Mediating power? Delegation, pooling and leadership selection at international organisations

2021 ◽  
pp. 136914812199276
Author(s):  
Mirko Heinzel
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Leadership Selection ◽  
Member States ◽  
Power Delegation ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of the executive heads of international organisations represents a key decision in the politics of international organisations. However, we know little about what dynamics influence this selection. The article focuses on the nationality of selected executive heads. It argues that institutional design impacts the factors that influence leadership selection by shaping the costs and benefits of attaining the position for member states’ nationals. The argument is tested with novel data on the nationality of individuals in charge of 69 international organization bureaucracies between 1970 and 2017. Two findings stand out: first, powerful countries are more able to secure positions in international organisations in which executive heads are voted in by majority voting. Second, less consistent evidence implies that powerful countries secure more positions when bureaucracies are authoritative. The findings have implications for debates on international cooperation by illustrating how power and institutions interact in the selection of international organisation executive heads.

scholarly journals The basics of international cooperation in forensic activity on the example of the international criminal police organization – INTERPOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-C) ◽  
pp. 326-329
Author(s):  
Elena A. Logvinets ◽  
Natalia P. Katorgina ◽  
Elena I. Khlebnikova ◽  
Sergey N. Mamin ◽  
Natalya Yu. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
International Organization ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Police Organization ◽  
Member States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific

This article discusses the current areas of international cooperation in the fight against or crime based on the example of the International Organization of Criminal Police - Interpol. In research we use dialectical dispositions, general scientific methods and special methods. Not correcting the study, also used private scientific methods: formal-legal, formal-logical, systemic and comparative. The results will show that international cooperation in forensic activities must be carried out with an agile management, which brings together the national interests of two States and various instruments of regulation of the interaction. In order to understand two objectives, functions, principles and means of mutual activities through Interpol, it will provide the police and judicial authorities of two member states to obtain greater efficiency from their cooperation.

Wspólnotowy wymiar polityki imigracyjnej Unii Europejskiej w obliczu wyzwań związanych ze zwiększonym napływem imigrantów w 2015 r.

2017 ◽  
pp. 82-107
Author(s):  
Michał Skorzycki
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Immigration ◽  
New System ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Crisis Situations

The article comprises the overview of the essential legal, administrative and financial means that the EU has at its disposal in case of rapid influx of immigrants, as well as a selection of major obstacles to the use of these tools, based on observation of the activities of the EU and its member states taken up to deal with the aforementioned situation which took place in 2015. Using the abovementioned observation and an analysis of relevant documents, it is argued that the refugee crisis of 2015 has revealed the necessity of a profound institutionalisation of the European immigration policy as the most effective way to overcome difficulties in response to such situations. The analysis leads also to the conclusion that the EU is caught in a dilemma of either suspending the Dublin system in crisis situations or creating a new system of intensive support for border member states.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: The Responsibility of Member states of an International Organization

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odette Murray
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Member State ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Member States ◽  
Draft Article ◽  
Legal Limit ◽  
Primary Rule

AbstractThis paper applies two manifestations of the principle of good faith – pacta sunt servanda and the doctrine of abuse of rights – to the complex relationship between member states and international organizations. The paper argues that these existing doctrines operate as a legal limit on the conduct of states when creating, controlling and functioning within international organizations. The paper begins by exploring an innovative provision in the International Law Commission's recently finalised Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organisations – Draft Article 61 – according to which a member state will bear international responsibility for the act of an international organization where the member state uses the organization to circumvent its own international obligations. Examining the development of Draft Article 61 and the jurisprudence upon which it is based, this paper argues that the principle which the Commission in fact seeks to articulate in Draft Article 61 is that of good faith in the performance of treaties. As such, being based on a primary rule of international law, this paper queries whether Draft Article 61 belongs in a set of secondary rules. The paper then considers the role of states in the decision-making organs of international organizations and argues that the widely held presumption against member state responsibility for participation in decision-making organs can and should be displaced in certain cases, in recognition of the various voting mechanisms in international organizations and the varied power which certain states may wield. The paper argues that the doctrine of abuse of rights operates as a fundamental legal limit on the exercise of a member state's voting discretion, and thereby forms a complementary primary obligation placed on states in the context of their participation in international organizations.

