scholarly journals The impact of dementia in the prison setting: A systematic review

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1509-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Brooke ◽  
Alicia Diaz-Gil ◽  
Debra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Prison Setting ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

Older prisoners are the fastest growing group in the prison population, with an accelerated aging process they are at a high risk of developing dementia. However, no systematic review has explored the impact of dementia in the prison setting. The objectives of this review were to identify the prevalence of dementia in the prison setting and how prison, health and social care providers assess, diagnose, treat, support and care for prisoners with dementia. A systematic search of the literature from the following databases was undertaken: CINHAL, PubMed, BNI, PsychINFO, and MEDLINE. Search strategies were tailored for each database and included recognised Medical Subject Headings. Hand searching of prominent journals in correctional services and dementia, as well as reference lists of included papers was completed. Open Grey website was searched to identify relevant government, local council and charity publications regarding dementia in the prison setting. The appropriate Critical Appraisal Skills Programmes Checklist for all included studies was completed. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 studies were included in the review. Due to the nature of the data extracted, a meta-synthesis was not possible; therefore, a thematic synthesis was completed. Three themes emerged: prevalence of dementia in the prison population, identification of older prisoner’s needs, and knowledge of correctional officers and legal professionals. The prevalence and incidence of dementia in prison populations remain largely unknown. There is a need for national policies and local strategies that support a multi-disciplinary approach to early detection, screening and diagnosis of cognitive impairment and dementia across prison settings. Alongside the development of structured prison environments, non-pharmacological interventions, continued assessment of prisoners with a dynamic care plan, and training for health, social and prison staff and prisoners.

scholarly journals The Impact of Diagnostic Criteria for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Adverse Maternal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz ◽  
Razieh Bidhendi Yarandi ◽  
Samira Behboudi-Gandevani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria ◽  
The Impact

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the impact of different gestational-diabetes (GDM) diagnostic-criteria on the risk of adverse-maternal-outcomes. The search process encompassed PubMed (Medline), Scopus, and Web of Science databases to retrieve original, population-based studies with the universal GDM screening approach, published in English language and with a focus on adverse-maternal-outcomes up to January 2020. According to GDM diagnostic criteria, the studies were classified into seven groups. A total of 49 population-based studies consisting of 1409018 pregnant women with GDM and 7,667,546 non-GDM counterparts were selected for data analysis and knowledge synthesis. Accordingly, the risk of adverse-maternal-outcomes including primary-cesarean, induction of labor, maternal-hemorrhage, and pregnancy-related-hypertension, overall, regardless of GDM diagnostic-criteria and in all diagnostic-criteria subgroups were significantly higher than non-GDM counterparts. However, in meta-regression, the increased risk was not influenced by the GDM diagnostic-classification and the magnitude of the risks among patients, using the IADPSG criteria-classification as the most strict-criteria, was similar to other criteria. In conclusion, a reduction in the diagnostic-threshold increased the prevalence of GDM, but the risk of adverse-maternal-outcome was not different among those women who were diagnosed through more or less intensive strategies. Our review findings can empower health-care-providers to select the most cost-effective approach for the screening of GDM among pregnant women.

scholarly journals THE SAFEST REVIEW: THE SHOCK-ABSORBING FLOORING EFFECTIVENESS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW IN CARE SETTINGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S492-S493
Author(s):  
Amy K Drahota ◽  
Bethany E Keenan ◽  
Chantelle Lachance ◽  
Lambert Felix ◽  
James P Raftery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Clinical Trial Registries ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Implementation Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Falls in hospitals and care homes are a major issue of international concern. Falls cost the US $34 billion a year, with injurious falls being particularly life-limiting and costly. Shock-absorbing flooring decreases the stiffness of the ground surface to reduce the impact of a fall. There is a growing body of evidence on flooring for fall-related injury prevention, however no systematic review exists to inform practice. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the clinical and cost-effectiveness of shock-absorbing flooring use for fall-related injury prevention in care settings. We searched six databases, clinical trial registries, conference proceedings, theses/dissertations, websites, reference lists, conducted forward citation searches, and liaised with experts in the field. We conducted study selection, data collection, and critical appraisal independently in duplicate. We evaluated the influence of shock-absorbing flooring on fall-related injuries, falls, and staff work-related injuries. We adopted a mixed methods approach considering evidence from randomised, non-randomised, economic, qualitative, and implementation studies. We assessed and reported the quality of outcomes using the GRADE approach and Summary of Findings Tables. This review, conducted over the course of 2019, summarises the certainty of the evidence on whether and which shock-absorbing floors influence injuries from falls, the chance of someone falling over, and work-related injuries in staff (e.g. from manoeuvring equipment across softer floors). Our findings are applicable to health and social care professionals, buildings and facilities managers, carers, older adults, architects, and designers. Funded by National Institute for Health Research, Health Technology Assessment (ref 17/148/11); registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019118834).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of early assessment and intervention by interdisciplinary teams including health and social care professionals in the emergency department: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e023464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marica Cassarino ◽  
Katie Robinson ◽  
Rosie Quinn ◽  
Breda Naddy ◽  
Andrew O’Regan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Interdisciplinary Teams ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionFinding cost-effective strategies to improve patient care in the emergency department (ED) is an increasing imperative given growing numbers of ED attendees. Encouraging evidence indicates that interdisciplinary teams including health and social care professionals (HSCPs) enhance patient care across a variety of healthcare settings. However, to date no systematic reviews of the effectiveness of early assessment and/or interventions carried by such teams in the ED exist. This systematic review aims to explore the impact of early assessment and/or intervention carried out by interdisciplinary teams including HSCPs in the ED on the quality, safety and cost-effectiveness of care, and to define the content of the assessment and/or intervention offered by HSCPs.Methods and analysisUsing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standardised guidelines, we will conduct a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, controlled before–after studies, interrupted time series and repeated measures studies that report the impact of early assessment and/or intervention provided to adults aged 18+ by interdisciplinary teams including HSCPs in the ED. Searches will be carried in Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, Cochrane Library and MEDLINE from inception to March 2018. We will also hand-search the reference lists of relevant studies. Following a two-step screening process, two independent reviewers will extract data on the type of population, intervention, comparison, outcomes and study design. The quality of the studies will be appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The findings will be synthesised in a narrative summary, and a meta-analysis will be conducted where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be sought since it is not required for systematic reviews. The results of this review will be disseminated through publication in a peer-review journal and presented at relevant conferences.Trial registration numberCRD42018091794.

