, Mental Health, and Exercise: Analyzing the Role of Basic Psychological Needs and Psychological Inflexibility

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez ◽  
Álvaro Sicilia ◽  
Rafael Burgueño
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Relational Frames ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the usefulness of integrating basic psychological needs theory (BPNT) and relational frames theory (RFT) in order to explain the effects of social physique anxiety (SPA) – in the context of exercise – on exercisers’ mental health. A total of 296 recreational cyclists and triathletes (100% males) aged 18 to 60 years old (Mage= 35.65,SD= 9.49) completed a multi-section questionnaire assessing the target variables. Two models of structural equations with multiple mediators were tested using 5000 bootstrap samples. While the BPNT-based model explained 20% of variance in satisfaction with life (SWL) and 25% of variance in mental health (MH), the model that also incorporated RFT explained 43% of variance in both of those variables. Results showed that SPA negatively impacted exercisers’ mental health via two different mechanisms: a) through a decrease in perceived satisfaction of basic psychological needs (β = –.05,p= .045 for SWL; β = –.07,p= .002 for MH); b) through an increase in psychological inflexibility, generated directly by SPA (β = –.24,p< .001 for SWL; β = –.20,p< .001 for MH) and also mediated by basic psychological need thwarting (β = –.09,p< .001 for SWL; β = –.08,p= .002 for MH). Results supported integrating the two theories, elucidating the processes by which a controlling social factor like SPA can affect the potential benefits of exercise.

scholarly journals The Impact of an Outdoor and Adventure Sports Course on the Wellbeing of Recovering UK Military Personnel: An Exploratory Study

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Kaiseler ◽  
Chris Kay ◽  
Jim McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adventure Sports

UK military personnel have faced increased demands over the last three decades; these have affected their wellbeing and caused multiple physical and mental health problems. Currently, bespoke rehabilitation systems may recommend participation in sports programmes. Although research attention has been drawn to the short-term positive effects of these programmes, their long-term impact on psychological wellbeing is unknown. To address this gap, the current study explored the long-term impact of a sports programme on UK military personnel’s ability to make changes in their day-to-day life through the lens of psychological wellbeing. For this purpose, UK military personnel (n = 97) completed an online survey aiming to provide a quantitative and qualitative picture of their experiences of an outdoor and adventure sports programme, underpinned by the basic psychological needs theory, six months following completion. Findings suggest that 75% of respondents found that the course was useful for facilitating adaptive changes. Content analysis suggests that elements of the course seem to satisfy their basic psychological needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy. Activities initiated six months after the course are mostly aligned with improved psychological wellbeing. Useful theoretical and applied implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Physical Activity as a Regulatory Variable between Adolescents’ Motivational Processes and Satisfaction with Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Vaquero Solís ◽  
Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel ◽  
Miguel Ángel Tapia Serrano ◽  
Juan J. Pulido ◽  
Damián Iglesias Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
The Relationship

Framed within Self-Determination Theory, the objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs, levels of motivation, physical activity, and satisfaction with life. Methods: A total of 487 students participated, comprising males (n = 262) and females (n = 225), aged between 14 and 16 years (M = 15.02; SD = 0.87), from different secondary schools. Results: A regression analysis was carried out (structural equation modeling) that revealed the existence of two theoretical lines, one positive and the other negative, where the satisfaction of basic psychological needs was positively related to autonomous motivation and physical activity, which predicted satisfaction with life. On the other hand, the frustration of basic psychological needs was positively related to controlled motivation, whereas controlled motivation (introjected regulation and extrinsic regulation) was inversely associated with physical activity and satisfaction with life. Conclusion: The results show the importance of motivational processes in physical activity, and the effects of physical activity on satisfaction with life in adolescents who spend more time engaged in physical activity.

scholarly journals Designing for Temporal Harmony: Exploring the Well-Being Concept for Designing the Temporal Dimension of User Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Cristina Hermosa Perrino ◽  
Michael Burmester
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Time Perspective Theory

User Experience (UX) is characterized by its temporal dimension, dynamic nature, and variability. Although descriptive models about the temporal dimension and related aspects exist, an understanding of the design possibilities and a design approach that ensures the design of the temporal dimension promoting a positive UX and well-being are still lacking. This paper addresses this research gap and builds on Zimbardo and Boyd’s Time Perspective Theory (TPT). TPT presents five time perspectives (TPs)—Past-Negative, Past-Positive, Present-Fatalistic, Present-Hedonistic, and Future—to reveal that people have individual attitudes toward time that influence their thoughts, actions, and feelings. Studies conclude that a balance between the positive TPs (Past-Positive, Present-Hedonistic, and Future), i.e., temporal harmony, contributes to long-term well-being. We present our design framework and approach “designing for temporal harmony,” which incorporates the theory into the practice to highlight the temporal design possibilities and to offer guidance for designers. We applied the design framework and approach to a case study, developed an app concept, and evaluated it with users. The results demonstrate that it is possible to systematically develop temporal UX concepts that evoke positive anticipations, experiences, and retrospections, and that these promote a positive UX as well as contribute to users’ long-term well-being.

scholarly journals Psychological Wellbeing in Physical Education and School Sports: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Javier Piñeiro-Cossio ◽  
Antonio Fernández-Martínez ◽  
Alberto Nuviala ◽  
Raquel Pérez-Ordás
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

Mental health in children and adolescents has become an increasingly important topic in recent years. It is against this backdrop that physical education and school sports play an important role in promoting psychological wellbeing. The aim of this review was to analyse interventions for improving psychological wellbeing in this area. To this end, a literature review was conducted using four databases (WOS, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS and ERIC) and the following keywords: psychological wellbeing, physical education, and school sports. Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that interventions varied greatly in terms of duration and used a wide range of strategies (conventional and non-conventional sports, physical activity, games, etc.) for promoting psychological wellbeing, primarily among secondary school students. There was a lack of consensus as to the conceptualisation of the construct of psychological wellbeing, resulting in a variety of tools and methods for assessing it. Some studies also suggested a link between psychological wellbeing and other variables, such as basic psychological needs and self-determination. Finally, this study provides a definition of psychological wellbeing through physical activity based on our findings.

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