scholarly journals Competitive universities? The impact of international and European trends on academic institutions in the ‘New Europe’

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dakowska
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Political Factor ◽  
Linear Processes ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This contribution examines the domestic reinterpretations of international and European recommendations in Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). It asks under what conditions these institutional recommendations, but also global processes such as the university rankings, affect domestic public policies. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which have experienced a far-reaching reform process since 1989, have been particularly affected by new standards promoted at the European and international level. The article shows that the combined external and domestic pressures affect higher education institutions (HEIs) in multiple and sometimes contradictory ways. Based on the Polish and Ukrainian cases, it reassesses the (party) political factor in the reorientation of higher education (HE) reforms. It shows that Europeanisation and internationalisation are neither uniform nor linear processes. Ultimately, the announced diversification of HEIs appears as a longer-term process whose outcome remains uncertain.

scholarly journals Domestic Final Demand as a Determinant of R&D Activity in Selected Central and Eastern European Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
Iwona Świeczewska
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Household Demand ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Leontief Model ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of an empirical study conducted based on selected countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The study focused on the impact of domestic final demand for products manufactured by individual industries on the R&D activity in the country. The main research tools are the Leontief model and R&D multipliers. The application of the input-output methods allows domestic R&D expenditures to be broken down into institutional sectors to establish what part of the expenditures is embodied in products manufactured to meet final household demand, in exports, etc.

Political Institutions and Policy Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Central and Eastern Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
DETLEF JAHN ◽  
FERDINAND MÜLLER-ROMMEL
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of political institutions on policy performance has been a major research question in studies of advanced democracies. This study analyzes the effects of institutions and political actors on economic, social and environmental policies in ten Central Eastern European countries from 1995 to 2004. Using time-series-cross section (TSCS) regression analysis, this study shows that the impact of institutional veto players on policy output is more significant than international pressure. Moreover, the communist legacy has a much higher effect on policy output than expected.

scholarly journals Internationalisation of Higher Education in Central and Eastern Europe: Conceptualisation of the Definition Inside the Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Monika Orechova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Internationalisation Of Higher Education ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Anglophone World ◽  
Education Discourse ◽  
Education Process

The article sets out to analyse previous research on the internationalisation in higher education in Central and Eastern Europe with a particular focus on the conceptualisation of ‘internationalisation’. While there is quite a lot of research regarding both theory and implementation of internationalisation, the majority of it is conducted in the West and the most commonly accepted definition hails from the research traditions of the Anglophone world. This literature review shows that when researchers in Central and Eastern European countries use the term ‘internationalisation’, they either refer to a policy change encouraged (or necessitated) by a supranational institution or global education discourse, or an education process through which an international or intercultural dimension is integrated into higher education.

scholarly journals De la separatism regional la centra­lizare: două proiecte legislative ale universitarilor clujeni privind reforma învățământului superior românesc după 1918

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-157
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Stan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
Higher Education Law ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The University ◽  
The Great War

After the Great War and the union of Bessarabia, Bukovina, Transylvania, and the Banat with the Old Kingdom, the reform of higher education and, implicitly, its transformation into a unitary and efficient system required a lot of efforts. A significant number of initiatives and projects were discussed by the Romanian academic circles, politicians, and by the broader public before the first law for the organization of universities in Greater Romania was adopted and implemented, in April 1932. This article is a case study, which focuses on two proposals put forward in the 1920s by some prominent professors of the University of Cluj. My research tries to clarify and enrich our knowledge regarding the various stages that preceded and shaped the 1932 higher education law. It highlights the similarities and differences between these projects, looking, in particular, at their most relevant and modern elements. The article could equally provide points of comparison for future analysis regarding the reconstruction of the educational systems in other Central or Eastern European countries, in the first half of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Polish+. Program nowych studiów polskich na Uniwersytecie Syczuańskim w Chengdu.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3/2020(772)) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Piotr Kajak
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The University ◽  
Polish Higher Education

