Optimization of process parameters for plasma arc welding of austenitic stainless steel (304 L) with low carbon steel (A-36)

2015 ◽  
Vol 230 (2) ◽  
pp. 640-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Fatima ◽  
Mushtaq Khan ◽  
Syed Husain Imran Jaffery ◽  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Mohammad Mujahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Plasma Arc Welding ◽  
Plasma Arc ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel 304

scholarly journals Measurement and Simulation of Low Carbon Steel Alloy Deposit Temperature in plasma Arc Welding Additive Manufacturing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alhuzaim ◽  
R. Bruce Madigan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Plasma Arc Welding ◽  
Plasma Arc ◽  
Low Carbon

Additive manufacturing has the potential to produce near-net shape parts directly from weld metal. Prior work has proved that it is possible to directly manufacture components with complex geometric features and with good productivity. However, under high productivity conditions, deposit temperature increases to a level that it is no longer possible to develop appropriate deposit microstructure and therefore mechanical properties. In this study, Plasma Arc welding was used to produce experimental deposits of 1018 low carbon steel under various conditions. An analytical heat flow model was developed to study the influence of interlayer wait time on deposit temperature and therefore grain size and hardness. The results of the model indicated that as wall height increased, the rate of deposit heat removal by conduction to the substrate decreased leading to a higher preheat temperature after a fixed interlayer wait time causing grain size to increase as wall height increased. However, the model results also show that as wall height increased, the deposit surface area from which heat energy is lost via convection and radiation increased. The model also demonstrated that the use of a means of forced convection to rapidly remove heat from the deposit could be an effective way to boost productivity and maintain smaller grain size and therefore higher hardness and strength in the deposit.

Effect of Filler Metals on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Low Carbon Steel and 316L Stainless Steel Welded Joints

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Mamat ◽  
E. Hamzah ◽  
Z. Ibrahim ◽  
A.M. Rohah ◽  
A. Bahador
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Base ◽  
Welding Electrode

In this paper, dissimilar joining of 316L stainless steel to low carbon steel was carried out using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Samples were welded using AWS: ER309L welding electrode for GMAW and AWS: ER316L welding electrode for GTAW process. Determination of mechanical properties and material characterization on the welded joints were carried out using the Instron tensile test machine and an optical microscope respectively. The cross section area of the welded joint consists of three main areas namely the base metal (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ), and weld metal (WM). It was found that, the yield and tensile strengths of welded samples using ER316L filler metal were slightly higher than the welded sample using ER309L welding electrode. All welded samples fractured at low carbon steel base metal indicating that the regions of ER316L stainless steel base metal, ER316L filler metal and heat affected zone (HAZ) have a higher strength than low carbon steel base metal. It was also found that ER316L welding electrode was the best filler to be used for welding two dissimilar metals between carbon and stainless steel.

Study on Process and Defect of Arc Welding

2014 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 770-774
Author(s):  
Li Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Flat Punch ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Material Forming

This paper welds a layer of austenitic stainless steel (SS316L) on specimen of low carbon steel (C15) with a cylindrical surface using MIG Technology in the experiment. The sample was upsetting experiment, cracks and material forming observation respectively using embossing punch, no lubrication flat punch and lubrication flat punch under the condition of 750 °C, 900 °C and 1050 °C. The paper research on forming mechanism of the specimen under laboratory conditions based on the experimental results, the axial symmetry theory model and Numerical Simulation.