scholarly journals Valuing the impact of health and social care programs using social return on investment analysis: how have academics advanced the methodology? A systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Louise Hutchinson ◽  
Angela Berndt ◽  
Deborah Forsythe ◽  
Susan Gilbert-Hunt ◽  
Stacey George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Social Return On Investment ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesTo identify how social return on investment (SROI) analysis—traditionally used by business consultants—has been interpreted, used and innovated by academics in the health and social care sector and to assess the quality of peer-reviewed SROI studies in this sector.DesignSystematic review.SettingsCommunity and residential settings.ParticipantsA wide range of demographic groups and age groups.ResultsThe following databases were searched: Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Econlit, Medline, PsychINFO, Embase, Emerald, Social Care Online and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Limited uptake of SROI methodology by academics was found in the health and social care sector. From 868 papers screened, 8 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. Study quality was found to be highly variable, ranging from 38% to 90% based on scores from a purpose-designed quality assessment tool. In general, relatively high consistency and clarity was observed in the reporting of the research question, reasons for using this methodology and justifying the need for the study. However, weaknesses were observed in other areas including justifying stakeholders, reporting sample sizes, undertaking sensitivity analysis and reporting unexpected or negative outcomes. Most papers cited links to additional materials to aid in reporting. There was little evidence that academics had innovated or advanced the methodology beyond that outlined in a much-cited SROI guide.ConclusionAcademics have thus far been slow to adopt SROI methodology in the evaluation of health and social care interventions, and there is little evidence of innovation and development of the methodology. The word count requirements of peer-reviewed journals may make it difficult for authors to be fully transparent about the details of their studies, potentially impacting the quality of reporting in those studies published in these journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018080195.

scholarly journals Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Brett ◽  
Sophie Staniszewska ◽  
Carole Mockford ◽  
Sandra Herron-Marx ◽  
John Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Patient And Public Involvement ◽  
Care Research ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact

Why corrections? Motivations for becoming a Canadian provincial or territorial correctional officer

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-286
Author(s):  
Rose Ricciardelli ◽  
Krystle Martin
Keyword(s):  
Prison Population ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Employment Experience ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The growing prison population and challenges related to recruiting and retaining suitable correctional officers (COs) in Canada provided the impetus for the current study. Recruitment efforts in provinces and territories often rely on a variety of diverse testing, ranging from physical fitness to in-person interviews. However, despite such efforts, turn-over rates remain high and insight into what motivates people to seek a career in correctional work continues to require elucidation. By investigating the career development of COs, the purpose of this paper is to understand why certain men seek employment in this field. Design/methodology/approach Data are derived from in-depth semi-structured interviews with male officers (n=41) who have employment experience in provincial correctional facilities. Findings Respondents discussed their initial motivations for entering the field and their career ambitions. Some entered corrections because they lacked alternative options for employment, others as a stepping stone for a different justice-oriented occupation such as policing or parole. Many were motivated by the income and benefits or had a specific vocational self-identity toward correctional work. However, nearly all respondents indicated that, over time, they no longer felt their rate of pay justly reflected the demands of the occupation, thus factors motivating field entry fail to materialize in ways that sustain long-term employee retention. Practical implications CO recruitment should target individuals with interest in the field of justice more broadly. Occupational demands of the CO occupation need to be addressed to reduce turnover. Recruitment should focus not only on new graduates but also be directed toward more mature individuals. The impact of resource intensive interview processes for candidates on turnover rates needs to be evaluated. Originality/value The authors’ focus on COs with employment experience in provincial and territorial correctional facilities, rather than federal, is justified by the lack of research on and the high rate of CO turnover in such facilities. After exploring the qualitative responses of officers, clear themes emerged that align well with natural socio-ecological systems: the self, family and community, and wider society.