The fi rst university programme in Polish studies in China was launched already in the 1950s. The foundations laid by a few generations of specialists in Polish studies from Beijing Foreign Studies University permit the development of successive programmes in Polish studies in other Chinese academic centres. They use the support of the PRC government, which has been implementing a dynamic foreign policy addressed to the Central and Eastern European countries for a few years now. One of the new centres offering innovative programmes in Polish studies, which are combined with the economic and international path, is the Sichuan University in Chengdu, supported by the University of Warsaw. This paper describes the formation of the Polish+ programme in Chengdu and presents the details related to the curriculum of the studies, which inspires other Chinese higher education institutions to introduce similar specialties in cooperation with the greatest Polish higher education institutions.

scholarly journals Does a National Innovation System Encourage Sustainability? Lessons from the Construction Industry in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3591
Author(s):  
Marija Mosurović Ružičić ◽  
Mirjana Miletić ◽  
Marina Dobrota
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

Influences from the modern business environment indicate the need for the incorporation of sustainability concepts from an innovation system perspective. In the presented research, we emphasize the energy efficiency concept within the frame of sustainability and innovation. The aim of this research was to underline and explore the relationships between innovation, energy efficiency, and sustainability in the construction industry. To answer the research questions, a questionnaire was created to explore the impact of the energy efficiency certification process on the innovation behavior of construction industry enterprises in Serbia. The results show that energy efficiency has supported innovation, and that there exists a relationship between sustainability and innovativeness in the construction industry. Applying energy efficiency passports has influenced the co-operation of enterprises in the construction sector and other actors in the national innovation system in Serbia. The innovation concept demonstrates that enterprises in the construction industry should be observed as a part of the wider picture—the national innovation system. In turn, the specific context of a particular national innovation system should be seen within the wider picture of national innovation systems of Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs).

The Role of Financing Higher Education in Nigerian Universities in Achieving Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-578
Author(s):  
Samir Mohamad Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Private University ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Higher Education Financing ◽  
The University ◽  
Financing Higher Education ◽  
The Impact

The current study aims to identify the role of financing higher education in Nigerian universities in the state of Kano and its impact on sustainable development. The study problem lies in the low funding of higher education in Nigerian universities, which will negatively affect the sustainability of higher education and sustainable development. The importance of the study is highlighted by highlighting the importance of financing higher education in Nigerian universities and the sources of obtaining this funding as one of the most important factors through which students can complete their studies. The study followed the qualitative approach with the aim of obtaining more accurate information about traditional higher education financing sources and its impact on the sustainability of education and achieving sustainable development. The study population reached the number of three Nigerian universities, which are a governmental, federal and private university, to learn about the impact of financing higher education in Nigerian universities on sustainable development. The sample of the study was about three out of five of those responsible for financing higher education in Nigerian universities. Also, the study followed unstructured or open interviews in order to obtain more information about financing higher education and whether or not it is suitable for the idea of a monetary endowment. The results of the study showed that the sources of financing for higher education in traditional Nigerian universities are varied, including what can be obtained through the endowment and donations fund that can be made through community initiatives, and the results of the study also indicated that the idea of a monetary endowment faces great challenges in its application, so the idea is subject to acceptance and rejection. According to the nature of the university and the nature of the subjects taught. The study recommended the necessity of expanding the study of the impact of financing higher education in Nigerian universities by expanding the scope of study to include all Nigerian states.

scholarly journals Diversity and safety on campus @ Western: Heterosexism and cissexism in higher education

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Asquith ◽  
Tania Ferfolia ◽  
Brooke Brady ◽  
Benjamin Hanckel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Diverse Students ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Discrimination, harassment and violence can vitiate staff and students’ experiences of education and work. Although there is increasing knowledge about these experiences in primary and secondary education, very little is known about them in higher education. This paper draws from landmark research that examines the interpersonal, educational and socio-cultural perspectives that prevail about sexuality and gender diversity on an Australian university campus. In this paper we focus on three aspects of the broader research findings: the heterosexism and cissexism experienced by sexuality and gender diverse students and staff at the university; their actions and responses to these experiences; and the impact of these experiences on victims. The research demonstrates that although the university is generally safe, sexuality and gender diverse students and staff experience heterosexist and cissexist discrimination, which can have negative ramifications on their workplace and learning experiences.

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