Electrochemical Corrosion Characteristic of Structured Low Carbon Steel DC04 and Stainless Steel 304 Sheets in Sodium Chloride Solution

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1736-1743
Author(s):  
Elena Kornienko ◽  
Ralf Ossenbrink ◽  
Vesselin Michailov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sheet Metals ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel 304

In this work structured sheet metals were investigated using electrochemical measurement techniques. The main purpose is obtaining fundamental information about the corrosion resistance of structured sheet metals in comparison to smooth sheet metals as well determination of the influence of the structuring process on the corrosion properties. The corrosion resistance of structured sheet metals is affected by manufacturing process. One of the main influence factors is the change of the surface roughness. In this study the low carbon steel DC04 and the stainless steel 304 (X5CrNi18-10) were investi-gated. The electrochemical tests were carried out in 3%-NaCl solution. Potentiodynamic linear polarization was used to determine such electrochemical characteristics as the free corrosion potential, the corrosion current, the pitting and protection potential. Furthermore, the corrosion rate was calculated for smooth and structured sheet metals of the low carbon steel DC04. For the stainless steel 304 the pitting density was estimated. The surface roughness was measured for both materials. The electrochemical corrosion tests show a small difference in the corrosion behaviour of structured and smooth sheet metals. Structured sheet metals have a lower corrosion resistance than smooth sheet metals. The steel DC04 shows the worst corrosion properties at the structure location “negative” in comparison to the structure location “positive”. The corrosion resistance of the stainless steel 304 is better at the structure location “negative” than at the structure location “positive”. Moreover, the results show the correlation between the surface roughness and the corrosion resistance for structured sheet metals.

Characterization of Duplex Stainless Steel/Cold Reduced Low Carbon Steel Dissimilar Weld Joints by GTAW

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 780-788
Author(s):  
D. Devakumar ◽  
D.B. Jabaraj ◽  
V.K. Bupesh Raja ◽  
P. Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Weld Joints ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mechanical and metallurgical properties of dissimilar metal weld joints between duplex stainless steel/Cold Reduced low carbon Steel (CRS) by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process. The dissimilar 2 mm thickness plates of duplex stainless steel and cold reduced low carbon steel, conforming to AISI 2205 and IS 513_2008 CR2_D were butt welded by means of gas tungsten arc welding using argon as shielding gas. The butt welding joint arrangement was used for this experiment using E 309L electrode as filler metal. The joints were investigated for mechanical properties and microstructure. Tensile, Hardness and bend tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties. Optical microscopy was used to explore the microstructure. The micro structural examination of the weld region revealed dendritic delta ferrite. Micro examination of DSS base metal revealed elongated grains of austenite (white) with ferrite (Brown). Micro examination of CRS base metal discloses deformed grains of ferrite present in the matrix. Fracture analysis was conducted for the failure part with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and found ductile fracture occurred at CR steel side.

Estimation of Some Mechanical Properties for Similar & Dissimilar Welded Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Abdullah Daie'e Assi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Dissimilar Metals ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Type

This research deals with the choice of the suitable filler metal to weld the similar and dissimilar metals (Low carbon steel type A516 & Austenitic stainless steel type 316L) under constant conditions such as, plate thickness (6 mm), voltage (78 v), current (120 A), straight polarity. This research deals with three major parts. The first parts Four types of electrodes were used for welding of dissimilar metals (C.St A516 And St.St 316L) two from mild steel (E7018, E6013) and other two from austenitic stainless steel (E309L, E308L) various inspection were carried out include (Visual T., X-ray T., δ- Ferrite phase T., and Microstructures T.) and mechanical testing include (tensile T., bending T. and micro hardness T.) The second parts done by used the same parameters to welding similar metals from (C.St A516) Or (St.St 316L). The third parts deals with welding of dissimilar weldments (C.St And St.St) by two processes, gas tungsten are welding (GTAW) and shielded metal are welding (SMAW).        The results indicated that the spread of carbon from low carbon steel to the welding zone in the case of welding stainless steel elect pole (E309L) led to Configuration Carbides and then high hardness the link to high values ​​compared with the base metal. In most similar weldments showed hardness of the welding area is  higher than the hardness of the base metal. The electrode (E309L) is the most suitable to welding dissimilar metals from (C.St A516 With St.St 316L). The results also showed that the method of welding (GTAW) were better than the method of welding (SMAW) in dissimilar welded joints (St.St 316L with C.St A516) in terms of irregular shape and integrity of the welding defects, as well as characterized this weldments the high-lift and resistance ductility good when using the welding conditions are similar.

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