scholarly journals Outsourcing scorecard for the UN and similar international public sector organisations

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-342
Author(s):  
Ken Charles ◽  
Chris E Cloete
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Selection Of

Outsourcing has become one of the most powerful, organisation-shaping management tools available today. However, the UN’s experience in outsourcing is limited to providing troops for peacekeeping operations.  The purpose of the paper is to develop an outsourcing scorecard for the UN and similar organisations.  Forty national and international organisations were surveyed through questionnaires, review of relevant literatures and records. The research established that by identifying core competencies, goals and objectives, risks, selection of provider as well as measurements and evaluation of providers performance using an outsourcing scorecard, support functions can be outsourced successfully. Other criteria indicated as important is peace-building, suitable for humanitarian organisations. The scorecard developed by the research could provide the UN with a number of benefits, such as maximization of efficiency and savings in costs.  The paper develops the first outsourcing scorecard to guide the UN and similar organisations in identifying services that can be outsourced successfully.

"Learning and living democracy for all". Council of Europe Programme promoting Citizenship and Human Rights Education

CADMO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Yulia Pererva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
Human Rights Education ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Member States ◽  
Close Cooperation

- Since 1997, the Council of Europe has supported a Project on Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights (EDC/HRE) with the aim of complimenting its treaty related activities in the fields of Human and Social Rights. The article presents the programmes and the initiatives supported and developed by the Council of Europe both at an international and at the national levels as well as the most important adopted texts and publications. It outlines the principles on which partnership and networking are built by the Council of Europe in close cooperation with member states and other regional and international institutions.Keywords human rights education, education for democratic citizenship, international cooperation.

Danish libraries in WorldCat – and ordering facilities to ten Danish libraries

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Brink ◽  
Leif Andresen
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bibliographic Data

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the Danish agreement with OCLC's WorldCat and the perspectives for international cooperation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the Danish ILL cooperation, the project and WorldCat as a case study of international cooperation which will increase the effectiveness of the international ILL service.FindingsCooperation with an international organization works better when coordinated nationally.Originality/valueThe Danish agreement with OCLC covers both main activities: ILL and cataloguing – creation and use of bibliographic data.

scholarly journals The First Korean Garden in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Victor Kuzevanov ◽  
Alexey Ponomarev ◽  
Sergey Kalyuzhny ◽  
Yong-Shik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
State University ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Garden Design ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

The history of the first «Korean Garden» design, development and establishment within the Irkutsk State University Botanic Garden in the harsh climatic conditions of Baikalian Siberia is described. The peculiarities of the selection of plants and landscape arrangements represent this garden as a unique ethnobotanical object – the cultural and natural heritage of Korea, an ecological and humanitarian resource for science, education and international cooperation.

scholarly journals THE WAYS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN DOCTORS OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN CANADA AND DOCTORS IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Myroslava Marushchenko
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Local Level ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Fellowship Program ◽  
Charitable Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

