A New Approach for a Real-Time Non-Invasive Fatigue Assessment System for Automated Driving

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1669-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Feldhütter ◽  
Alexander Feierle ◽  
Luis Kalb ◽  
Klaus Bengler
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fatigue Assessment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Invasive Method

Vehicles with conditional automation will be introduced to the market in the next few years. However, the effect of fatigue as one component of the driver state on the take-over performance still needs to be quantified. To examine this question, a valid, real-time capable and preferably non-invasive method for assessing fatigue while driving automatically is required. For this purpose, we developed an objective driver fatigue assessment system based on the data of a commercial remote eye-tracking system. The fatigue assessment system fuses various metrics based on eyelid opening and head movement. In a validation study with 12 participants in a driving simulator, the fatigue assessment system achieved a sensitivity of 90.0 % and a specificity of 99.2 %. This approach makes a fatigue-state-dependent study design possible and can also provide a basis for advancing existing fatigue assessment systems in automated vehicles.

R437 – Sonotubometry With Perfect Sequences in Pathologic Ears

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P190-P191
Author(s):  
Ercole F. N. Di Martino ◽  
Deyan Asenov ◽  
Viorel Emanoil Nath ◽  
Aulis Telle ◽  
Peter Vary
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Group A ◽  
Perfect Sequences ◽  
Group B

Problem Sonotubometry is a non-invasive method for the evaluation of Eustachian Tube (ET) function. Perfect Sequences (PSQE) allow monitoring the ET under physiologic conditions in healthy ears. This study investigates the use of this new approach in pathologic ears. Methods Forty individuals were examined. Group A: n=20 individuals (40 normal ears). Group B: n= 11 patients (16 ears) with acute/subacute ET dysfunction. Group C: n=9 patients with chronic problems requiring tympanoplasty. Sonotubometry was performed before and after operation. As opening maneuvers, yawning, dry swallowing, water swallowing, and Toynbee were employed. Results In group A an ET opening was seen in 77.06% maneuvers and in all patients. The median amplitude (A) of sound increase was 16.64 dB, the duration of the openings (D) was 365 ms. In group B these values were 34.39%, A = 9.27 dB, D=311 ms before and 72.26%, A= 19.51 dB and D=329 ms after operation (myringotomy/tympanostomy). Group C showed openings in 33.83% with A=9.78dB and D=365 ms. There was no significant change after surgery. Conclusion The comparison between normal ears and acute ET dysfunction shows sonotubometrical a return of the normal function after operation within a week in most ears. The results demonstrate that the findings occur not only due to an improved sound transmission through the dry middle ear but from a recovering ET. The results in Group C show that the ET dysfunction is chronic. Significance Sonotubometry with PSQE is feasible for assessment of ET (dys)function under physiological conditions. It has therefore the potential to open new perspectives on ET monitoring. Support Supported by DFG-grant MA 3917/1-1.

Micro-embolic risks during radiofrequency and cryoballoon-ablation of atrial fibrillation -analysis from real-time carotid artery doppler monitoring-

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Tonegawa ◽  
K Miyamoto ◽  
N Ueda ◽  
K Nakajima ◽  
T Kamakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Cryoballoon Ablation ◽  
Rf Ablation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Cryo Ablation

