Experimental seismic response of a column-and-tie wooden structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1909-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyang Xue ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Liangjie Qi
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Seismic Line ◽  
Wooden Structure ◽  
Sliding Isolation ◽  
And Performance

A half-scale model of a two-story and two-span column-and-tie wooden structure was fabricated and tested on the shaking table to assess the seismic behavior of the structure under various base input intensities. The dynamic characteristics, acceleration response, displacement response and shear force distributions were measured and assessed. Besides, the cumulative hysteretic energy dissipation performance of the model was analyzed. The test results revealed that with the increasing magnitude of earthquake excitation, the natural frequency and stiffness of the model structure decreased, and the damping ratio increased. The acceleration amplification factor of each layer fluctuated between 0.286 and 1.383. The wooden house is directly placed on the concrete slab, which to some extent plays a role in sliding isolation. The model dissipates seismic energy mainly by the first layer. When the earthquake excitation was 0.22 g and 0.40 g, the model responded seriously, and the maximum inter-story drifts of the model was 1/65 and 1/35, respectively. When the earthquake input reached 0.5 g, the structure did not collapse. This demonstrates that the wooden structure has strong capability of lateral resistance and deformation resistance. Furthermore, the wooden wallboard component acts as the first seismic line under earthquake excitation, meeting the characteristics of “A wall falls down, while the house will not collapse.” This article can help guide the seismic design and performance assessment of traditional wooden constructions.

Seismic response of a light steel structure integrated building with steel mortise–tenon connections

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1225-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nianqiang Zhou ◽  
Weixing Shi ◽  
Jiazeng Shang
Keyword(s):  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Seismic Behaviour ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
House Structure

Mortise–tenon joints play a crucial role in traditional timber structures to resist service and earthquake loading. In this work, the steel mortise–tenon connection from a traditional timber house was extracted and developed for a lightweight steel structure integrated building. This article presents a study on the dynamic performance of an integrated steel house with steel mortise–tenon connections. A shaking table test was conducted with a full-scale model and various excitation intensities. Various parameters, including the natural frequency, the equivalent stiffness of the structure, the structural damping ratio, the acceleration response and the displacement response, were analysed and discussed. In the test, the model frequencies decreased from 15.19 to less than 13.38 Hz, while the damping ratio increased by 32.6%. The test model survived all the input earthquake excitations (peak ground acceleration of up to 1.0 g) with only minor damage, indicating the good seismic resilience of the building. The test results demonstrate that the integrated house structure with steel mortise–tenon connections is a good solution for withstanding earthquakes. An integrated structure bounded by a steel mortise–tenon system with proper design typically exhibits good seismic behaviour and can resist earthquake under different seismic levels in practice.

Crack Analysis of Reinforced Wooden Housing Model through Shaking Table Test in Villages and Towns

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Jing He ◽  
Yan Hui Zhang ◽  
Cun Lei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Crack Analysis ◽  
Damage Characteristics ◽  
Wooden Structure

The paper is special for wooden structure housing in villages and towns, and taken appropriate reinforced measures to achieve the standard of seismic design of no collapse in big or medium earthquakes. The 1/2 scale model that loaded horizontally on the shaking table was designed to observe its damage characteristics and make an analysis of its destruction. And the effectiveness of the reinforced method will be assessed.

Experimental Investigation on the Seismic Performance of a Chinese Traditional Wooden Pagoda

2016 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Jie Wu ◽  
Xiao Bin Song ◽  
Lie Luo
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Amplification Coefficient ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration Amplification

To investigate the seismic performance of the traditional Chinese timber structure, a one-fifth scale model of a seven-story pavilion-style wooden pagoda was tested on a shaking table. An artificial wave and two natural earthquake waves were used. Different excitation intensities ranging from frequent-met level to rare-met level of 7 degree as specified in Chinese code were mainly considered. White noise excitations were applied to obtain the change of the dynamic characteristics of the model. The identification results of dynamic characteristics indicated that the model’s damping ratio was more than 0.1, and the first natural frequency decreased by 17% with the corresponding damping ratio increased by 46% after the earthquake excitations. Typical components which including ludous and sandous were observed with splitting perpendicular- to-wood-grain under rare-met earthquake excitations, but other structural members were not found noticeable damage. The maximum acceleration amplification coefficient of the top point was 2.46, and the maximum displacement was 239 mm. Small residual deformation was detected under the rare-met earthquake excitations. The experiment implied the extraordinary seismic performance of such kind of structures.