In the article, the current state of cooperation between Canadian Ukrainians and Ukrainian doctors analyzes. The urgency of modern challenges for cooperation is determined, in particular: pandemic restrictions due to the rapid spread of Covid-19 virus and a sharp restriction of direct professional contacts; the politicization of professional international cooperation in the conditions of Russian aggression; bureaucracy on the part of the management of medical institutions of Ukraine, unfinished state regulation of charitable organizations and international cooperation; insufficient development of charity in Ukraine. The activity of the main Cooperation programs between doctors Canadian Ukrainians and Ukrainian doctors is analyzed. The main focus of the article is on the analysis of the effectiveness of the Canadian-Ukrainian Pediatric Fellowship Program. The Medical Director of the Program is Professor James Rutka, and the Program Coordinator is Professor Myroslava Romach. The stages of organizing training meetings within the Program are indicated: planning and preparation for the meeting (goal setting and detailed planning); choice of locations, according to pre-thought-out criteria; the meeting itself (lectures and practical training, joint operations in 7 cities of Ukraine); further observation, assessment of the impact and results of the meeting, as well as planning of long-term cooperation. Analysis of the concrete results of cooperation is one of the most important stages of international cooperation, as it not only increases its efficiency but also ensures the targeted use of funds. It is determined that important factors that increase the effectiveness of interstate programs in the field of medicine are awareness of cooperation at the diplomatic level, coordinated cooperation at the local level, selection of reliable partners for cooperation, systematic contacts, activities, targeted, premeditated assistance, careful selection of applicants, changes in the means of communication in today's challenges. The work of the above-mentioned medical Ukraine Paediatric Fellowship Program can serve as an example of the organization of international cooperation in various directions of social and political life of modern Ukraine, and a guarantee of its high efficiency in clear strategic planning.

scholarly journals The relationship between the sovereignty of member states and the supernationality of international organizations

2020 ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
Olga Shpakovych ◽  
Sofia Penkovska
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
International Organization ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
The Eu

The article presents the result of theoretical and practical study of the relationship between state sovereignty and supranationalityof international organizations. In particular, it is determined that the phenomenon of supranationality of international organizations isderived from state sovereignty and acts as its external law. It has been shown that, in view of this, supranationality is limited becauseit arises through the exercise of sovereignty by states, and, accordingly, is limited by the amount of state sovereignty exercised by states.The relevant mechanism has also been studied on the example of the functioning of the European Union.Regarding the theoretical results, the following should be noted. First, it was proved that despite the different approaches of scho -lars to the understanding of supranationality, definitions of this concept and the separation of its features (properties), in each case,supranationality is a direct realization of state sovereignty. At the same time, the realization of state sovereignty in relation to such pro -perties of international organizations as supranational is primary, and supranationality in this case is derivative. In addition, the phenomenonof supranationality of international organizations due to the fact that it is derived is limited, because supranationality arisesthrough the exercise of sovereignty by states, and, accordingly, is limited by the amount of state sovereignty exercised by states. Thatis why when analyzing the relationship between the supranationality of international organizations and state sovereignty, one cannotconsider the priority of one of the two, because supranationality is in essence a manifestation of state sovereignty.Regarding the practical results, the author considers it appropriate to emphasize that both the regional international organization –the EU was studied, and, at the same time, it was proved that all theoretical provisions were reflected in practice, in particular, envisagedfunctions, goals and the tasks of the studied international organizations are limited in scope by the manifestation of sovereignty shownby states, similar to the regulations issued by organizations. Another indication that the state can exercise its sovereignty in any case isthat there is an effective and transparent procedure for leaving these organizations

scholarly journals Why, sometimes, primaries? Intraparty democratization as a default selection mechanism in German and Spanish mainstream parties

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Astudillo ◽  
Klaus Detterbeck
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Selection Mechanism ◽  
Leadership Selection ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Western Democracies ◽  
Selection Of

In many Western democracies, political parties have started to open to members the selection of their leaders. While most studies focus on the introduction of this new selection method, its subsequent practice is still understudied. The article contributes to our still limited knowledge of this process by looking at two multilevel countries, Germany and Spain, where the mainstream parties have sometimes organized membership ballots, especially at the regional level, for leadership selection. Thanks to two original databases on party conferences and membership ballots, the article analyzes the background of this process and reviews the most common explanations offered by the literature. It shows that they are not held when parties want to regain power, or party chairs seek their nomination, as commonly believed, but when there are intraparty leadership disputes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document