Paradigmatic literacy features in children’s argumentation in peer talk

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-251
Author(s):  
Sara Zadunaisky Ehrlich
Keyword(s):  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Peer Talk ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

Paradigmatic literacy features refer to ways of thinking and using language associated with academic-scientific discourse or written language. They are intimately bound up with education and appear in their emergent forms, mainly in conversations with adult partners. The present qualitative study investigates whether, and in which ways, paradigmatic literacy features emerge in pre-schoolers and fourth graders' argumentation in natural peer interactions. Segments of peer talk identified as argumentative discursive events served as our basic unit of analysis and were analysed from a discourse analytic perspective. The findings indicate that paradigmatic literacy features are embedded in peer talk at the macro level, in talk of an exploratory nature when children detach themselves from the ‘here and now’ and apply paradigmatic ways of thinking. Similarly, specific linguistic configurations related to academic discourse that manifest authority and degrees of distancing or abstractedness feature in children’s natural conversations as well. In both cases, paradigmatic literacy features fulfil social functions in peer talk. In light of the current findings, we discuss the potential contribution of peer talk to the wider context of dialogism, as well as the scope of literacy beyond the modality in question.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL COUNTRY RANKINGS AS A SОCIOECONOMIC PHENOMENON AND A NEW INSTRUMENT OF GLOBAL GOVERNMENT SOFT POWER

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijana Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Country Rankings ◽  
Global Government

One of the fundamental determinants of the last waveof the globalization process is the emergence and expansionof international country (economy) rankings.The popularity of these lists is increasing day by day.However, despite their widespread use, the existingbody of scientific knowledge about this complex socioeconomicphenomenon is modest, at best. Since internationalcountry rankings represent a relatively newphenomenon and an “industry” characterized by explosivegrowth, the paper will present the basic theoreticalfoundations of the phenomenon, with particular emphasison the economic dimension. The concept will beanalyzed through the context of mechanisms that determinethe appearance and functioning of global societytoday. It will also be noted that the international rankinglists which use the economic systems of countriesas the basic unit of analysis, i.e. certain elements of thegiven system, are a suitable instrument for shaping aneconomic reality and development flows of a modernsociety in accordance with the goals of certain interestgroups and centers of power. The findings that will bepresented in this paper constitute a prerequisite and astarting point for extensive research on the issues of internationalcountry rankings, especially regarding theimpact of this phenomenon on the economic sphere ofsociety.

scholarly journals Change recipients’ resistance and salience to organizational re-creation: the effects of participation and coercion strategies on change derailment

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazeed Mohammad R. Alhezzani
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Stakeholder Salience ◽  
Change Initiatives ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stakeholder Salience Theory

Purpose For change initiatives to succeed, change managers are required to address recipients’ needs. Although strategies to deal with change recipients and their resistance are widely explored, there is a dearth of studies that consider the different salience of change recipients. This paper aims to propose a framework on the effects of participation and coercion as strategies to deal with change recipients and their impact on change derailment. Design/methodology/approach Conceptual based upon that change recipients are classified into three levels according to their salience in relation to change. Based upon the recipients’ power and legitimacy in relation to change, stakeholder salience theory constitutes a theoretical provision used in this research to categorize the salience of change recipients. Findings The framework integrates change recipients’ salience levels (i.e. definitive, expectant and latent) and the effects of participation and coercion strategies on change derailment in times of organizational re-creation. The paper develops six hypotheses, which yield insights that advance the understanding of dealing with change recipients in the context of organizational re-creation. Research limitations/implications The paper is conceptual and not yet tested empirically. To empirically test the framework, research adopting survey methodology to gather data from organizations that experience a re-creation change as defined in this paper. The unit of analysis for future research is described in this paper and it is how organizational re-creation is defined in this paper. Originality/value Stakeholder salience theory is used to develop a framework that combines three classes of change recipients’ salience, as well as the effects of two strategies to deal with them and their resistance (i.e. lack of involvement and coercion) to examine their influence on change derailment. The potential contribution will expand the current literature discussed in this paper about dealing with change recipients’ resistance to change.

Corporate Crime and the Use of Science in the Case of Asbestos: Producing Harm Through Discursive Shields

2020 ◽  
pp. 2631309X2097871
Author(s):  
Marília de Nardin de Nardin Budó
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
International Division ◽  
Industry Funding ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Mineral Fiber ◽  
Scientific Labor ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

This article focuses on the normalization of victimization and harms caused by asbestos, a carcinogenic mineral fiber. To understand the role played by science in hiding the wounds and deaths caused by corporations, the article starts presenting the example of Brazil, where scientific discourse of foreign experts with industry ties are influencing regulation. From there, I examine the disputes for truth in six different medical journals through grounded theory. The results show that authors use some strategies to achieve credibility: avoiding to acknowlegde industry funding; constructing a specific meaning for the controversy about asbestos risks; and reflecting about the consequences os research misconducts. The ways of thinking about asbestos riks and harms are migrating through the international division of scientific labor, both to spread harm and to avoid liability of powerful agents.

