Delineating Functional Competencies: A Component Model

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredda Brown ◽  
Ian M. Evans ◽  
Keri A. Weed ◽  
Valerie Owen
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Functional Skills ◽  
Severe Handicaps

This article describes a model for representing functional competencies in students with disabilities. Although strategies exist to identify skills and activities that are functional for students with severe handicaps, these strategies provide relatively little information on how to separate the functional skills into meaningful component parts that represent the range of behaviors needed in the natural environment. Data are presented to illustrate the narrow range of behaviors included in task analyses in current literature on skill acquisition. The Component Model of Functional Life Routines provides a systematic alternate approach to delineating the behaviors required in natural environments.

scholarly journals In-Situ Synthesis of TiO2@GO Nanosheets for Polymers Degradation in a Natural Environment

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2158
Author(s):  
Yueqin Shi ◽  
Zhanyang Yu ◽  
Zhengjun Li ◽  
Xiaodong Zhao ◽  
Yongjun Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Photogenerated Electrons ◽  
Main Components

Plastic photodegradation naturally takes 300–500 years, and their chemical degradation typically needs additional energy or causes secondary pollution. The main components of global plastic are polymers. Hence, new technologies are urgently required for the effective decomposition of the polymers in natural environments, which lays the foundation for this study on future plastic degradation. This study synthesizes the in-situ growth of TiO2 at graphene oxide (GO) matrix to form the TiO2@GO photocatalyst, and studies its application in conjugated polymers’ photodegradation. The photodegradation process could be probed by UV-vis absorption originating from the conjugated backbone of polymers. We have found that the complete decomposition of various polymers in a natural environment by employing the photocatalyst TiO2@GO within 12 days. It is obvious that the TiO2@GO shows a higher photocatalyst activity than the TiO2, due to the higher crystallinity morphology and smaller size of TiO2, and the faster transmission of photogenerated electrons from TiO2 to GO. The stronger fluorescence (FL) intensity of TiO2@GO compared to TiO2 at the terephthalic acid aqueous solution indicates that more hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are produced for TiO2@GO. This further confirms that the GO could effectively decrease the generation of recombination centers, enhance the separation efficiency of photoinduced electrons and holes, and increase the photocatalytic activity of TiO2@GO. This work establishes the underlying basic mechanism of polymers photodegradation, which might open new avenues for simultaneously addressing the white pollution crisis in a natural environment.

scholarly journals Research on Landscape Architecture Design Based on Corporate Social Responsibilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 04034
Author(s):  
Xinying Zhang ◽  
Wenjie Chen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
Common Concern ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibilities

As the natural environment becomes growingly deteriorated, environmental protection becomes a global common concern. Landscape architecture (LA) is concerned about the relationship among humans, the built, and natural environments, so it is of special significance to study corporate social responsibilities (CSR) of LA firms. This paper studied CSR of LA firms from the perspective of landscape architects, i.e., this paper explored LA design based on corporate social responsibilities. CSR of LA firms was classified into economic responsibilities and green responsibilities, so this paper studied LA design based on economic responsibilities and green responsibilities respectively. This paper contributes to the existing study of LA design by innovatively adding corporate social responsibilities into the LA design philosophies.

Environmental Considerations for Severely Handicapped Individuals: The Needs and the Questions

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret P. Hutchins ◽  
Addle Renzaglia
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Functional Skills ◽  
Severely Handicapped ◽  
Environmental Considerations

Special learning environments for severely handicapped students can seldom be justified. Specially designed and often extravagantly costly physical space, which does not provide adequate opportunity for the generalization of functional skills to unmodified settings, should be viewed skeptically. The use of natural environments, without expensive or unnecessary modifications, is advocated.

Using a 3D Simulation for Teaching Functional Skills to Students with Learning, Attentional, Behavioral, and Emotional Disabilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-233
Author(s):  
Maria-Ioanna Chronopoulou ◽  
Emmanuel Fokides
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Emotional Disabilities ◽  
Virtual School ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Functional Skills ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Behavioral And Emotional Disabilities

The study presents results from the use of a 3D simulation for teaching functional skills to students with learning, attentional, behavioral, and emotional disabilities, attending regular schools. An A-B single-subject study design was applied. The participating students (eight eight-to-nine years old) explored the simulation (a virtual school), encountered situations in which they observed how they are expected to behave, and had to demonstrate what they have learned. Each student attended a total of four two-hour sessions. Data were collected by means of observations and semi-structured interviews. All students demonstrated improved functional skills both in terms of the number of behaviors they acquired and in terms of those that were retained and manifested in the real school environment. On the basis of the results, it can be argued that 3D simulations are a promising tool for teaching functional skills to students with disabilities.

scholarly journals Feeding of juvenile pirarucu (Arapaima gigas, Arapaimidae) in their natural environment, lago Quatro Bocas, Araguaiana-MT, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdézio de Oliveira ◽  
Stephania Luz Poleto ◽  
Paulo Cesar Venere
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Content ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Arapaima Gigas

