Breast Cancer Screening: A Social Marketing Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Bryant ◽  
Stephen Cole ◽  
Bonnie Salazar ◽  
James Lindenberger ◽  
Kay Perrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physician Referral ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Breast cancer is one of the leading types of preventable cancer among women in the United States. Despite improvements in mammography and early detection techniques for breast cancer, special population groups within the United States continue to experience high incidence and mortality rates. This paper focuses on Kentucky's underserved populations. The research objectives were to: 1) identify the factors that motivate women at risk to be screened for breast cancer; and, 2) identify the factors that deter women at risk from being screened for breast cancer. A combination of quantitative (survey n=407) and qualitative (focus groups=19; in-depth interviews=58) research methods were used to examine factors that influence mammography use. Factors that motivate women to have mammograms include: physician referral; the belief that early detection will improve breast cancer outcomes; and, the belief that a mammogram is an effective test. Factors deterring women from having mammograms include: lack of physician referral; cost; and, the belief that mammography is dangerous. Research findings point to the need for a comprehensive, integrated approach to increasing utilization rates. This approach includes recommendations for increasing physician referrals, modifying service delivery, training staff, and development of client education materials and a public information campaign. These recommendations have been incorporated into a social marketing plan to increase utilization of mammography services in the state of Kentucky.

Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Stage Iv Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Invasive breast cancer, the most common nonskin cancer in women in the United States, will be diagnosed in 266,120 In 2018, along with 63,960 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer. Incidence and mortality reached a plateau and appear to be dropping in both the United States and parts of western Europe. This decline has been attributed to several factors, such as early detection through the use of screening mammography and appropriate use of systemic adjuvant therapy, as well as decreased use of hormone replacement therapy. However, the global burden of breast cancer remains great, and global breast cancer incidence increased from 641,000 in 1980 to 1,643,000 in 2010, an annual rate of increase of 3.1%. This chapter examines the etiology, epidemiology, prevention, screening, staging, and prognosis of breast cancer. The diagnoses and treatments of the four stages of breast cancer are also included. Figures include algorithms used for the systemic treatment of stage IV breast cancer and hormone therapy for women with stage IV breast cancer. Tables describe selected outcomes from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) P-1 and P-2 chemoprevention trials, tamoxifen chemoprevention trials for breast cancer, the TNM staging system and stage groupings for breast cancer, some commonly used adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, an algorithm for suggested treatment for patients with operable breast cancer from the 2011 St. Gallen consensus conference, guidelines for surveillance of asymptomatic early breast cancer survivors from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and newer agents for metastatic breast cancer commercially available in the United States. This review contains 2 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, and 108 references.

GIS, Spatial Analysis, and Modeling

2019 ◽  
pp. 1284-1297
Author(s):  
Khadijeh Rouzbehani ◽  
Ghazaleh Sajjadi ◽  
Mohamad Rahim Hatami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors ◽  
International Strategies

Breast cancer is a major health issue in all countries affecting thousands of women. Its causes are unknown and the national and international strategies to reduce its morbidity and mortality levels are based on early detection of cancer through screening and treatment according to clinical guidelines. Thus, knowledge of which women are at risk and why they are at risk is therefore essential component of disease prevention and screening. In 2015, an estimated 231,840 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the United States, along with 60,290 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to provide a more detailed analysis of the breast cancer distribution in the United States by comparing the spatial distribution of breast cancer cases against physical environmental factors using Geographic Information System (GIS). Further, it gives background information to the GIS and its applications in health-related research.

GIS, Spatial Analysis, and Modeling

2017 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Khadijeh Rouzbehani ◽  
Ghazaleh Sajjadi ◽  
Mohamad Rahim Hatami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors ◽  
International Strategies

Breast cancer is a major health issue in all countries affecting thousands of women. Its causes are unknown and the national and international strategies to reduce its morbidity and mortality levels are based on early detection of cancer through screening and treatment according to clinical guidelines. Thus, knowledge of which women are at risk and why they are at risk is therefore essential component of disease prevention and screening. In 2015, an estimated 231,840 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the United States, along with 60,290 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to provide a more detailed analysis of the breast cancer distribution in the United States by comparing the spatial distribution of breast cancer cases against physical environmental factors using Geographic Information System (GIS). Further, it gives background information to the GIS and its applications in health-related research.

Breast Cancer in Women with Cystic Disease of the Breast

1965 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Umberto Veronesi ◽  
Giorgio Pizzocaro ◽  
Aldo Vittorio Bono
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Contralateral Breast ◽  
Cystic Disease

From 1937 to 1960, 1051 women with cystic disease of the breast were hospitalized at the National Cancer Institute of Milan; 1008 of them were followed for a period ranging from 1 to 26 years, with an average of 8.5 years. All cases were histologically proved. Twenty-one of the patients developed a cancer of the breast; 16 in the breast with the cystic disease, 5 in the contralateral breast. In 667 cases the disease was histologically classified as «simple cystic disease »; 12 of these cases had a breast cancer. In 384 cases the disease was classififed as «hyperplastic cystic disease»; 9 of these developed a cancer of the breast. The follow-up of the 1008 cases provided 8539 person-years at risk; the number of the expected breast cases was calculated on the basis of the Dorn and Cutler data on morbidity of cancer in 10 metropolitan areas of the United States. The number of expected breast cancer was 12.2; the number of observed cases was 21, the ratio between observed and expected cases being 1.71.