scholarly journals Interprofessional collaboration and chronicity management: a systematic review of clinical trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Pascucci ◽  
M T Riccardi ◽  
M Sapienza ◽  
M C Nurchis ◽  
W Ricciardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The increasing prevalence of chronic disease generates significant financial, social and psychosocial burden for patients, families and healthcare system. Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is becoming recognized as a discipline among health and social care professionals and medical training institutions worldwide. Literature research suggests that following interventions could be particularly useful in the management of chronic patients. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the impact of IPC on chronic patients compared to standard health-care practice. The PICO model was adopted and three electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science) were searched using appropriate keywords. Selected trials were assessed for quality and risk of bias using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, and comparison of outcomes among teams with or without pharmacist was performed using t-Student test (p < 0,05). Out of 11.128, 24 studies met the inclusion criteria and 58 indicators were identified: 62% improved significantly, 38% did not show any variation, no indicator worsened after intervention. In particular, systolic blood pressure (SBP) showed a statistically significant improvement in 70.0 % of trials in which was considered while did not show any difference in the rest. The presence of a pharmacist in the team show a statistically significant improvement on SBP (p = 0,002) in patients with hypertension while no statistically significant effect is observed on glycated hemoglobin (p = 0,193) in diabetics. The results support that IPC contributes to positive patient, provider and institutional level outcomes, in particular for chronic conditions. Future research should focus on the inclusion of patient/caregivers in the collaborative team, and on the role of interprofessional education (IPE) on collaborative practice in the management of the patient with chronicity. Key messages IPC is an innovative strategy to address the complex health needs of chronic populations. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of IPE in achieving better IPC and improving chronic patients’ outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence And Factors Associated With Depression Among Medical Students In Africa; A Systematic Review Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Ndutard Ngasa ◽  
Carlson Babila Sama ◽  
Bonoventure Suiru Dzekem ◽  
Neh Chang ◽  
Maxime Tindong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Depression in its severe form can lead to suicide. In Africa, a couple of studies have been carried to evaluate depression in medical students. These studies have provided variable findings on the prevalence of depression in medical students and associated factors. Given the considerable variability and somewhat controversial findings in the different studies, there is a need for a systematic review study to critically appraise the existing literature.Methods: This was a systematic review of studies published between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019 in the selected databases. We used Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) combining relevant keywords to search the databases.Results: Data was extracted from 4 studies included in this review involving a total number of 1848 medical students. The prevalence of depressive symptoms range from 23.3 to 76.5% and major depression was reported in 15.6% and 30.6% of participants in 2 studies. Female gender and being a student in higher level of studies were significantly associated with depression in all included studies. Other factors associated with higher levels of depression included smoking, alcohol consumption, being unmarried, major life events, presence of other mental health condition and the presence of chronic medical condition.Conclusion: Despite paucity of research on depression among medical students in Africa, this review shows that depressive symptoms are common and associated with a number of socioeconomic factors. Being a female student and/or higher level of medical education is associated with depression. There is need for more robust studies to evaluate the impact of depression on medical students.

scholarly journals Impact of Home Healthcare on End-of-life Outcomes for People With Dementia: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Jen Chen ◽  
Lisanne Smits ◽  
Rose Miranda ◽  
Jung-Yu Liao ◽  
Irene Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Acute Healthcare ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Home healthcare (HHC) may reduce acute hospital utilization, but its effect on homebound people living with dementia (PLWD) at end-of-life remains unclear. We aim to describe the impact of HHC on acute healthcare utilization and end-of-life outcomes in PLWD.Methods: Design: A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies regarding the association between HHC (exposure) and targeted outcomes. Interventions: HHC provided by health care professionals, including physicians or nurses. Participants: At least 80% of study participants had dementia and lived at home. Measurements: Primary outcome was acute healthcare utilization in the last year of life. Secondary outcomes included palliative care use, advance care planning (ACP), continuity of care in the last year of life, and place of death. We identified contextual information about policy changes in HHC for these outcomes.Results: We included five studies from USA, Japan, and Italy, none of which received a high-quality rating. At micro-level, HHC may be associated with a lower risk of acute healthcare utilization in the early period (e.g., last 90 days before death) and a higher risk in the late period (e.g. last 15 days) of the disease trajectory toward end-of-life in PLWD. ACP with written decisions may be an important mediator of this. HHC increases referrals to palliative care. At meso-level, HHC providers’ difficulty in making treatment decisions for PLWD at the end-of-life may require further training and external support. Coordination between HHC and social care is mentioned but not well examined in the existing literature.Conclusions: The review highlights the dearth of dementia-specific research regarding the impact of HHC on end-of-life outcomes. In PLWD, the core components of HHC for achieving better quality end-of-life, the integration between health and social care, and coordination between primary HHC and palliative care should be further investigated in future studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document