scholarly journals Shaking Table Tests of Suspended Structures Equipped with Viscous Dampers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhua Cai ◽  
Bujun Yu ◽  
Sakdirat Kaewunruen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Structure ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Peak Acceleration ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Viscous Dampers ◽  
Suspended Structure

In this study, a series of shaking table tests of a ten storey concrete suspended structure equipped with viscous dampers were carried out to evaluate the dynamic responses and vibration damping performance of suspended structures. The effects of link types between the primary structure and suspended floors and different seismic excitations on the response of suspended structure models was verified. The responses include the damping ratio, the frequency, maximum relative displacements, accelerations and maximum strains of the suspended structures. Test results showed that the damping ratio and the frequency of suspended structures installed with dampers (called damping suspended structure) are adjusted compared with a conventional suspended structure with rigid-bar links (conventional suspended structure). Maximum relative displacements of the primary structure of the damping suspended structure were distinctly smaller than those of the conventional suspended structure. However, the maximum relative displacement between the primary structure and the suspended floors of the damping suspended structure was significantly larger than that of the conventional structure, indicating that the swing of the suspended floor can help dissipate seismic energy. The peak acceleration and acceleration amplification factors of the damping suspended structure were less than the conventional suspended structure. Moreover, the peak acceleration response of the damping suspended structure was slightly behind the conventional suspended structure. The damping suspended structure certainly had a considerable and stable reduction for strain response, and the maximum strain response was decreased by 42.3%–72.7% for the damping suspended structure compared with the conventional suspended structure.

Shaking table experiment of a recycled concrete block masonry building structure with a ‘self-contained’ structural system

2020 ◽  
pp. 136943322095682
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Ding ◽  
Zhongfan Chen ◽  
Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Concrete Blocks

This paper proposed a ‘self-contained’ structural system for structural columns and ring beams and used recycled concrete blocks (RCBs) as wall materials. Based on this design concept, a full-scale model of a new masonry building structure was established. The Castaic wave, the Taft wave, and an artificial wave were sequentially input to the shaking table, and the effects of different ground motions on the structural model were simulated. The changes in the natural frequency and damping ratio of the test model and the acceleration, displacement, and strain responses of the structure were studied under different seismic wave excitations. Finally, the overall seismic resistance of the model was determined. The results showed that the ‘self-contained’ structure system exhibited excellent cooperative performance. Moreover, the test model can fully meet the degree-7 seismic fortification requirements, in which the damage sustained from small earthquakes is not substantial, the damage sustained from moderate earthquakes can be repaired, and the damage sustained from large earthquakes does not cause structural failure. The results showed that RCBs can replace ordinary concrete blocks in practical engineering projects. However, the construction measures for the door and window openings should be strengthened in actual projects.

Full‐scale shake‐table tests on two unreinforced masonry cavity‐wall buildings: effect of an innovative timber retrofit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Miglietta ◽  
Nicolò Damiani ◽  
Gabriele Guerrini ◽  
Francesco Graziotti
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cavity Wall ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Shake Table ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

AbstractTwo full-scale building specimens were tested on the shake-table at the EUCENTRE Foundation laboratories in Pavia (Italy), to assess the effectiveness of an innovative timber retrofit solution, within a comprehensive research campaign on the seismic vulnerability of existing Dutch unreinforced masonry structures. The buildings represented the end-unit of a two-storey terraced house typical of the North-Eastern Netherlands, a region affected by induced seismicity over the last few decades. This building typology is particularly vulnerable to earthquake excitation due to lack of seismic details and irregular distribution of large openings in masonry walls. Both specimens were built with the same geometry. Their structural system consisted of cavity walls, with interior load-bearing calcium-silicate leaf and exterior clay veneer, and included a first-floor reinforced concrete slab, a second-floor timber framing, and a roof timber structure supported by masonry gables. A timber retrofit was designed and installed inside the second specimen, providing an innovative sustainable, light-weight, reversible, and cost-effective technique, which could be extensively applied to actual buildings. Timber frames were connected to the interior surface of the masonry walls and completed by oriented strands boards nailed to them. The second-floor timber diaphragm was stiffened and strengthened by a layer of oriented-strand boards, nailed to the existing joists and to additional blocking elements through the existing planks. These interventions resulted also in improved wall-to-diaphragm connections with the inner leaf at both floors, while steel ties were added between the cavity-wall leaves. The application of the retrofit system favored a global response of the building with increased lateral capacities of the masonry walls. This paper describes in detail the bare and retrofitted specimens, compares the experimental results obtained through similar incremental dynamic shake-table test protocols up to near-collapse conditions, and identifies damage states and damage limits associated with displacements and deformations.