Breast Cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Stage Iv Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Invasive breast cancer, the most common nonskin cancer in women in the United States, will be diagnosed in 235,000 women in this country in 2013 and is expected to result in approximately 40,000 deaths. Incidence and mortality reached a plateau and appear to be dropping in both the United States and parts of western Europe. This decline has been attributed to several factors, such as early detection through the use of screening mammography and appropriate use of systemic adjuvant therapy, as well as decreased use of hormone replacement therapy. However, the global burden of breast cancer remains great, and global breast cancer incidence increased from 641,000 in 1980 to 1,643,000 in 2010, an annual rate of increase of 3.1%. This chapter examines the etiology, epidemiology, prevention, screening, staging, and prognosis of breast cancer. The diagnoses and treatments of the four stages of breast cancer are also included. Figures include algorithms used for the systemic treatment of stage IV breast cancer and hormone therapy for women with stage IV breast cancer. Tables describe selected outcomes from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) P-1 and P-2 chemoprevention trials, tamoxifen chemoprevention trials for breast cancer, the TNM staging system and stage groupings for breast cancer, some commonly used adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, an algorithm for suggested treatment for patients with operable breast cancer from the 2011 St. Gallen consensus conference, guidelines for surveillance of asymptomatic early breast cancer survivors from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and newer agents for metastatic breast cancer commercially available in the United States. This review contains 2 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, and 108 references.

Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Stage Iv Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Invasive breast cancer, the most common nonskin cancer in women in the United States, will be diagnosed in 235,000 women in this country in 2013 and is expected to result in approximately 40,000 deaths. Incidence and mortality reached a plateau and appear to be dropping in both the United States and parts of western Europe. This decline has been attributed to several factors, such as early detection through the use of screening mammography and appropriate use of systemic adjuvant therapy, as well as decreased use of hormone replacement therapy. However, the global burden of breast cancer remains great, and global breast cancer incidence increased from 641,000 in 1980 to 1,643,000 in 2010, an annual rate of increase of 3.1%. This chapter examines the etiology, epidemiology, prevention, screening, staging, and prognosis of breast cancer. The diagnoses and treatments of the four stages of breast cancer are also included. Figures include algorithms used for the systemic treatment of stage IV breast cancer and hormone therapy for women with stage IV breast cancer. Tables describe selected outcomes from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) P-1 and P-2 chemoprevention trials, tamoxifen chemoprevention trials for breast cancer, the TNM staging system and stage groupings for breast cancer, some commonly used adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, an algorithm for suggested treatment for patients with operable breast cancer from the 2011 St. Gallen consensus conference, guidelines for surveillance of asymptomatic early breast cancer survivors from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and newer agents for metastatic breast cancer commercially available in the United States. This review contains 2 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, and 108 references.

Major changes in breast cancer incidence in the United States over the period 2002 to 2004

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1533-1533
Author(s):  
P. Ravdin ◽  
K. A. Cronin ◽  
N. Howlader ◽  
C. D. Berg ◽  
E. J. Feuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

1533 Background: We have recently reported that a steep decrease in the incidence of breast cancer occurred in the United States in 2003 relative to 2002 (BCRT 100: S5, 2006). This decrease was most evident in patients older than 50, and largely occurred because of a decrease in the incidence of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. This decrease occurred after the report in 2002 of the results of first of the Women s Health Initiative trials of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT). This publication showed that use of a combined estrogen/progestin combination was associated with increased risk of breast cancer and heart disease and led to an immediate and substantial decrease in the use of HT in the US. Dramatic shifts in breast cancer incidence are unusual, and provide unique opportunities to test models that have been developed to explain trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality. We have been engaged in modeling trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality, in collaborative effects such as the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET), to understand these and other processes (NEJM 353:1784–1792,2005). These models have practical implications for understanding the impact of changes in risk factors, use of prevention strategies, screening, and treatment of breast cancer. Methods: SEER public use incidence data from 1990 to the end of 2003 will be updated with information from the release in the spring of 2007 of incidence data for 2004. We will analyze the full data set through 2004 and report on the trends in incidence of breast cancer in the population as a whole and by subsets (such as age, estrogen receptor status, stage etc). We will also use the most recent and detailed data about HT use and screening mammography during this period as part of modeling. Results: We are awaiting SEER data from 2004 which will be released by April of 2007. Conclusions: Our first SEER based multi-year analysis of breast cancer incidence following the change in HT use in the US will be presented. Modeling of these trends in incidence will be discussed in the context of understanding the role of various contributors to the change in breast cancer incidence and what insights on the evolution of preclinical disease might be possible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer by Age at Diagnosis in the Gharbiah, Egypt, Population-Based Registry Compared to the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 2004–2008

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Schlichting ◽  
Amr S. Soliman ◽  
Catherine Schairer ◽  
Joe B. Harford ◽  
Ahmed Hablas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
End Results

Objective. Although breast cancers (BCs) in young women often display more aggressive features, younger women are generally not screened for early detection. It is important to understand the characteristics of young onset breast cancer to increase awareness in this population. This analysis includes all ages, with emphasis placed on younger onset BC in Egypt as compared to the United States.Methods. BC cases in the Gharbiah cancer registry (GCR), Egypt, were compared to those in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. This analysis included 3,819 cases from the GCR and 273,019 from SEER diagnosed 2004–2008.Results. GCR cases were diagnosed at later stages, with <5% diagnosed at Stage I and 12% diagnosed at Stage IV. 48% of all SEER cases were diagnosed at Stage I, dropping to 30% among those ≤40. Significant differences in age, tumor grade, hormone receptor status, histology, and stage exist between GCR and SEER BCs. After adjustment, GCR cases were nearly 45 times more likely to be diagnosed at stage III and 16 times more likely to be diagnosed at stage IV than SEER cases.Conclusions. Future research should examine ways to increase literacy about early detection and prompt therapy in young cases.

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