scholarly journals Elevated serum glucose levels and survival after acute heart failure: A population-based perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin KI Helfand ◽  
Nicholas J Maselli ◽  
Darleen M Lessard ◽  
Jorge Yarzebski ◽  
Joel M Gore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels

Hypothalamic noradrenergic and sympathoadrenal control of glycemia after stress

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. E231-E235
Author(s):  
G. A. Smythe ◽  
W. S. Pascoe ◽  
L. H. Storlien
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Release ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Swim Stress ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Positive Correlations

Central noradrenergic pathways play a significant role in mediating blood glucose levels after neuroglycopenia. To further investigate hypothalamic noradrenergic neuronal activity (NNA) and sympathoadrenal influences in glucoregulation, we studied the effects of acute stress on glycemia and insulin release in normal and adrenalectomized (ADRX) rats. Within 5 min of exposure of rats to ether or cold-swim stress, significant positive correlations were evident between hypothalamic NNA and serum glucose levels (r = 0.70, P less than 0.001; at 15 min r = 0.78, P less than 0.0001). Five minutes after stress in the intact rat, insulin release was inhibited and serum insulin levels inversely correlated to hypothalamic NNA (r = 0.45, P less than 0.05). This relationship between insulin and NNA was no longer present 15 min after stress, but the levels of insulin remained inappropriately low with respect to the elevated serum glucose levels (approximately 30% above basal). Blockade of sympathetic noradrenergic pathways by treatment of intact rats with guanethidine prevented the rise in glucose after cold-swim stress but did not prevent the inhibition of insulin release. Fifteen minutes after exposure of ADRX rats to cold-swim stress their hypothalamic NNA and serum glucose levels were similar to intact animals. However, in contrast to their intact counterparts, serum insulin levels were significantly elevated (P less than 0.01). These data are consistent with central noradrenergic neural pathways directly mediating hepatic glucose release and indirectly inhibiting pancreatic insulin release via activation of adrenal medullary catecholamines.

Glucose can reverse the effects of acute fasting on mouse ovulation and oocyte maturation

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yan ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Ping Tai ◽  
Xiufen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Oocyte Development ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose Feeding

Food deprivation suppresses ovulation. Although nutritional elements are responsible for this suppression, it is not clear whether energy metabolism has any effect on oocyte development under these circumstances. The aim of the present study was to determine which nutritional element is responsible for the effect of acute fasting on mouse ovulation and how oocyte development is affected. The results demonstrate that 64 h food deprivation blocks mouse ovulation. This was reversed by glucose feeding, oil feeding or short-term feeding, all of which elevated serum glucose levels. Furthermore, 48 h food deprivation inhibited follicle-stimulating hormone-induced oocyte maturation in vitro. However, 48 h glucose feeding increased serum glucose levels and restored oocyte maturation. Food deprivation increased serum progesterone levels and decreased serum oestradiol levels. Food deprivation also impaired follicle development, caused the death of oocytes and attenuated glucose consumption by cumulus–oocyte complexes. Taken together, the results indicate that: (1) the suppression of ovulation by acute fasting may be due to the control of oocyte development; and (2) maintaining serum glucose concentrations at a certain level is important for normal ovulation.

Abstract 17213: Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Elevation is an Independent Predicting Factor of Worsening Renal Function in the Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yamazoe ◽  
Atsushi Mizuno ◽  
Yutaro Nishi ◽  
Koichiro Niwa ◽  
Mitsuaki Isobe
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Worsening Renal Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Center ◽  
Predicting Factor

Background: Worsening renal function (WRF) has been associated with poor outcome in the patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Recently, venous congestion had been paid attention to the important predictor of WRF in AHF. Abnormal serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was reported as a biological marker of liver congestion and of the extent of right sided filling pressure in AHF. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between ALP and development of WRF in AHF. Method: We enrolled consecutive patients hospitalized due to AHF in cardiovascular center of St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan from January, 2004 to December, 2013. We excluded the patients either on dialysis, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under 15 ml/min/m2, or primary liver disease. We defined WRF as elevation of serum creatinine of 0.3 mg/dl or above raised from admission to discharge. We classified patients into tertiles by baseline measurements of ALP. We performed multivariate analysis to make the prediction model of WRF. Result: Total 1245 patients (age 76.4±12.9 years old, male 54.8%) were enrolled. During hospitalization, 166 (13.3%) patients developed WRF. Patients were classified into tertiles (<77, 77 to 203, >203 IU/L). Compared with the lowest ALP tertile, middle and the highest ALP tertile groups developed WRF more frequently (8.4% vs 15.5% vs 16.8%, P=0.003). In multivariate logistic regression, after adjustment of age, gender, and other risk factors, we found eGFR (Odds ratio (OR) 0.978, 95%Confidence Interval (CI) 0.967 to 0.987, P<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.83, CI 1.19 to 2.80, P=0.005), norepinephrine use (OR 1.65, CI 1.04 to 2.61, P=0.03), albumin (OR 0.507, CI 0.337 to 0.764, P=0.001), middle tertile ALP (OR 1.81, CI 1.07 to 3.06, P=0.02), and highest tertile ALP (OR 2.08, CI 1.24 to 3.48, P=0.005) compared with lowest tertile were independent variable to predict WRF. Conclusion: Our study showed that elevated serum ALP is an independent predicting factor for WRF in the patients with AHF.