Experimental Study on Non-Perpendicular Frame Structure of Tall Building

2008 ◽  
Vol 400-402 ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
Wei Xing Shi ◽  
Cheng Qing Liu ◽  
Xi Lin Lu ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Prototype Structure ◽  
Table Model ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Whiplash Effect ◽  
Shaking Table Model Test

A shaking table model test is conducted for Guangzhou West Tower to study its seismic behavior in State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering at Tongji University. Guangzhou West Tower adopts a new structure system and the significant characteristic of this system is the non-perpendicular frame arranged around the building, acting both as columns and bracings. Based on the similarity theory and member equivalent principle，a 1/80 scale model of this building is made of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA). The model’s dynamic characteristics, earthquake-resistant behavior, responses of acceleration and deformation under different wave peak values are investigated, then the seismic responses of the prototype structure are deduced and analyzed. The whiplash effect of the prototype structure is studied, and the weak position of the structure is found out. The experiment results demonstrate that it is feasible to apply this structural type to practical engineering. Finally, some suggestions for the engineering design of the prototype structure are put forward.

Earthquake induced floor accelerations on a high-rise building: Scale model tests on a shaking table

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rizzo ◽  
Alessandro Pagliaroli ◽  
Giuseppe Maddaloni ◽  
Antonio Occhiuzzi ◽  
Andrea Prota
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Soil Structure Interaction ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Story Building

<p>The paper discusses results of shaking table tests on an in-scale high-rise building model. The purpose was to calibrate a dynamic numerical model for multi-hazard analyses to investigate the effects of floor acceleration. Accelerations, because of vibration of non-structural elements, affect both the comfort and safety of people. The research investigates the acceleration effects of both seismic and wind forces on an aeroelastic in-scale model of a multi-story building. The paper discusses the first phase of experiments and gives results of floor accelerations induced by several different base seismic impulses. Structural analyses were first performed on the full-scale prototype to take soil-structure interaction into account. Subsequently the scale model was designed through aeroelastic scale laws. Shaking table experiments were then carried out under different base accelerations. The response of the model and, in particular, amplification of effects from base to top are discussed.</p>

A 1-g shaking table investigation on response of a micropile system to earthquake excitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Jalilian Mashhoud ◽  
Jian-Hua Yin ◽  
Ali Komak Panah ◽  
Yat Fai Leung
Keyword(s):  
Shaking Table ◽  
Earthquake Excitation

scholarly journals Influence of Structure on the Aseismic Stability and Dynamic Responses of Liquefiable Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Dou ◽  
Chengshun Xu ◽  
Xiuli Du ◽  
Su Chen
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Seismic Stability ◽  
Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Liquefiable Soil ◽  
Porewater Pressure ◽  
Lateral Displacements

Abstract In previous major earthquakes, the damage and collapse of structures located in liquefied field which caused by site failure a common occurrence, and the problem of evaluation and disscusion on site liquefaction and the seismic stability is still a key topic in geotechnical earthquake engineering. To study the influence of the presence of structure on the seismic stability of liquefiable sites, a series of shaking table tests on liquefiable free field and non-free field with the same soil sample was carried out. It can be summarized from experimental results as following. The natural frequency of non-free field is larger and the damping ratio is smaller than that of free field. For the weak seismic loading condition, the dynamic response of sites show similar rules and trend. For the strong ground motion condition, soils in both experiments all liquefied obviously and the depth of liquefaction soil in the free field is significantly greater than that in the non-free field, besides, porewater pressure in the non-free field accumulated relately slow and the dissapited quikly from analysis of porewater pressure ratios(PPRs) in both experiments. The amplitudes of lateral displacements and acceleration of soil in the non-free field is obviously smaller than that in the free field caused by the effect of presence of the structure. In a word, the presence of structures will lead to the increase of site stiffness, site more difficult to liquefy, and the seismic stability of the non-free site is higher than that of the free site due to soil-structure interaction.

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