scholarly journals The effect of long-term, group-based physical, cognitive and social activities on physical performance in elderly, community-dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1829-1843
Author(s):  
Tina Junge ◽  
Hans Kromann Knudsen ◽  
Hanne Kaae Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Moderate Dementia

Background Elderly people with dementia are known to be less physically active compared with elderly, healthy people, emphasizing the need for interventions in order to maintain a high level of independence in activities of daily living. The aim was to evaluate the effect of long-term, group-based rehabilitation including physical activity on physical performance in elderly, community-dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia. Methods A quasi-experimental study of 18 elderly, community-dwelling people, diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia, participated in an ongoing rehabilitation programme based on integrated physical, cognitive and social activities. The outcome measure was physical performance: the 30-second sit-to-stand test, Guralnik balance test, 10-metre walking speed test, timed 6-metre walk test and a timed dual task walk test. The repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse any overall differences between related means. Results No significant effect of time was found for the five outcome measures during the entire period. The variation in the estimate of most outcome scores was higher within subjects than between subjects during the period. Profile plots illustrated that three of the participants, who experienced severe cognitive deterioration, markedly declined in all physical performance tests. Conclusion The expected, progressive deterioration in physical performance was delayed in a small group of home-dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia participating in long-term, group-based rehabilitation. Long-term, group-based rehabilitation may have the overall potential to delay deterioration in activities of daily living performance in home-dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia; however, more studies with larger samples are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

scholarly journals Use of personal call alarms among community-dwelling older people

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMUEL R. NYMAN ◽  
CHRISTINA R. VICTOR
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People ◽  
Serious Injury

ABSTRACTHaving a fall and then lying on the floor for an hour or more is known as a ‘long lie’, which is associated with serious injury and an elevated risk of admission to hospital, long-term care and death. Personal call alarms are designed to prevent long lies, although little is known about their use. Using cross-sectional data from the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing, this study investigated the proportion of self-reported users of personal call alarms among 3,091 community-dwelling adults aged 65+ who reported difficulties of mobility or activities of daily living. The characteristics of users were then explored through logistic regressions comparing those living alone with those living with others. One hundred and eighty people self-reported using a personal call alarm (6%). Multivariate regression found the following to significantly predict personal call alarm use among both those living alone and with others: greater difficulty with activities/instrumental activities of daily living, older age, and for those living with others only: lower score on the quality of life subscale for control. Personal call alarm use may be markedly lower than the 30 per cent annual incidence of falls among community-dwelling older people. Better understanding is needed of the reasons for low usage, even amongst those at highest falls risk for whom such alarms are most likely to be beneficial.

Discrepancies between balance confidence and physical performance among community-dwelling Korean elders: a population-based study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Mi Ko ◽  
Won-Beom Park ◽  
Jae-Young Lim ◽  
Ki Woong Kim ◽  
Nam-Jong Paik
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Physical Performances

ABSTRACTBackground:This study investigates discrepancies between the confidence expressed by Korean elders in their balance and their actual physical performances according to sex and age. It also attempts to identify the factors responsible for such gaps or discrepancies.Methods:The Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA) was designed as a population-based prospective cohort study on the health and aging of Korean adults aged 65 years and over. We evaluated 1000 of 1118 randomly selected subjects in terms of activities-specific balance confidence (ABC) and performance in regard to balance and gait (POMA). Activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were assessed to measure disability. Pain-related dysfunctions, depression and cognitive functions were assessed. Next, we assessed the relationship between balance confidence and physical performance and functioning by sex and age.Results:The balance confidence of elderly women was lower than that of elderly men, although the physical performances of men and women under the age of 80 were similar. Women showed increased functional disability related to lower extremity pain and closely associated with balance confidence. However, psychological variables such as depression and cognitive functioning did not affect balance confidence.Conclusion:We found a discrepancy between balance confidence and physical performance according to sex and age among Koreans elders. Low balance confidence among women elders was correlated with pain-related dysfunctions other than those reflected in POMA scores. Therefore, enhancing confidence and controlling pain as a means of preventing disability should be emphasized when developing models for maintaining and promoting health in elders.

scholarly journals Impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on activities of daily living in the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pi-Hsia Lee ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Hsin-Yen Yen ◽  
Wan-Ling Hsu ◽  
Valeria Jia-Yi Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractStroke and cognitive impairment are common in older population. They often occur together and their combined effects significantly increase disability in both basic (BADLs) and instrumental (IADLs) activities of daily living. We investigated the individual and combined impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on BADLs and IADLs. A total of 3331 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled from the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging in 2011. Both BADLs and IADLs were analyzed. Combination of stroke and cognitive impairment increased severity of ADL disabilities, but similar prevalence, similar numbers of summed BADL and IADL tasks with disability, and similar levels of difficulty for each BADL and IADL task were found between the stroke group and cognitive impairment group. The former had more difficult in dressing while the latter had more difficult in using the telephone, transport, and managing finances. A hierarchy of ADLs was also observed in all groups. ADL skill training supplemented with cognitive and physical interventions should focus on secondary prevention of dementia and improve motor functional capacity to reduce loss of ADLs.

How does carer management style influence the performance of activities of daily living in people with dementia?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julieta Camino ◽  
Naoko Kishita ◽  
Allan Bregola ◽  
Judy Rubinsztein ◽  
Mizanur Khondoker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Management Style ◽  
People With Dementia
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