Models and Applications as Advanced Organizers

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Richard A. Lesh ◽  
Howard Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Seventh Graders ◽  
Instructional Unit ◽  
Northwestern University ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Advanced Organizer ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Concrete Model

This study involved 240 fourth graders and 240 seventh graders from four North Chicago schools. It was a replication and extension of an unpublished doctoral dissertation that was conducted by Johnson at Northwestern University in 1973. The objective of the study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of four different types of advanced organizers when they were used to introduce a 30-minute self-instructional unit about elementary concepts in motion geometry. One type of organizer used several simple applications to introduce intuitively the ideas that were in the unit; another type of organizer used only a single application: another used several concrete models; and the fourth used a single concrete model. In addition to comparing the four basic types of organizers, experimental treatments compared children who received an organizer before reading the basic unit (i.e., an advanced organizer) with children who received an organizer after they had completed the basic unit (i.e., a post organizer): and it compared children who worked on the organizer in small groups with children who worked individually.

scholarly journals Multimodality and dubbing in video games: A research approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mejías-Climent
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Do So

This article discusses a new taxonomy of dubbing synchronies in the Spanish localized version of the video game Batman: Arkham Knight. To do so, the concept of the video game is first reviewed as the most sophisticated example of audiovisual text in terms of its multimodal nature. The article also describes how the message is conveyed through the different communication channels that form a part of its semiotic structure. Next, the research approach proposal is presented, based on the multimodal configuration of video games: game situations will be the unit of analysis used in this approach, since they are a basic unit with which to organize the content of a game and they distinguish video games as a unique type of audiovisual text. These game situations are used to analyse the specific features of dubbing and types of synchrony. Finally, some results are offered to confirm that the taxonomy of dubbing in video games discussed here applies to this particular case.

scholarly journals Holarchic HCI and Augmented Psychology ("AugPsy")

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Sood
Keyword(s):  
Learning Experience ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
The Self ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Flow Experience ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Optimal Flow ◽  
Role Playing Games ◽  
Significant Events

Consciousness enables experience, and each can be placed on a spectrum [1, 14]. Experience is more robust andmultidirectional, though the possibility exists for it to be bidirectional (particularly for the geometrician working along a line, but also generally when considering between two given options). Consciousness is synonymous informally with awareness. When one is conscious, they are aware, and vice versa. Awareness can be quantified in terms of being “greater” or “lesser”. For example, one may be more aware of certain aspects of experience than others given selective attention.Experience is the basic unit of analysis for phenomenology. While experience may be operationalized as qualia to address“what things are like” [20], the former may also be treated as a formal primitive. Phenomena are events as they appear to orpresent themselves for conscious perceivers. In ordinary use, experiences are assumed to be significant events or happenings.Phenomenal experience is qualitative. It is characterized as such by description through adjectives (e.g., “good” or “bad”).Experiences can be categorized into types, e.g. into the learning kind (as in the “learning experience”). If an experience is rich,then it has richness that may be qualified—described further in terms of what makes it so—or quantified. Growth may result from the victorious experience. This is so in battle-based role playing games (RPGs), where successfully defeating one’s opponent earns experience points that contribute to the possible level-up of one or more of the player’s team members (as in Pokémon and Fire Emblem, two of the most popular Japanese action-adventure RPG series).It is posited that the self, after being immersed in something greater than it, has potential to emerge greater than it was prior [2, 3]. Positive psychology recognizes such an immersed state as being one of flow or engagement. Subjective immersion [6] can be reported on to certain extents of meaningfulness and accuracy. Immersion can be qualified, e.g. via description of an activity’s meaning to the human actor, or perhaps quantified. Perhaps the optimal flow experience is only quantifiable as being infinitelyenjoyable, enriching, engaging, and/or meaningful, among other possible measures.

scholarly journals Discourse Analysis: Interpreting Repertoires

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berliani ◽  
Hermanola
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Neutral Medium ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The World

This article is a preprint of DA project. This study intended to describe approaches and explain the value of the interpretative repertoire as the first basic unit of analysis in Discourse Analysis. This study employ a methodological approach in wide form both in social psychology as well as modern theories of empirical exemplary discourse; the development of 'race' relationships. The data reveals and predicts that language and people are separate entities, and the language is a neutral medium between social actors and the world. This analysis tends to look for similar rather than variations within and across accounts, to merge accounts into categories like "attitude," and to shrink or ignore social action locations.

scholarly journals Eye-tracking multi-word units: some methodological questions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Carrol ◽  
Kathy Conklin
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Formulaic Language ◽  
Unit Of Analysis

Eye-tracking in linguistics has focused mainly on reading at the level of the word or sentence. In this paper we discuss how the phenomenon of formulaic language might best be examined using this methodology. Formulaic language is fundamentally multi-word in nature, therefore an approach to eye-tracking that considers the “word” as the basic unit of analysis may require re-evaluation. We review the existing literature on single word and sentence processing, and also those studies that have used eye-tracking as a way of investigating formulaic language to date. We discuss how eye-tracking might elucidate the “added extra” processing advantage for formulaic language. We conclude with some suggestions about the best way to utilise eye-tracking within this sub-field of linguistic investigation.

СТРАСТЬ КАК ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ МОТИВА НАСИЛЬСТВЕННОГО ПРЕСТУПНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 572-580
Author(s):  
О. М. Ігнатов
Keyword(s):  
Basic Unit ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Violent Criminal

В статье осуществлен анализ проблемы мотивации насильственного преступного по­ведения в криминолого-психологическом и теологическом научном дискурсивном поле. В качестве основной единицы анализа мотивационной сферы личности преступника была выбрана категория страсти, рассматриваемая в структурах духовно-психобиологической сферы личности совершающего насильственное преступление. Раскрыта роль и функции страсти как глубинной основы мотивации насильственного преступного поведения.   In the article the analysis of problem of motivation of violent criminal behaviour is carried out in crime-psychological and the theology scientific discursive zone. As basic unit of analysis of motivational sphere of personality of criminal were the category of passion, examined in the structures of spiritual-psychobiological sphere of personality of accomplishing crime of violence, is chosen. A role and functions of passion are exposed as deep basis of motivation of violent criminal behaviour.

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