Child Delinquency, ACEs, and the Juvenile Justice System: Does Exposure to ACEs Affect Justice System Experiences for Children?

2021 ◽  
pp. 154120402110631
Author(s):  
Abigail Novak ◽  
Vitoria De Francisco Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
School Problems ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Older Youth ◽  
Using Data

Thousands of children ages 12 and under are referred to juvenile justice systems each year, and little is known about how their experiences may differ from those of older youth. The purpose of this study was to compare risk factors associated with juvenile justice referral between children and adolescents and examine differences in adjudication and disposition of referred children and adolescents. The moderating role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) was also examined. Using data from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, results suggest children referred to the juvenile justice system are more likely to have experienced greater numbers of ACEs, have family and school problems, and be referred by schools. Results also indicate children and adolescents differ in their experiences within the juvenile justice system, and that experiences vary according to exposure to ACEs. Results suggest juvenile justice system officials should consider the unique needs of children referred to the system and be cognizant of the influence of non-legal factors in decision-making for this population.

Is Getting Tough With Low-Risk Kids a Good Idea? The Effect of Failure to Appear Detention Stays on Juvenile Recidivism

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan R. Ogle ◽  
Jillian J. Turanovic
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Juvenile Recidivism ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Credible Threat ◽  
Using Data

Although the juvenile justice system has adopted many alternatives to detention, the practice of detaining youth for failing to appear in court remains common. Despite its widespread use, it is unclear whether this form of detainment is harmful to juvenile offenders—especially to those who pose no credible threat to public safety. Accordingly, using data from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice (FDJJ) and propensity score matching, we assess whether failure to appear (FTA) detention increases recidivism for low-risk youth. The results indicate that FTA detention increases official recidivism, technical recidivism, and re-detainment, and suggest that alternate policies be considered for low-risk juvenile offenders.

Treatment Services in the Juvenile Justice System: Examining the Use and Funding of Services by Youth on Probation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clair White
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Using Data

Youth enter the juvenile justice system with a variety of service needs, particularly for mental health problems. Research has examined the extent to which youth have mental health disorders, primarily among detained youth, and factors associated with treatment referrals, but little research has examined youth on probation and the actual use of services. Using data obtained from the Maricopa County Juvenile Probation Department from July 2012 through August 2014 ( N = 3,779), the current study examines (1) the factors associated with receiving treatment services while on probation and (2) the factors associated with receiving treatment services through different funding streams. Findings reveal that only about 25% of the sample of youth on probation received treatment services, suggesting the underservicing of youth. Consistent with prior research, there were also racial and ethnic disparities concerning treatment use, with Blacks and Latinos less likely to receive services. Additionally, certain characteristics of youth and their background influenced the funding source for treatment services. Implications for policy and research are discussed in light of these findings.

Legal Socialization in the Family

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom R. Tyler ◽  
Rick Trinkner
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Legal Socialization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pass Through

The chapters in Part III take up the discussion of legal socialization across the spheres of childhood and adolescence. As they move through their early lives, children and adolescents pass through three spheres of authority: the family, the school, and the juvenile justice system. In each of these they can either experience coercive and consensual authority systems. Consensual systems promote the development of internal beliefs in the legitimacy of law and legal authority and because of such beliefs, encourage voluntary deference. Coercive systems lead to a risk orientation toward law, with people complying when the risk of being caught and punished is high.

The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Psychopathic Features on Juvenile Offending Criminal Careers to Age 18

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Baglivio ◽  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Katherine Jackowski
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Juvenile Offending ◽  
Traumatic Exposure ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Childhood maltreatment and inept parental disciplinary, attachment, and monitoring practices evidence a relationship with early and severe childhood and adolescent aggression and have figured prominently as causative factors in theoretical and empirical underpinnings of lifelong antisocial behavior. Abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction have been linked to both violent offending and higher scores on measures of dispositional tendencies associated with psychopathy. The current study incorporates these lines of research by examining a potential pathway by which cumulative adverse childhood experience exposure, rather than single exposures assessed independently, leads to chronic and serious juvenile offending. Specifically, we leverage a sample of 64,007 juvenile offenders who have aged out of the juvenile justice system to examine the extent to which the effects of traumatic exposure on age of onset (first arrest) as well as residential placement, total offenses, and serious, violent, and chronic offending up to age 18 are each mediated by psychopathic features. Results demonstrate that a substantial portion (37%–93%) of the effects of cumulative traumatic exposure on justice system outcomes is indirect, operating through these features, even after controlling for demographic and other criminogenic risk factors. Juvenile justice policy implications are discussed.

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