The stomach content of samples of juvenile Arapaima gigas was analized to obtain information about feeding in natural environments. This species occurs in the Amazonian basin, predominantly in floodplain environment. This is the case of the valley of the middle rio Araguaia, where the lago Quatro Bocas is situated. Juveniles A. gigas prefered insects, microcrustaceans and gastropods, most of autochthonous origin. All the stomachs examined contained at least one food item.

scholarly journals A Review of the Concepts and Measurements for Connection to Nature and Environmentally Responsible Behaviour—a Call for Research on Human-Forest Relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Liina Häyrinen ◽  
Sari Pynnönen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Connection To Nature ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose of Review The review examines recent scientific discussion on the concepts and measurements of human connection to nature (CTN) and pro-environmental behaviour (PEB). In addition to that, we explore the environmental contexts in which study populations are exposed to nature or nature experiences, particularly the contexts in which forests emerge from these studies, and lastly outline gaps in research. Recent Findings Outlining the association between CTN and PEB has been widely researched over the past 5 years. The concepts and measurements referring to these terms vary, but a few commonly used concepts were identified. The review classifies the approaches used for exploring the relationship between CTN and PEB into four categories. The review indicates that the interconnection between CTN and PEB is mostly studied as a part of the wider concept. Approximately half of the reviewed articles explored the actual exposure to some natural environment or nature activity either directly or indirectly. Forests only played a small role as a natural environment in the reviewed articles. Summary Forests appear to be of very little weight or under-represented in CTN and PEB literature as an explicitly identified natural environment. Results also indicate that the human-forest relationship has not been defined precisely in empirically based scientific literature. The paper discusses implications for the future research focusing on emphasizing the role of forests as natural environments in the research of CTN and PEB.

The Effect of a Peer Mentorship Program on Perceptions of Success in Choral Ensembles: Pairing Students With and Without Disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly VanWeelden ◽  
Julia Heath-Reynolds ◽  
Scott Leaman
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Peer Mentors ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Mentorship Program ◽  
Peer Mentorship ◽  
Choral Ensemble ◽  
Choral Ensembles ◽  
Choral Classroom

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of a peer mentorship program on students’ perceptions of comfort, skills obtained, and feelings of success while working with a peer with dissimilar abilities. The participants ( N = 14), enrolled in choral ensemble classes, were divided into two groups: the peer mentors ( n = 7), who were typically developing students, and the peer mentees ( n = 7), who were students with disabilities who had an individualized education program. The researchers created a pretest–posttest survey, and all questions were measured using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Peer mentee self-perceptions of success in the choral classroom revealed slight negative changes from the beginning to the end of the program. However, while some did not want to continue in the program for music skill acquisition, they all indicated a desire to remain in their peer pair for social reasons.

scholarly journals Environmental Determinants of Vibrio cholerae Biofilm Development

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 5079-5088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Kierek ◽  
Paula I. Watnick
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Human Intestine ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Surface Attachment ◽  
Luria Bertani Broth ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae is a versatile bacterium that flourishes in diverse environments, including the human intestine, rivers, lakes, estuaries, and the ocean. Surface attachment is believed to be essential for colonization of all of these natural environments. Previous studies have demonstrated that the vps genes, which encode proteins required for exopolysaccharide synthesis and transport, are required for V. cholerae biofilm development in Luria-Bertani broth. In this work, we showed that V. cholerae forms vps-dependent biofilms and vps-independent biofilms. The vps-dependent and -independent biofilms differ in their environmental activators and in architecture. Our results suggest that environmental activators of vps-dependent biofilm development are present in freshwater, while environmental activators of vps-independent biofilm development are present in seawater. The distinct environmental requirements for the two modes of biofilm development suggest that vps-dependent biofilm development and vps-independent biofilm development may play distinct roles in the natural environment.

Studies on the growth and longevity of the yellow-bellied toad, Bombina variegata, in natural environments

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Plytycz ◽  
Janusz Bigaj
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Bombina Variegata ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractYellow-bellied toads were studied in their natural environment in a mountain locality in southeastern Poland. 608 specimens were captured, marked by yellow skin autografts placed in different parts of their dorsal surface according to body length, and released. Some of them were recaptured and measured from one to nine years later to estimate their growth and longevity. Yellow-bellied toads grew rapidly in early life; thereafter their growth was very limited. Body size was not an accurate age indicator of an individual of this species. The body length 51-55 mm was maximal in this locality. Yellow-bellied toads were long-lived in nature, some individuals surviving for much more than ten years, and perhaps even more than 20 years. The skeletochronological technique (counting the growth lines in phalangeal cross-sections of the clipped toes of some marked individuals) underestimated the actual age of these animals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document