scholarly journals Elevated serum lactate is a marker of organ damage related to impaired hemodynamics and indicates poor prognosis in acute heart failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P1517-P1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zymlinski ◽  
J. Biegus ◽  
M. Sokolski ◽  
S. Nawrocka ◽  
P. Siwolowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Serum Lactate

Hyperglycemia and neurological outcome in patients with head injury

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur M. Lam ◽  
H. Richard Winn ◽  
Bruce F. Cullen ◽  
Nancy Sundling
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Serum Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Gcs Score ◽  
Injured Patients

✓ To examine the relationship between serum glucose and the outcome of patients suffering from head injury, the authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical course of 169 patients admitted for treatment to Harborview Medical Center (a regional trauma center). All patients underwent craniotomy for evacuation of intracranial hematoma and/or placement of a subarachnoid bolt for intracranial pressure monitoring under general anesthesia. Patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less had significantly higher serum glucose levels than patients with GCS scores of 12 to 15 (mean ± standard error of the mean 192 ± 7 mg/dl vs. 130 ± 8 mg/dl or 10.7 ± 0.4 mmol/liter vs. 7.2 ± 0.4 mmol/liter) (p < 0.0001). Patients who subsequently remained in a vegetative state or died had significantly higher glucose levels both on admission and postoperatively than patients who had good outcome or moderate disability (217 ± 12 mg/dl vs. 167 ± 6 mg/dl or 12.1 ± 0.7 mmol/liter vs. 9.3 ± 0.3 mmol/liter on admission, and 240 ± 16 mg/dl vs. 156 ± 5 mg/dl or 13.3 ± 0.9 mmol/liter vs. 8.9 ± 0.3 mmol/liter postoperatively) (p < 0.0001). Among the more severely injured patients (GCS score ≤ 8), a serum glucose level greater than 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/liter) postoperatively is associated with a significantly worse outcome (p < 0.01). The authors conclude that severely head-injured patients frequently develop hyperglycemia and the elevated serum glucose level may aggravate ischemic insults and worsen the neurological outcome in such patients.

scholarly journals Increased Risk of Diabetes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Nationwide Population-based Study in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ae Kang ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Jaeyoung Chun ◽  
Hosim Soh ◽  
Seona Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes

The association of diabetes with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. The risk of diabetes in patients with IBD compared with non-IBD controls was investigated. Using the National Health Insurance database of South Korea, 8070 patients with IBD based on the International Classification of Disease 10th revision (ICD-10) codes and rare intractable disease codes for Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were compared with 40,350 non-IBD individuals (2010–2014). Newly diagnosed diabetes identified using ICD-10 codes and the prescription of anti-diabetic medication by the end of the follow-up period (2016) was investigated. During a mean follow-up of 5.1 years, the incidence of diabetes in patients with IBD was significantly higher compared with controls after adjusting for serum glucose levels and steroid use (23.19 vs. 22.02 per 1000 person-years; hazard ratio (HR), 1.135; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.048–1.228). The risk of diabetes was significantly higher in patients with CD (HR, 1.677; 95% CI, 1.408–1.997), but not in UC (HR, 1.061; 95% CI, 0.973–1.156). The effect of IBD on the development of diabetes was significantly more prominent in younger patients (p < 0.001). Patients with CD are at a higher risk of diabetes. Regular monitoring for diabetes is recommended, even in younger CD patients who do not use steroid medication.

scholarly journals Hyperpolarized Dihydroxyacetone Is a Sensitive Probe of Hepatic Gluconeogenic State

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Mukundan Ragavan ◽  
Marc A. McLeod ◽  
Anthony G. Giacalone ◽  
Matthew E. Merritt
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Feeding And Fasting

Type II diabetes and pre-diabetes are widely prevalent among adults. Elevated serum glucose levels are commonly treated by targeting hepatic gluconeogenesis for downregulation. However, direct measurement of hepatic gluconeogenic capacity is accomplished only via tracer metabolism approaches that rely on multiple assumptions, and are clinically intractable due to expense and time needed for the studies. We previously introduced hyperpolarized (HP) [2-13C]dihydroxyacetone (DHA) as a sensitive detector of gluconeogenic potential, and showed that feeding and fasting produced robust changes in the ratio of detected hexoses (6C) to trioses (3C) in the perfused liver. To confirm that this ratio is robust in the setting of treatment and hormonal control, we used ex vivo perfused mouse livers from BLKS mice (glucagon treated and metformin treated), and db/db mice. We confirm that the ratio of signal intensities of 6C to 3C in 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra post HP DHA administration is sensitive to hepatic gluconeogenic state. This method is directly applicable in vivo and can be implemented with existing technologies without the need for substantial modifications.

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