Abstract Background Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with risks of silent cerebral events. However, the timing of intraprocedural micro-embolic events or differences between open-irrigated radiofrequency (RF) and cryoballoon (Cryo) ablation are unclear. Newly developed real-time carotid artery Doppler is a simple non-invasive method to detect micro-embolic signals (MESs) during ablation. Objective We investigated the timing of detecting MESs during RF and Cryo ablation of AF. Methods During the first pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) session of AF, MESs were monitored by real-time carotid artery Doppler monitoring throughout the procedure. The MES counts were collected and evaluated separately during the different steps of the procedure (Figure). Results Thirty-three AF patients (RF/Cryo: 22/11 cases, 9 females, 69.5±11.6 y.o) were included. PVI was successfully accomplished in all patients with no major complications. The MES count was significantly greater in the RF group than Cryo group (table). In both groups, left atrial (LA) access (interatrial puncture) and sheaths insertion to the LA generated a significant number of MESs (RF: 1690 of 9116 MESs [18.5% of the total MESs], Cryo: 793 of 2285 MESs [34.7%]). In the RF group, MESs were observed incessantly during PVI (Figure). The LA dwell time was significantly longer in the RF group than Cryo group (table). In the RF group, the MES count was significantly greater in the longer LA dwell time group (LA dwell time >130min) than the shorter group (464.2±179.7 vs 302.6±138.2: P=0.049). During the cryo-applications in the Cryo group, the MESs were greatest during the first cryoballoon application (625 of 2285 MESs [27.4%]). Conclusions There were more MESs during RF ablation than cryoablation. MESs were recorded during a variety of steps throughout the procedure. In the RF group, most of MESs were recorded incessantly during radiofrequency ablation and greater number of MESs were recorded in patients with longer LA dwell time. In the Cryo group, most of MESs occurred during phases with a high probability of gaseous emboli. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

75P STEREOTACTIC RADIOTHERAPY FOR LUNG CANCER: EARLY EFFICACY AND TOXICITY EVALUATION OF A NON-INVASIVE REAL-TIME TUMOR TRACKING SYSTEM

Lung Cancer ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. S38-S39 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bibault ◽  
B. Prevost ◽  
E. Dansin ◽  
X. Mirabel ◽  
T. Lacornerie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tumor Tracking

Brain-state dependent non-invasive brain-stimulation with real-time closed-loop simultaneous EEG/TMS

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. e41 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zrenner ◽  
J. Tünnerhoff ◽  
C. Zipser ◽  
F. Müller-Dahlhaus ◽  
U. Ziemann
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Brain State ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
State Dependent

scholarly journals The use of a functional test battery as a non-invasive method of fatigue assessment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0212870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Hughes ◽  
Dale W. Chapman ◽  
G. Gregory Haff ◽  
Sophia Nimphius
Keyword(s):  
Test Battery ◽  
Functional Test ◽  
Fatigue Assessment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

scholarly journals $$360^{\circ }$$ real-time and power-efficient 3D DAMOT for autonomous driving applications

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gómez-Huélamo ◽  
Javier Del Egido ◽  
Luis Miguel Bergasa ◽  
Rafael Barea ◽  
Elena López-Guillén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Intelligent Vehicles ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Power Efficient

AbstractAutonomous Driving (AD) promises an efficient, comfortable and safe driving experience. Nevertheless, fatalities involving vehicles equipped with Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) are on the rise, especially those related to the perception module of the vehicle. This paper presents a real-time and power-efficient 3D Multi-Object Detection and Tracking (DAMOT) method proposed for Intelligent Vehicles (IV) applications, allowing the vehicle to track $$360^{\circ }$$ 360 ∘ surrounding objects as a preliminary stage to perform trajectory forecasting to prevent collisions and anticipate the ego-vehicle to future traffic scenarios. First, we present our DAMOT pipeline based on Fast Encoders for object detection and a combination of a 3D Kalman Filter and Hungarian Algorithm, used for state estimation and data association respectively. We extend our previous work ellaborating a preliminary version of sensor fusion based DAMOT, merging the extracted features by a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using camera information for long-term re-identification and obstacles retrieved by the 3D object detector. Both pipelines exploit the concepts of lightweight Linux containers using the Docker approach to provide the system with isolation, flexibility and portability, and standard communication in robotics using the Robot Operating System (ROS). Second, both pipelines are validated using the recently proposed KITTI-3DMOT evaluation tool that demonstrates the full strength of 3D localization and tracking of a MOT system. Finally, the most efficient architecture is validated in some interesting traffic scenarios implemented in the CARLA (Car Learning to Act) open-source driving simulator and in our real-world autonomous electric car using the NVIDIA AGX Xavier, an AI embedded system for autonomous machines, studying its performance in a controlled but realistic urban environment with real-time execution (results).

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